So mmarima hormone a ɛbɛkɔ soro wɔ nipadua no mu nso haw wo? Momma yɛnka hyperandrogenism ho asɛm!

So nsakrae bi a ɛbɛba wo nipadua mu no haw wo? Ebia nea enti a ɛte saa ne androgen, mmarima hormone bi a ɛkɔ soro wɔ nipadua no mu. Wɔfrɛ saa tebea yi wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ hyperandrogenism . Mma ɛnhaw wo, yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm tiawa, wɔ ɔkwan a wubetumi ate ase so.

Dɛn ankasa ne hyperandrogenism?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, hyperandrogenism kyerɛ sɛ wo nipadua no wɔ androgens, nna mu ahoɔdennuru bi, pii dodo. Androgens ho hia ma mmerantebere ne mmabaabere, awo akwahosan, ne nipadua nyin.

Afei hwɛ, hormone yɛ nnuru a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Wɔte sɛ abɔfo. Wɔnam mogya no mu na wɔka nea ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ ne bere a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ kyerɛ yɛn akwaa, ntini, ne ntini afoforo.

Wɔyɛ androgens wɔ obiara nipadua mu. Nanso mmarima na wɔyɛ nneɛma pii. Mmea yɛ dodow a ɛwɔ ɔbarima nipadua mu no bɛyɛ nkyem dumien mu biako. Testosterone ne androgens yi mu biako titiriw.

Androgens nam mmarima awotwaa so na ɛyɛ mmea mu mmadwoa. Adrenal glands a ɛwɔ yɛn asaabo atifi no nso na ɛyɛ saa hormone ahorow yi. Wɔboa nso ma wɔdan androgens a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ma ɛbɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ den wɔ mmeae te sɛ srade ntini ne honam ani.

Saa tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne a wɔfrɛ no hyperandrogenism no betumi ayɛ soronko a egyina mfe a woadi ne wo bɔbeasu so. Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi de aba, na ayaresa ahorow wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa.

So Hyperandrogenism ne PCOS yɛ ade koro?

Nnipa pii susuw sɛ hyperandrogenism ne polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) yɛ yare koro. Ɛwom sɛ abusuabɔ a emu yɛ den wɔ abien no ntam de, nanso wɔnyɛ pɛ.

Hyperandrogenism yɛ ade titiriw a ɛwɔ PCOS mu. PCOS yɛ nkwaadɔm a ɛnkari pɛ a ɛnam mmadwoa a ɛma mmarima mu nkwaadɔm pii ba nti. Ɛka mmea.

Enti, ɛwom sɛ PCOS yɛ ade a ɛtaa de hyperandrogenism ba de, nanso nneɛma afoforo betumi de hyperandrogenism aba. Saa ara nso na PCOS wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo te sɛ ovarian cysts, de ka hyperandrogenism ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho.

Henanom na tebea yi ka no kɛse? Ɛtaa ba dɛn?

Hyperandrogenism betumi aka obiara - mmofra nkumaa, mpanyimfo, obiara. Nanso, ɛtaa ba mmea a wɔadi mfe a wobetumi awo so kɛse .

Mmea a wɔadu awo mfe mu no 5% kosi 10%Tebea yi renya nkɛntɛnso. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ eyi nyɛ nea ɛntaa nsi sɛnea ebia wubesusuw no.

Saa tebea yi ntaa nka mmarimaa ne mmarima a wɔanyinyin.

Dɛn ne eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Hyperandrogenism ho sɛnkyerɛnne gu ahorow gyina wo bɔbeasu ne sɛ ebia woafa mmerantebere ne mmabaabere mu anaa.

Nanso ade titiriw bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae ni. Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mpo a, ebia androgen dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no bɛyɛ nea ɛfata. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biara betumi de nneɛma afoforo aba. Afei nso, sɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ wo androgen dodow dɔɔso mpo a, ebia worennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw biara.

Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi da adi mpofirim na ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi, efisɛ wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, ebia nea ɛde ba ne akisikuru a ɛma androgen fi mu.

Afei ma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea eyi ka nnipa ahorow.

Wɔ mmeawa fam (ansa na wɔadu mpanyin afe so) .

• Clitoris a ayɛ kɛse .
• Acne ne honam ani a srade wom.
• Nipadua mu nhwi a enyin a wɔmpɛ (hirsutism) . Wei kyerɛ sɛ wɔde nhwi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ mmeae te sɛ anofafa a ɛwɔ soro, abɔso, koko, yafunu, ne akyi besi "nwi a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ hare" no ananmu.

Wɔ mmofra mmarima fam (ansa na wɔadu mpanyin afe so) .

• Penis a ayɛ kɛse .
• Nwi a enyin ntɛm anaasɛ ɛboro so wɔ kokoam baabi ne abasa.
• Ɛnne no a emu dɔ.

Wɔ mmea a wɔn mfe akɔ anim fam

• Acne ne honam ani a srade wom.
• Nipadua mu nhwi ntini a enyin a wɔmpɛ ( hirsutism ) .
• Ɔsram biara brayɛ a ɛnkɔ so daa.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛwo mma (awo a wontumi nwo) .
• Mmarima ti nhwi a ɛtɔ ( androgenic alopecia) .

Wɔ mmarima a wɔanyinyin fam

Sɛnea eyi ka mmarima a wɔanyinyin no gyina sɛ ebia hormone a ɛboro so no fi adrenal glands no mu anaasɛ efi biribi a wɔnom fi abɔnten (te sɛ anabolic steroid injections) so. Sɛ androgens a efi adrenal glands mu no kɔ soro a, ebia mmarima a wɔanyinyin renhu nipadua mu nsakrae kɛse biara. Nanso, ebetumi atew awotwaa no dwumadi so na ama ayɛ den sɛ wɔbɛwo mma.

Dɛn nti na eyi rekɔ so? Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?

Androgen hormone ahorow no fi mmadwoa, adrenal glands, ne srade nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ mmea mu, ne mmarima a wɔyɛ mmadwoa ne adrenal glands.

Nkwammoaa afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a ɛka sɛnea wɔyɛ androgen ahorow yi na woyi fi mu no. Sɛ nhwɛso no , luteinizing hormone (LH) ne adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) . Nkwammoaa abien yi nyinaa fi pituitary gland no mu.

Sɛ akwaa yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa, anaa saa nkwaadɔm yi mu biako ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, hyperandrogenism betumi aba.

Nneɛma atitiriw pii nti na ɛte saa:

• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) - Eyi ne nea ɛtaa de ba.
• Adrenal Hyperplasia a Wɔde Awo Wɔn (CAH) .
• Cushing yare no .
• Akisikuru a ɛma androgen fi nipadua mu.
• Nnuru bi.

Afei ma yɛnhwɛ ntease ahorow yi mu biara mu nkɔ akyiri kakra.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) a ɛma obi nya awotwaa mu ntini pii (PCOS) .

Wɔ mmea nkumaa ne wɔn a wɔn mfe akɔ anim mu no, PCOS ne ade a ɛtaa ma hyperandrogenism kɔ so yɛ kɛse wɔ wɔn mmabunbere akyi. Mmea a wɔwɔ hyperandrogenism no mu 80% kosi 90% nso wɔ PCOS .

Wɔ PCOS mu no, awotwaa no ma androgens pii esiane LH ne insulin dodow a ɛkɔ soro bere nyinaa (hyperinsulinemia) nti. Nea ɛka ho no, insulin dodow a ɛkɔ soro no nso mma mmerɛbo no ntumi nyɛ protein bi a wɔfrɛ no Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) . Eyi ma testosterone a enni mogya no dodow kɔ soro.

Awosu mu adrenal hyperplasia `(CAH)`

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) yɛ awosu mu tebea horow kuw bi a ɛka adrenal ntini ahorow no.

Wɔ CAH mu no, awosu mu nsakrae ma enzyme bi a wɔfrɛ no 21-hydroxylase , a ɛboa nipadua no ma ɛyɛ hormone no so tew. Wɔ nnipa pii a wɔwɔ CAH mu no, saa enzyme a enni nipadua no mu yi ma adrenal ntini no yɛ nkwaadɔm afoforo te sɛ testosterone pii.

