Hyperthyroidism: So eyi nti na wo mu duru so retew na wo ho yeraw wo?

So wote nka nso sɛ wo mu duru so retew kɛkɛ nnansa yi? Ɛmfa ho sɛnea wudidi no, wuntumi nnya mu duru? So wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ wo koma rebɔ, wo bo fuw wɔ nneɛma nketenkete ho, na wo ho fifiri bere nyinaa? Ebia wubesusuw sɛ ɛyɛ adwennwen a wowɔ nnansa yi nti. Nanso eyinom betumi ayɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ‘Hyperthyroidism’ ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm tiawa, wɔ ɔkwan a wubetumi ate ase so.

Dɛn ne saa hyperthyroidism yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, hyperthyroidism yɛ bere a thyroid ntini a ɛte sɛ ntontom a ɛwɔ yɛn kɔn mu no yɛ adwuma boro so na ɛma thyroid hormone pii ba no. Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ ‘thyroid a ɛyɛ adwuma boro so’.

Fa yɛn nipadua no sɛ kar. Accelerator a ɛhwɛ engine ahoɔhare (metabolism) a ɛwɔ kar yi mu so ne thyroid hormone. Mpɛn pii no, saa afiri a ɛma ahoɔhare yi yɛ adwuma wɔ ɔkwan a wɔahyɛ so. Nanso wɔ hyperthyroidism mu no, ɛte sɛ nea obi atiatia saa afiri a ɛma nneɛma yɛ ntɛmntɛm yi so. Afei biribiara a ɛkɔ so wɔ nipadua no mu, efi koma bɔ so kosi aduan a wