So wo nkotodwe abɔ akyi na atrɛw dodo? (Hyperextended Knee) Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm!

So woakɔ ɔhaw kɛse mu pɛn bere a woredi agumadi, woretu mmirika, worehuruw, anaasɛ wonyɛ hwee kɛkɛ, bere a wo kotodwe abɔ mpofirim na wote ɛyaw a wuntumi nnyina ano no? Sɛ ɛba saa a, ebetumi ayɛ hu paa, ɛnte saa? Ebia wo nso woanya saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no ‘knee hyperextension’. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka ho asɛm akɔ akyiri, te sɛ nea wo ne w’adamfo bi rekasa no.

Dɛn ne kotodwe a ɛtrɛw dodo?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, tebea yi ba bere a wo kotodwe kotow kɔ akyi dodo sen sɛnea ɛyɛ nea ɛfata no. Fa no sɛ hinge a ɛwɔ ɔpon bi so. Ɛkɔ ɔkwan biako pɛ so. Sɛ wohyɛ no ma ɔkotow kɔ baabi foforo a, dɛn na ɛba? Saa na ɛba wo kotodwe so.

Yɛn kotodwe yɛ nkwaa a ɛyɛ den yiye. Ɛwɔ ntini ahorow a ɛka bom te sɛ ntini ahorow, ntini ahorow, ne ntini ahorow . Eyinom ne nea ɛkyekye kotodwe no bom na ɛboa ma ɛkeka ne ho yiye. Enti, sɛ wɔde tumi kɛse bi gu kotodwe no so, sɛ́ efi agumadi mu opira anaa akwanhyia foforo bi mu, na wɔpia no kɔ akyi a, saa ntini a ɛka bom yi betumi asɛe. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no kotodwe a ɛtrɛw dodo. Sɛ eyi ba a, sɛ wobɔ mmɔden sɛ wode mu duru bɛto kotodwe no so a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea entumi nnyina , ebia ‘ɛbɛbɔ’ mpo, a ɛno ne nea ebetumi ayɛ.

Mma eyi nfrafra `ACL`, `PCL`, `MCL` ne `LCL` nusu!

Afei ebia worebisa wo ho sɛ, so eyi ne nkotodwe afoforo a wopirapira no wɔ abusuabɔ? Yiw, kotodwe a ɛtrɛw dodo, ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament) a ɛtetew, ne PCL (Posterior Cruciate Ligament) a ɛtetew nyinaa yɛ nkotodwe mu opira ahorow. Nanso eyinom nyinaa taa fi agumadi mu opira.

Momma yɛnhwɛ nea saa `ligaments` yi yɛ:

• Nhama atitiriw abien a ɛka w’asen dompe (femur) ne w’asen dompe (tibia) bom ne ACL ne PCL. Wɔn baanu nyinaa tu mmirika fa wo kotodwe mfinimfini. ACL no wɔ wo kotodwe anim, na PCL no wɔ akyi.
• `MCL (Medial Collateral Ligament)` ne `LCL (Lateral Collateral Ligament)` no wɔ kotodwe no fã biara. Eyinom ma kotodwe no gyina na ɛboa ma ɛkɔ nkyɛnkyɛn.

Afei deɛ wote aseɛ? Sɛ kotodwe no trɛw dodo a, saa ntini yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa betumi asɛe. Titiriw sɛ kotodwe no trɛw boro so kɛse a, hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛtetew `ACL` ne `MCL` no mu .

Nanso, ɛnyɛ nkotodwe a wɔtrɛw boro so nyinaa na ɛma ntini no mu tetew. Afei nso, sɛ nkotodwe no antrɛw dodo mpo a, ntini no betumi apirapira na atetew. Enti eye sɛ woremfa eyinom nfrafra, ɛnte saa?

Hena na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ obenya saa tebea yi? Ɛtaa ba dɛn?

Obiara betumi anya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no hyperextension of the knee. Nanso, wɔtaa hu no wɔ agumadifo mu.Ɛte saa. Fa no sɛ, sɛ wode wo nan mmienu nyinaa yɛ tackle bere a worebɔ bɔɔl, anaasɛ wohuruw na wo si fam wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so bere a worebɔ basketball... Saa na eyi betumi aba.

This is a very common injury , titiriw wɔ agumadifo mu, enti ɛho hia sɛ wohu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nkotodwe a wɔtrɛw mu dodo no ka nipadua no?

Wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ ɛyaw ne ahonhon akyi no, ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama wo sɛ wode wo kotodwe bedi dwuma sɛnea ɛsɛ bere a woabɔ akuturuku akyi. Eyi betumi ayɛ aniberesɛm titiriw sɛ wo kotodwe no afã afoforo te sɛ ntini, ntini, anaa meniscus (ntini a ɛwɔ kotodwe mu) nso asɛe a . Ebia wo kotodwe bɛte nka sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw na entumi nnyina, te sɛ nea ‘ɛrebɔ’. Ebia worentumi mfa wo kotodwe mu duru nso sɛnea wotaa yɛ no.

Ɛho hia yiye sɛ sɛ wo kotodwe trɛw dodo a, wonyɛ nneɛma te sɛ "di agoru wɔ ɛyaw no mu" anaasɛ "nantew kɔhwɛ sɛ ɛbɛkɔ anaa." Sɛ wubu w’ani gu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so a, opira ketewaa bi mpo betumi ayɛ kɛse na asɛe kotodwe no mu bio.

Sɛ wote ɛyaw na wuntumi ntutu wo kotodwe yiye a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn .

Dɛn ne kotodwe a ɛtrɛw dodo ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Sɛ kotodwe no trɛw dodo a, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ:

• Ɛyaw a emu yɛ den .
• Kotodwe a ɛho ahonhon .
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛkanyan kotodwe no sɛnea ɛsɛ.
• Nkotodwe a ɛte nka sɛ entumi nnyina anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw sen sɛnea ɛtaa ba.
• Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia wubehu sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw anaasɛ wo honam ani kɔla asakra (blue/purple).

Sɛ wote ‘pop’ anaasɛ wote biribi a ɛte saa nka wɔ wo kotodwe mu bere a woapira a, ɛda adi sɛ wo meniscus a atetew. Meniscus a atetew no betumi ama woayɛ yaw kɛse na mpo ɛmma wuntumi mfa wo kotodwe nni dwuma.

Dɛn na ɛde eyi ba?

Mpɛn pii no, kotodwe no trɛw dodo bere a wɔredi agumadi anaa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ afoforo . Fa no sɛ ɛyɛ obi a ɔhwe ase mpofirim na ɔhwe ase bere a ɔretu mmirika wɔ kriket mu, ahuruhuruw wɔ netball mu na ɔde ne ho asi fam wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so, anaasɛ obi a ɔhwe ase fi baabi a ɛkorɔn. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, tumi biara a ɛbɛpia kotodwe no akɔ akyi no betumi ama kotodwe no atrɛw dodo. Susuw nea ɛba bere a wɔbɔ bɔɔlbɔfo bi nan, anaasɛ basketball bɔfo bi huruw kɔ soro na ɔde ne ho si fam wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so no ho hwɛ.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu tebea yi?

Wo duruyɛfo nam nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu ne mfoniniyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu so bɛhu sɛ wo kotodwe mu trɛw boro so . Ɔbɛhwehwɛ wo kotodwe mu, ne wo akasa afa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho, na wahu sɛnea wo kotodwe a wode bedi dwuma no sua.

Ebia anyɛ yiye koraa no, ebehia sɛ woyɛ mfoninitwa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi mu biako:

• X-ray nhwehwɛmu (`X-ray`) .
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) a Wɔde Yɛ Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma (MRI) .
• CT scan (`CT - Kɔmputa so Tomography mfonini`) .

Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi aboa wo duruyɛfo ma wahu nneɛma a asɛe wɔ wo kotodwe mu ne nea atwa ho ahyia, na ebetumi nso akyerɛ sɛ ebia opira bi a emu yɛ den kɛse te sɛ ntini a atetew wɔ hɔ anaa.

Woyɛ dɛn sa kotodwe a ɛtrɛw dodo?

Ayaresa a wɔde bɛyɛ wo kotodwe no begyina sɛnea opira no mu yɛ den so . Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete nkutoo na wo kotodwe mu nsɛe kɛse a, ebia wubetumi de `RUCE` kwan no ayɛ ho adwuma wɔ fie:

• R - Ahomegye: Kwati dwumadie a emaa opira no. Mfa wo kotodwe mu duru pii nkɔsi sɛ ɛbɛsa.
• I - Ice: Fa ice pack gu kotodwe so bɛyɛ simma 15 wɔ bere koro mu, mpɛn anan da biara.
• C - Compression: Wubetumi de elastic bandage abɔ wo kotodwe mu na ama wo ho a ɛhoa no so atew.
• E - Elevation: Ma wo nkotodwe ne wo nan ntra wo koma so bere tenten biara a wubetumi.

Nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw a wɔtɔn te sɛ aspirin anaa ibuprofen a wɔfrɛ no NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) betumi aboa ma ɛyaw ne ɔfe so atew. Nanso, sɛ worenom nnuru yi bɛboro nnafua 10 a, hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu.

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na woanpira daakye no, ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛkamfo apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛbɛma ntini a atwa wo kotodwe ho ahyia no den na ama woatumi ayɛ nsakrae kɛse nso akyerɛ .

So oprehyɛn ho hia na ama kotodwe atrɛw dodo?

Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ kotodwe a ɛbɛpaapae no behia sɛ wɔyɛ no oprehyɛn. Nanso, sɛ akwanhyia a ɛmaa wo kotodwe mu paapaee no asɛe anaasɛ atetew ntini te sɛ wo ACL anaa PCL a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn de siesie nusu no.

Mpɛn pii no, wɔyɛ oprehyɛn a wɔde siesie kotodwe sɛ ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde wɔn kɔ ayaresabea . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wubetumi akɔ fie da koro no ara. Mpɛn pii no, wo oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo no bɛyɛ oprehyɛn bi a ɛnyɛ den pii a wɔfrɛ no knee arthroscopy , a esiesie ntini a ɛwɔ kotodwe no mu no.

Bere tenten ahe na egye na obi ho atɔ no afi tebea yi mu?

Bere a egye ansa na wo ho atɔ wo no gyina sɛnea wo kotodwe abubu kɛse ne sɛ ebia woapira bio so. Sɛ wo kotodwe a abubu no nsɛe wo mu na enhia sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn a, ɛsɛ sɛ wo ho tɔ wo wɔ adapɛn kakraa bi kosi ɔsram biako ntam .

Nanso, sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ oprehyɛn esiane opira a emu yɛ den nti a, ebetumi agye asram pii ansa na woasan afi dwumadi ahorow a woyɛ daa no nyinaa ase.

Bisa wo duruyɛfo anaa oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo ma ɔmma wo bere a wo ho bɛtɔ wo no ho nsɛm pɔtee .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi asiw kotodwe a ɛtrɛw dodo ano?

Hwɛ yiye wɔ nneɛma yi ho bere a woredi agumadi anaa apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ afoforo:

• Hyɛ ahobammɔ nnwinnade a ɛfata.
• Sɛ wo kotodwe yɛ wo yaw, bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ anaasɛ bere a woayɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ akyi a, "nni agoru wɔ ɛyaw no mu."
• Ma wo nipadua no bere mfa nnye n’ahome na ne ho ntɔ no bere a woayɛ adwuma denneennen awie no.
• Ansa na wobɛbɔ agumadi anaa wobɛteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu , ma wo ho yɛ hyew na trɛw wo ntini mu.
• Sɛ woyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ wie a , ma wo ho dwo na san teɛteɛ wo ho bio.

Di ahobammɔ ho afotu a ɛfa nneɛma nyinaa ho yi akyi na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubepira no so atew:

• Ma wo fie ne w’adwumam nyɛ nneɛma a ɛho nhia a ebetumi ama wo anaa obi foforo ahwe ase na wahwe ase.
• Fa nnwinnade anaa nnwinnade a ɛfata di dwuma bere nyinaa na ama woadu nneɛma a ɛkorɔn wɔ wo fie ho. Mforo nkongua, apon, anaa counter so da.
• Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛnantew anaasɛ asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobɛhwe ase a, fa poma, poma, anaa nea wɔde nantew di dwuma.

Sɛ wo kotodwe trɛw dodo a, dɛn na wubetumi ahwɛ kwan? / Dɛn ne adwene a ɛwɔ hɔ?

Wubetumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo koraa bere a wo kotodwe abubu awie no. Eyi yɛ bere tiaa mu opira na ɛnsɛ sɛ enya w’akwahosan anaa sɛnea wubetumi adi agumadi a w’ani gye ho no so nkɛntɛnso bere tenten.

Nanso sɛ opira no mu yɛ den araa ma ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn a, hwɛ kwan sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, wobɛtwe wo ho afi agumadi anaa dwumadi a ɛde opira no bae no ho asram kakraa bi .

