Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu kakra nka na wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ bere a wɔka kyerɛ wo sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ wo colonoscopy no. Nnipa pii kwati efisɛ egye ahosiesie pii na egye da koro ahomegye wɔ adwumam. Nanso so wunim sɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ wɔ fie de ahu kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu ntɛm? Ɛwom sɛ eyinom atra hɔ bere tiaa bi de, nanso nnansa yi abɛyɛ nea nnipa pii ani gye ho. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nnɛ.
Dɛn ne kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ fie yi?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyinom yɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔde wo nsu a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu (poop sample) bi di dwuma de hwehwɛ kokoram anaa nea enyin ansa na kokoram aba (polyps) ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Sika kɔkɔɔ gyinapɛn a wɔde hu kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu ne akyi berɛmo mu nhwehwɛmu. Nanso saa a wɔbɛyɛ no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn, wɔde nnuru a ɛma obi dwensɔ, na wɔhohoro ne dwensɔtwaa mu yiye.
Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi yɛ mmerɛw kɛse na ɛyɛ ntɛm sɛ wɔbɛyɛ wɔ fie. Wɔsan nso yɛ ɔkwan pa a wɔfa so si ananmu ma wɔn a wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔbɛyɛ ``(Colonoscopy)`` anaasɛ ɛyɛ den ma wɔn sɛ wobenya bere ama no. Ahobammɔ ne nea etu mpɔn, nanso akwan abien no nyinaa wɔ mfaso ne ɔhaw ahorow. Ɛho hia sɛ wuhu saa nneɛma yi ansa na woapaw ɔkwan a ɛfata wo.
Sɛ woresusuw ho sɛ wobɛyɛ kokoram ho nhwehwɛmu wɔ fie a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa ho, asua nsɛm no mu nsɛm, na woayɛ nhyehyɛe de asusuw nea ebefi mu aba no ho.
Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na eyinom yɛ?
Sɔhwɛ ahorow atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔyɛ wɔ fie. Nea ɛka abiɛsa no nyinaa ho ne sɛ wɔbɛboaboa nsu a wɔde yɛ adwuma no ano, nanso ɛsono sɛnea wɔyɛ adwuma ne mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ no.
| Sɔhwɛ no din | Sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma | Bere a wɔde yɛ |
|---|---|---|
| Guaiac fecal mogya a wɔde yɛ ahintasɛm mu nhwehwɛmu (gFOBT) . | Nnuru mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛma wohu mogya a ahintaw wɔ nsu mu (mogya a ɛyɛ asumansɛm). Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde nna pii yɛ nsu a wɔde yɛ nsu. Nnuan ne nnuru bi betumi aka nea efi mu ba no. | Afe biara. |
| Nsu a ɛko tia nyarewa mu nhwehwɛmu (FIT) . | Eyi nso hu mogya a ahintaw wɔ nsu mu. Nanso, wɔde nnuru titiriw a ɛko tia nyarewa di dwuma ma eyi. Saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa yi kyekyere hemoglobin protein a ɛwɔ mogya no mu nkutoo. Mpɛn pii no, nsu a wɔde yɛ nsu biako pɛ na ɛdɔɔso. Ɛho nhia sɛ wɔde aduan anaa nnuru a wɔde siw ano di dwuma. | Afe biara. |
| Nsu mu DNA nhwehwɛmu a wɔde wɔn ani asi so pii (e.g. Cologuard) . | Wɔ mogya a ahintaw wɔ nsu mu a ehu akyi no, ehu DNA, anaa awosu mu nkwaadɔm a asesa a ebetumi aguan afi kokoram anaa polyps mu na wɔde aka nsu mu no nso. | Mfe 3 biara. |
Henanom na sɔhwɛ yi ye ma wɔn?
Sɛnea aduruyɛ mu akwankyerɛ kyerɛ no, sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ asiane mu sɛ wobenya kokoram wɔ wɔn akyi berɛmo mu no fi ase hwehwɛ wɔn mu fi bere a wɔadi mfe 45 kosi sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no wobedi mfe 75.
Ebia ofie sɔhwɛ bɛyɛ ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so sɛ wowɔ tebea horow a edidi so yi a:
- Sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wubegye w’ahome wɔ adwumam de asiesie wo ho ama colonoscopy na wɔayɛ no a.
- Sɛ wowɔ suro a ɛne sɛ wobɛma aduru a ɛma obi dwo a.
- Sɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea afoforo a ɛde wo to asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya nsɛnnennen a efi nnuru a wɔde kum nipadua no mu ba a.
Henanom na wɔwɔ asiane kɛse sen sɛnea wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ?
Nanso, sɛ wowɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya kokoram wɔ akyi berɛmo mu a, asɛm no yɛ soronko kakra. Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa a wɔte saa no mu nhwehwɛmu wɔ wɔn mmofraase ne mpɛn pii. Na wɔtaa kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ ``colonoscopy`` efisɛ ɛma oduruyɛfo no hwɛ akyi berɛmo no mu tẽẽ na oyi polyps biara a ebetumi abɛyɛ kokoram no fi hɔ.
Wobu wo sɛ wowɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ:
- Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya kokoram wɔ akyi berɛmo mu, polyps ahorow bi, anaa awosu mu tebea horow a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obenya kokoram no yɛ kɛse a.
- Sɛ woadi kan anya kokoram wɔ wo menewa mu anaasɛ polyps a ebetumi abɛyɛ kokoram a.
- Sɛ wowɔ nyarewa afoforo a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo anaa akyi berɛmo mu, sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, tebea te sɛ `(Ulcerative Colitis)` anaa `(Crohn yareɛ)`.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na ofie sɔhwɛ yi yɛ adwuma?
Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi mu biara hwehwɛ sɛ wogye nsu a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu, gu kotoku mu, na wode kɔ lab anaa oduruyɛfo adwumayɛbea. Mpɛn pii no, wunya saa nhwehwɛmu aduru yi a oduruyɛfo bi akyerɛw wo.
Dɛn nti na nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi hwehwɛ mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu?
Fa no sɛ wowɔ polyps akɛse anaa kokoram a enyin wɔ wo dwensɔtwaa mu. Mogya ntini a ɛwɔ mu no yɛ fɛ yiye. Bere a nsu fa wɔn mu no, mogya ntini a ɛyɛ fɛ yi betumi asɛe, na mogya nketenkete a ɛyɛ ketewaa dodo sɛ wɔde aniwa betumi ahu no betumi aka nsu no ho. Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi hwehwɛ saa mogya a ahintaw no.
Nanso ɛho hia sɛ wokae eyi. Ɛnyɛ kokoram nkutoo na ɛma mogya ba nsu mu. Ebetumi nso afi tebea afoforo te sɛ akisikuru anaa akisikuru a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu. Ɛno nti na sɛ nhwehwɛmu no da adi sɛ ɛyɛ papa a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ colonoscopy na ama wɔahu nea ɛde ba ankasa.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na Cologuard sɔhwɛ no yɛ adwuma?
Cologuard sɔhwɛ no yɛ soronko kakra wɔ afoforo no ho efisɛ ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wode nsu a ɛyɛ nsu a edi mũ mena. Wobetumi de saa kit yi akɔ wo fie bere a wo duruyɛfo akamfo akyerɛ no. Sɛ wode nnwinnade a ɛwɔ kit no mu di dwuma a, woboaboa nsu a wɔde yɛ nsu no ano, de nsu bi gu mu, hyɛ mu, na wode kɔ lab.
Wɔ aduruyɛdan mu no, mfiridwumayɛfo, wɔ nsu a wɔhwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛ mogya nni mu no akyi no, wɔhwɛ DNA a asesa a ebetumi aguan afi kokoram nkwammoaa mu nso.
Ofie sɔhwɛ ahorow yi di yiye dɛn?
Colonoscopy tumi hu kokoram bɛyɛ 99%. Saa ɔha biara mu nkyem yi sua kakra wɔ fie sɔhwɛ ahorow mu. Nanso esiane sɛ wɔtaa yɛ nti, hokwan wɔ hɔ sɛ wobetumi ahu biribi a wɔantumi ankɔ akyiri akyiri yi.
- Cologuard: Ehu kokoram ahorow 10 biara mu bɛyɛ 9.
- FIT sɔhwɛ: Ɛhu kokoram 10 biara mu bɛyɛ 8.
- gFOBT: Ɛhu kokoram 10 biara mu bɛyɛ 7.
Nanso biribi foforo wɔ ha. Ɛno yɛ "atoro nsusuwii pa." Ɛne sɛ, sɔhwɛ no kyerɛ sɛ wowɔ asiane mu ɛwom mpo sɛ wunni kokoram ankasa de. Cologuard sɔhwɛ no taa ma saa atoro a ɛyɛ papa yi sen FIT sɔhwɛ no.
Awiei koraa no, adanse a emu yɛ den biara nni hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ akwan yi mu biara korɔn kɛse sen akwan afoforo no wɔ nkwa a wogye mu. Nnuruyɛfo ka sɛ sɔhwɛ a eye sen biara ne nea w’ankasa woyɛ no. Wɔ nnipa binom fam no, ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛyɛ wɔn akyi berɛmo mu nhwehwɛmu mfe 10 biara sen afe afe nhwehwɛmu a wɔbɛyɛ wɔ fie. Wɔ afoforo fam no, colonoscopy yɛ ade a wontumi nhu. Wɔ saa nkurɔfo no fam no, ofie sɔhwɛ tu mpɔn kɛse.
Dɛn na woyɛ bere a nea efi mu ba no aba akyi?
Sɔhwɛ biara a wowɔ no, nea ebefi mu aba no bɛba wɔ adapɛn abien ntam. Ɛno akyi no , ɛho hia sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa fa ho.
- Positive/Abnormal: Sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ ‘positive’ a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔahu mogya anaa DNA a wɔasesa wɔ nsu mu. Mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu. Sɛ́ anammɔn a edi hɔ no, ɛho behia sɛ woyɛ `Colonoscopy` na woahu nea ɛde ba ankasa.
- Negative/Normal: Sɛ nea efi mu ba no yɛ ‘negative’ a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔanhu asiane biara. Wubetumi asan asɔ ahwɛ sɛnea wo sɔhwɛ nhyehyɛe a wotaa yɛ no te (wɔ afe biako mu ma `FIT`, wɔ mfe 3 mu ma `Cologuard`).
Nanso, sɛ wɔayɛ wo nhwehwɛmu mpo a, sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a edidi so yi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara:
- Nsakrae a ɛba wɔ dwensɔtwaa mu (e.g. akisikuru, akisikuru).
- Mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu anaa nea ɛka ho.
- Yafunu mu yaw a ɛkɔ so daa anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw.
- Mu duru a wɔtew so a ntease biara nnim.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Ofie nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hu kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu no yɛ ɔkwan pa a nnipa pii a sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, asiane wom ma.
- Sɛ wufi fie nhwehwɛmu mu ba a, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ kokoram, nanso colonoscopy ne ade a edi hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ.
- Hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛbɔ nkɔmmɔ ansa na woasi nhwehwɛmu kwan a eye ma wo ho gyinae.
- Sɛ wɔayɛ wo nhwehwɛmu mpo a, mmu w’ani ngu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ mogya a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu, yafunu mu yaw, anaa wo mu duru a ɛso tew no so. Hwehwɛ nnuruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.
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