Nea ɛtaa de hyperandrogenism ba mmea a wɔwɔ adrenal hyperplasia so ne adrenal hyperplasia a ɛnyɛ tete de a wɔwo wɔn . Eyi yɛ tebea a enzyme 21-hydroxylase no fã bi nni mu. Saa tebea yi ka mmea a wɔwɔ hyperandrogenism bɛyɛ 2%.

Cushing yare no

Cushing yare no yɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no Cushing syndrome . Cushing syndrome yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi a ɛba bere a nipadua no wɔ cortisol (a ɛno nso yɛ hormone) pii dodo no.

Cushing yare no fi akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram a ɛwɔ pituitary gland no mu. Saa akisikuru yi yi ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) a ɛboro so fi mu, na ɛma cortisol dodow kɔ soro.

ACTH a ɛboro so ma adrenal glands no yi androgens a ɛboro so fi mu, na ɛno na ɛde hyperandrogenism ba.

Cushing syndrome wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo:

• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛtrɛw wɔ yafunu no so.
• Mu duru a ɛkɔ soro ntɛmntɛm wɔ anim, yafunu, ne kɔn mu.
• Mogya mmoroso.

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ eyinom a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi.

Akisikuru a ɛma androgen fi nipadua mu

Adrenal gland tumors bi, anaasɛ akisikuru a ɛwɔ awotwaa anaa mmadwoa mu no tumi yɛ androgens na ɛde fi mu. Eyi ma nipadua no mu androgen dodow kɔ soro sen sɛnea ɛte daa. Tebea a hyperandrogenism a saa akisikuru yi de ba no taa yɛ den yiye na ɛba mpofirim .

Hyperandrogenism a efi awotwaa anaa adrenal akisikuru mu ba no ntaa mma. Ɛka nnipa bɛyɛ 0.2% pɛ. Nanso, sɛ wunya hyperandrogenism ho sɛnkyerɛnne mpofirim a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Nnuru bi

Nnuru bi nso betumi ama obi anya hyperandrogenism. Nnuru titiriw a ɛde eyi ba ne:

• Anabolic-androgenic steroids (eyinom yɛ testosterone ahorow a wɔayɛ, a agumadifo binom de di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so de ma adwumayɛ tu mpɔn).
• Progestins a wɔayɛ (eyinom yɛ nnuru a ɛma nsakrae ba awotwaa mu na wɔde yɛ nneɛma ahorow).
• Nnuru a ekum akisikuru ( nnuru a wɔde siw akisikuru ano ).

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .

Sɛ woyɛ ɔbea na wususuw sɛ wowɔ hyperandrogenism a, wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu na wahwehwɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ nhwi a enyin a wompɛ. Wɔbɛbisa wo nsɛm kakra nso afa w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm ho:

• Mfe a nufu fi ase nyin.
• Mfe a nhwi fi ase pue wɔ kokoam baabi.
• Mfe a obi adi wɔ brayɛ a edi kan no mu.
• So wuyi ti nhwi (woyi ti nhwi, so woayɛ laser hair removal)?
• So wode anabolic steroids anaa testosterone adi dwuma pɛn a wunnyaa oduruyɛfo krataa?
• Nneɛma te sɛ mpɛn dodow a wo bra ba, nna dodow a ɛkyɛ, ne mogya dodow a wo mogya tu.

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ wowɔ hyperandrogenism a, ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu mfa nhwɛ sɛnea hormone ahorow bi wɔ hɔ. Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi aboa ma wɔahu tebea no.

Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔyɛ?