Nnipa pii nya nneɛma pa a efi mu ba wɔ tebea yi akyi. Opira dodow no ara nhia oprehyɛn , na ɛsɛ sɛ wutumi san fi dwumadi ahorow a woyɛ daa no nyinaa ase wɔ adapɛn kakraa bi mu.

So merentumi nkɔ adwuma/sukuu esiane tebea yi nti?

Sɛ wubetumi ayɛ w’adwuma anaa sukuu adwuma bere a wote ase na womfa nhyɛso kɛse mma wo kotodwe a apira no so a , enhia sɛ wugyae adwuma anaa sukuu kɔ kosi sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo.

Nanso, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ wo oprehyɛn anaa oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ansa na woasan afi apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ biara ase bere a wo ho retɔ wo no.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wote nka sɛ ɛyaw anaa ɔfe no reyɛ kɛse wɔ nna kakraa bi akyi, anaasɛ wuntumi ntutu wo kotodwe sɛnea ɛsɛ a, wo ne oduruyɛfo nkasa.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ ntɛm ara :

• Ɛyaw a emu yɛ den yiye.
• Ɔhonhon no renya nkɔanim.
• Wora kɔla a ɛsakra (blue/purple).
• Worentumi ntutu wo nkotodwe koraa.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa oduruyɛfo no?

• So ɛho behia sɛ meyɛ mfoninitwa ho sɔhwɛ biara?
• So mewɔ ACL anaa PCL tear?
• Bere tenten ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ megye m’ahome na mekwati agumadi ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ afoforo?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ me oprehyɛn?
• Bere tenten ahe na merentumi nkɔ (adwuma/sukuu)?
• So eyi yɛ ɔhaw a emu yɛ den?
• So merentumi nkɔbɔ saa bere yi?

Eyinom nyinaa yɛ nsemmisa a ɛba w’adwenem bere a wo kotodwe abubu no. Nea eye ne sɛ, enhia sɛ wɔyɛ kotodwe mu akisikuru dodow no ara oprehyɛn , na wubetumi de nnuru a wɔtɔn a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu ne bere a wode bɛma wo nipadua no agye n’ahome na ayɛ yiye no ayɛ ho adwuma wɔ fie.

Sɛ woapira kɛse te sɛ wo ntini a atetew mpo a, ɛsɛ sɛ wutumi ho tɔ wo koraa na wosan kɔ agumadi ne dwumadi ahorow a w’ani gye ho no mu .

Enti, nneɛma bɛn na ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae?

Okay, ma menbɔ nsɛntitiriw a ɛho hia sen biara no bi mua fi nea yɛaka ho asɛm no mu.

• Kotodwe a ɛtrɛw dodo ne bere a kotodwe no kotow kɔ akyi sen nea ɛfata . Eyi betumi asi bere a wɔredi agumadi, te sɛ nea efi asehwe mu.
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne ɛyaw, ɔfe, ne kotodwe a entumi nnyina pintinn . Sɛ wote ‘pop’ nnyigyei bi a efi kotodwe no mu reba a, ebetumi aba sɛ ntini bi atetew.
• Ofie ayaresa kwan `RICE` (home, nsukyenee, nhyɛso, sorokɔ) taa dɔɔso. Wobetumi de nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw nso adi dwuma.
• Ebia opira a emu yɛ den, titiriw nusu a emu dɔ, behia oprehyɛn (Knee Arthroscopy) , nanso eyi ntaa mma.
• ‘Mma ɛyaw no nkɔ so.’ Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den a, kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu ntɛm ara.
• Siw ano ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so. Ɛho hia sɛ wo ho yɛ hyew, wo ho dwo, wode ahobammɔ nnwinnade di dwuma, na wutie wo nipadua.
• Mpɛn pii no, wubetumi ho atɔ wo koraa afi eyi mu. Enti mma ɛnhaw wo, sɛ wosa wo yare yiye, wogye w’ahome, na wohwɛ wo yiye a, wubetumi asan akɔ w’asetra a ɛte saa mu.

Kae sɛ wo kotodwe som bo paa ma wo. Enti, ɛyɛ w’asɛyɛde sɛ wobɛhwɛ so. Sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase da sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo bɛkasa.

` Kotodwe, Kotodwe a Wɔbɔ, Kotodwe mu Nyarewa, Agumadi mu Opira, Kotodwe mu Ɛyaw, Kotodwe a Ɛhonhon, (Hyperextended Knee)