So wowɔ hormone a wɔfrɛ no prolactin a ɛdɔɔso wɔ wo nipadua mu? Momma yɛnka hyperprolactinemia ho asɛm!

So woasusuw sɛnea nneɛma pii betumi asi wɔ nsakrae ketewaa bi a ɛba wo nipadua mu hormone ahorow bi mu no ho pɛn? Ɛno ne tebea a yɛbɛka ho asɛm nnɛ, a wɔfrɛ no hyperprolactinemia. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi ne bere a wo mogya mu hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no prolactin dɔɔso dodo. Saa hormone yi na ɛma nufu no nyin na ɛma nufusu yɛ kɛse. Saa tebea yi nyɛ nea ɛde nkwa to asiane mu, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi de ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ awo a wontumi nwo aba na asiw wo kwan sɛ wobɛtra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ. Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ, aduru bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa no.

Saa tebea yi abu so dɛn?

Nokwarem no, tebea a wɔfrɛ no hyperprolactinemia yi ntaa mma saa. Ɛka nnipa dodow a ennu 1%. Nanso, ɛda adi sɛ mmea benya saa tebea yi sen mmarima.

Dɛn ne eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Ma ɛntena w’adwene mu sɛ, ebia nnipa binom benya hyperprolactinemia nanso wɔrenna sɛnkyerɛnne biara adi, anaasɛ ebia sɛnkyerɛnne no bɛyɛ mmerɛw koraa. Nanso, sɛnkyerɛnne kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a ɛtaa ba a ebetumi aba wɔ tebea yi mu, a onipa no mfa ho.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba a ɛka obiara

Eyinom betumi aba obiara so, ɛmfa ho sɛ ɔyɛ ɔbarima anaa ɔbea:

• Mmofra a ɛyɛ den (awo a wontumi nwo) : Eyi ne ɔhaw titiriw no.
• Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho akɔnnɔ a ɛba fam : Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho anigye so tew.
• Nnompe a ɛso tew (osteopenia) : Eyi betumi ama nnompe ayɛ mmerɛw bere a bere kɔ so no.
• Nufusu a efi nufu mu bere a wunnyinsɛn anaasɛ womma nufu (`galactorrhea`) : Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ nwonwa kakra, nanso ɛyɛ sɛnkyerɛnne nso.

Su ahorow a ɛfa mmea ho pɔtee

Wɔ mmea fam no, wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛtaa ba yi akyi no, sɛnkyerɛnne pɔtee afoforo pii betumi aba:

• Nsakrae a ɛba brayɛ mu a ɛne brayɛ a gyae (ɔsram biara nna a wogyae) nni abusuabɔ : Eyi kyerɛ sɛ brayɛ no nyɛ nea ɛkɔ so daa anaasɛ egyae koraa. Ebia worenkɔ bra asram pii.
• Ɛyaw a ɛba bere a obi reda esiane ɔbea awotwaa a ɛyɛ kusuu nti : Eyi nso yɛ biribi a ɛma mmea pii ho nyɛ wɔn dɛ.

Su horow a ɛfa mmarima ho pɔtee

Ɛsono sɛnea tebea no ka mmarima. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba a ebia wobehu ni:

• Erectile dysfunction (ED) : Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ obenya ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna.
• Testosterone dodow a ɛso tew : Eyi yɛ hormone a ɛho hia wɔ ɔbarima nipadua mu.
• Nufu a ɛtrɛw (`gynecomastia`) : Ɔbarima nufu a enyin ma ɛyɛ te sɛ ɔbea de.

Dɛn nti na eyi rekɔ so? Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ nea enti a prolactin dodow kɔ soro saa. Ebetumi aba sɛ nneɛma pii nti na ɛte saa.

• Prolactinoma a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu: Eyi ne ade titiriw nti. `(Prolactinoma)` yɛ akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram (benign) (`adenoma`) a ɛkɔ so wɔ `(Pituitary gland)` mu wɔ w'amemene mu. Saa akisikuru yi ma hormone prolactin no yɛ nea ɛboro so.
• Pituitary akisikuru afoforo : Prolactinoma akyi no, akisikuru akɛse afoforo a ɛwɔ pituitary gland no mu anaa nea ɛbɛn hɔ nso betumi ama prolactin dodow akɔ soro. Eyi ba efisɛ akisikuru no siw nnuru bi a wɔfrɛ no dopamine a ɛkɔ pituitary gland no mu no kwan. Dopamine yɛ hormone a ɛhwɛ prolactin a wɔyɛ so.
• Nnuru bi : Nnuru bi a wɔfrɛ no dopamine ma prolactin a wɔyɛ no so tew. Enti, aduru biara a ɛka dopamine a wɔyɛ no betumi ama wo prolactin dodow akɔ soro. Nnuru yi bi ne:
• Nnuru a wɔde siw awo ano
• Nnuru bi a wɔde sa adwenemyare, te sɛ Risperidone ne Haloperidol
• Nnuru a wɔde sa mogya mmoroso, te sɛ methyldopa ne verapamil
• Nnuru a wɔde sa komayare ne yafunu mu akisikuru (GERD) (e.g. H2 antihistamines) .
• Nnuru a wɔde sa adwenemhaw, te sɛ nnuru a wɔde kum adwenemhaw a ɛyɛ tricyclic ne SSRI
• Nnuru a wɔde sa brayɛ ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ estrogen ayaresa
• Nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru ne ɔfe (antiemetics) .
• Nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw a opioid wom

Nea ɛho hia : Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo kasa ansa na woagyae nnuru biara a wonom. Mpɛn pii no, prolactin dodow san kɔ sɛnea na ɛte kan no mu wɔ nnansa kosi anan akyi bere a wɔagyae aduru no.