Sɛ wowɔ hyperandrogenism ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom:

• Testosterone a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa: Eyi kyerɛ testosterone dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu nyinaa. Ebia saa dodow yi bɛkɔ soro kakra wɔ mmea a wɔwɔ PCOS mu. Sɛ ɛkɔ soro yiye a, ebetumi ayɛ akisikuru a ɛwɔ awotwaa anaa awotwaa mu.
• Testosterone a wontua hwee : Saa testosterone yi nkyekyere protein biara. Eyi yɛ testosterone nyinaa dodow ketewaa bi. Ebia saa dodow yi nso bɛkɔ soro wɔ mmea a wɔwɔ PCOS mu.
• Androstenedione : Eyi yɛ steroid hormone a enni androgenic nkɛntɛnso kɛse biara wɔ nipadua no so. Nanso, ɛyɛ adwuma titiriw sɛ anammɔn a ɛda ntam wɔ testosterone ne estrogen a wɔyɛ wɔ nipadua no mu no mu. Sɛ ne dodow kɔ soro a, ebia PCOS wɔ hɔ.
• Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) : DHEAS yɛ nna mu ahoɔdennuru a adrenal ntini no na ɛyɛ. Enti, ɛyɛ ade pa a ɛkyerɛ sɛ adrenal androgen yɛ adwuma. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ mmea a wɔwɔ PCOS no DHEAS dodow kɔ soro kakra. Sɛ ɛkɔ soro yiye a, ebetumi ayɛ adrenal tumor ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
• 17-hydroxyprogesterone : Sɛ wosusuw 17-hydroxyprogesterone dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no yɛ sɔhwɛ titiriw a wɔde hwɛ sɛ ebia adrenal hyperplasia a ɛnyɛ nea wɔwoo no tete no wɔ hɔ anaa, tebea a ɛyɛ ade biako a ɛde hyperandrogenism ba.

Esiane sɛ nneɛma afoforo betumi de hyperandrogenism ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow aba nti, wo duruyɛfo bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu afoforo na ama wɔahu saa nneɛma no nso.

Bio nso, wobetumi ayɛ mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom de ahu nea ɛde hyperandrogenism ba:

• Pelvic ultrasound a wɔde hwɛ sɛ ovarian cysts (PCOS ho sɛnkyerɛnne foforo) anaa akuru afoforo wɔ hɔ anaa.
• Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔahwɛ sɛ adrenal gland tumors , wɔyɛ CT scan (Computed tomography - CT) anaa MRI scan (Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI) nhwehwɛmu.

Nnuruyɛfo botae ne sɛ wɔbɛtew androgen a efi awotwaa anaa adrenal ntini mu ba no so, wɔbɛtew androgen dodow a ɛnyɛ hwee so, na wɔasiw androgen dwumadi ano.

Nanso, nnipa a wɔwɔ hyperandrogenism taa hwehwɛ nnuruyɛfo afotu de sa yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw te sɛ nhwi nyin a wɔmpɛ, akisikuru, ne brayɛ a ɛnkɔ so daa.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa eyi?

Hyperandrogenism ayaresa gyina nea ɛde ba no so. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Wobetumi de corticosteroids a wɔmfa nni dwuma pii adi adrenal hyperandrogenism so .
• Sɛ akisikuru wɔ awotwaa, mmadwoa, anaa adrenal glands mu a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi fi hɔ. Wɔ mmea a wɔagyae brayɛ anaa wɔn a wɔagyae brayɛ a wɔwɔ hyperandrogenism a emu yɛ den mu no, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oophorectomy (oprehyɛn a wɔde yi awotwaa biako anaa abien no nyinaa) nso.
• Sɛ aduru bi a worenom na ɛde hyperandrogenism ba a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ gyae aduru no anaasɛ dan kɔ aduru foforo so.

Nnuru a wɔde ko tia androgen nso yɛ aduru a wɔtaa de sa hyperandrogenism. Wɔsiw androgens te sɛ testosterone nkɛntɛnso ano.

Nnuru ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde ko tia androgen:

• Nnuru a wɔde siw nyinsɛn ano/awo ano aduru a ethinyl estradiol (estrogen) ne antiandrogenic progesterone wom: Nhwɛso bi ne nnuru a cyproterone acetate (e.g. Diane®-35), drospirenone (e.g. Yasmin®, Yaz®) anaa dienogest (e.g. Valette®) wom. Eyinom betumi asa akisikuru, nhwi a enyin a wɔmpɛ ne nna a ɛnkɔ so daa.
• Spironolactone (Aldactone®) : Saa antiandrogen yi sa akisikuru ne nhwi a ɛnyin a wɔmpɛ a hormone ahorow de ba no.
• Cyproterone : Saa aduru yi boa ma wɔsa PCOS, ɛtew testosterone dodow so, na ɛtew ngo a ɛde akisikuru ba no so.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wɔde sa yare

Ebia nnipa a wɔwɔ hyperandrogenism bɛhwehwɛ ayaresa pɔtee ama wɔn yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne:

• Akisikuru : Nea wɔde sa akisikuru no bi ne nnuru a wɔde gu nipadua no so, nnuru a wɔde kum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔnom te sɛ tetracycline , nnuru a ekum androgens (a hormone ayaresa, awo ano aduru ka ho), ne isotretinoin aduru.
• Hirsutism (nwi a enyin a wɔmpɛ) : Mmea pii a wɔwɔ ti nhwi no de wɔn ho to akwan te sɛ waxing, shaving, ne laser a wɔde yi ti nhwi so. Ebia wɔbɛnom nnuru a wɔde siw awo ano nso.
• Bere a ɛnkɔ so daa : Mmea betumi de akwan a wɔfa so siw awo ano a wɔde hormone di dwuma de ahwɛ wɔn brayɛ so.

Sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi ntumi nyɛ ayaresa a wɔtaa de di dwuma esiane hormone a ɛnkari pɛ nti a, ebia wo duruyɛfo no besusuw nnuru a ano yɛ den kɛse a wɔde ko tia androgen ho.

So wontumi nsiw eyi ano?

Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a ɛda adi pefee a wɔbɛfa so asiw hyperandrogenism ano.

Ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wɔada no adi sɛ wɔbɛfa so asiw PCOS, ade a ɛtaa de hyperandrogenism ba no ano. Nanso wubetumi ayɛ nneɛma nketenkete de atew wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, aduan a ahoɔden wom a wodi, .Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wobɛyɛ daa ne wo mu duru a wobɛhwɛ so no betumi aboa ma PCOS ne hyperandrogenism nkɛntɛnso so atew.

Dɛn na ɛbɛba daakye? (Nkɔmhyɛ) .

Tebea horow pii a ɛde hyperandrogenism ba no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔsa no nkwa nna nyinaa. Ɛtɔ da bi a, mmea a wɔwɔ hyperandrogenism esiane PCOS nti no mu duru so bɛtew kɛse na wɔn PCOS no akɔ. Nanso, nnipa dodow no ara behia ayaresa wɔ wɔn nkwa nna nyinaa mu na ama wɔatew hyperandrogenism ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so.

Hyperandrogenism sɛnkyerɛnne betumi aka sɛnea wubu wo ho ne w’adwene mu akwahosan. Sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi rema wote adwennwen, dadwen, ne/anaasɛ adwenemhaw nka a, ɛho hia sɛ wohwehwɛ mmoa fi adwenemyare ho oduruyɛfo anaa ɔfotufo hɔ.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ hyperandrogenism na worenom nnuru ama no a, ɛho behia sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn daa na ama woahwɛ ahu sɛ w’ayaresa no reyɛ adwuma yiye.

Sɛ hyperandrogenism reka w’adwene a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ adwenemyare ho oduruyɛfo anaa ɔfotufo nkyɛn kɔhwehwɛ mmoa.

Awiei koraa no, nkrasɛm a wode bɛkɔ fie:

Hyperandrogenism yɛ tebea a ɛtaa ba mmea mu. Ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow betumi ama w’ani awu na wo ho atɔ wo. Nanso kae sɛ ɛnyɛ wo nko ara, na wobetumi asa saa tebea yi. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa ayaresa a wubetumi apaw ho. Afei nso, sɛ ɛreka w’adwene a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ adwenemyare ho oduruyɛfo anaa ɔfotufo nkyɛn. W’akwahosan a wobɛhwɛ so yiye ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara.

` Hyperandrogenism, Androgen, Testosterone, PCOS, Hirsutism, Acne, Nkwammoaa a ɛnkari pɛ, Mmea Akwahosan, Nkwammoaa a ɛnkari pɛ