• Akwahosan tebea afoforo : Sɛ wonni prolactinoma mpo a, tebea afoforo bi betumi ama prolactin dodow akɔ soro. Tebea horow a ɛtete saa no bi ne:
• Koko fasu ho opira (sɛ nhwɛso no, mparow a ɛpaapae) .
• Asaabo mu yare a enni sabea
• mmerɛbo mu yare a enni sabea
• Cushing yare no
• Hypothyroidism (thyroid a ɛnyɛ adwuma) .
• Herpes zoster (shingles), titiriw sɛ akisikuru/nsonsonoe pue wɔ moma so a
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) a ɛma obi nya awotwaa mu ntini pii (PCOS) .

Na sɛ wuntumi nhu nea enti a ɛte saa nso ɛ?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a nnuruyɛfo ntumi nhu nea ɛde eyi ba. Sɛ ɛba saa a, wɔfrɛ no "idiopathic hyperprolactinemia." Mpɛn pii no, eyi kɔ a wɔmfa ayaresa nka ho wɔ asram kakraa bi mu.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde asiane ba?

Asiane biako pɛ a wonim sɛ ɛde hyperprolactinemia ba ne tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1 (MEN1). MEN1 yɛ awosu mu tebea a ebetumi ama obi anya prolactinoma.

Sɛ obi wɔ w'abusua mu (onua, onuabaa, ɔwofoɔ) wɔ `MEN1` a, ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wobɛyɛ awosuo mu nhwehwɛmu. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu `(Prolactinoma)` ntɛm.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi pɛpɛɛpɛ?

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ade a oduruyɛfo bɛyɛ ne sɛ ɔbɛyɛ prolactin (PRL) mogya mu nhwehwɛmu.

Sɛ nea efi mu ba no si so dua sɛ wowɔ hyperprolactinemia a, ade a edi hɔ ne sɛ wubehu nea ɛde ba. Wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu foforo ne mfoniniyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu (te sɛ MRI scan).

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow no?

Ayaresa no gyina nea ɛde ba no so. Sɛ wo prolactin dodow dɔɔso nanso wo sɛnkyerɛnne no nyɛ den a, ebia wunhia ayaresa.

Prolactinoma a wɔde sa yare

Eyi ne ade a ɛtaa de ba. Enti akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sa:

• Nnuru : Dopamine agonists hwɛ wo prolactin dodow so. Saa nnuru yi nso tu mpɔn kɛse wɔ prolactinoma akisikuru a ɛtew so no mu. Eyi ne aduru a wɔtaa de sa prolactinoma.
• Oprehyɛn : Sɛ wɔde nnuru ma prolactinoma no ntew a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn de yi fi hɔ.
• Radiation therapy : Eyi yɛ ɔkwan a ɛto so abiɛsa a wɔntaa mfa nni dwuma. Wɔde di dwuma bere a akwan afoforo ntumi nyɛ yiye nkutoo.

Sɛ ɛyɛ aduru no nti a...

Sɛ wohu sɛ wo prolactin dodow dɔɔso esiane aduru bi a worenom nti a, wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw wo aduru foforo a ɛrennya wo prolactin dodow so nkɛntɛnso kɛse.

Hokwan ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ne ho bɛtɔ no?

Mpɛn pii no, hyperprolactinemia yɛ yiye efisɛ wɔsa nea ɛde ba no yiye.

Ɛwom sɛ eyi nyɛ nea ɛde nkwa to asiane mu de, nanso ebetumi de ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ awo a wontumi nwo ne brayɛ a ɛnkɔ so daa aba, enti sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohwehwɛ ayaresa.

Nsɛmmisa a ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa wo duruyɛfo

Sɛ wowɔ hyperprolactinemia a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm yi:

• Adɛn nti na eyi too me?
• Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ?
• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ?
• Mfaso ne ɔhaw ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ ayaresa biara a wobetumi apaw so?
• So wobedi m’awo a wontumi nwo ho haw no ho dwuma wɔ saa ayaresa yi akyi?

Hyperprolactinemia betumi aka w’asetra pa na asiw wo kwan sɛ wobɛwo mma. Nanso nea eye sen biara ne sɛ wobetumi adi ho dwuma yiye. Sɛ wowɔ saa tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Afei mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den betumi ahwɛ wo prolactin dodow.

Awiei koraa no, nea ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Hwɛ, hyperprolactinemia yɛ prolactin hormone a ɛkɔ soro wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Eyi betumi de ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ mmofra a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobenyinsɛn, nna ho akɔnnɔ a ɛso tew, brayɛ a ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ mmea mu, ne nna mu ahoɔden a wontumi nna wɔ mmarima mu aba .

Nea ɛde eyi ba titiriw ne akisikuru a wɔfrɛ no ``Prolactinoma`` a ɛba wɔ pituitary gland no mu. Nnuru bi ne nyarewa afoforo nso betumi de tebea yi aba .

Nha wo ho! Ayaresa pa wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa eyi. Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi. Afei wubetumi ahu nea ɛde ba ankasa na woafi ayaresa a ɛfata wo yiye no ase. Ɛho hia yiye sɛ wobɛhwɛ w’akwahosan so.

` Prolactin, Hyperprolactinemia, Pituitary gland, Nkwammoaa a ɛnkari pɛ, Awo a wontumi nwo, Galactorrhea, Prolactinoma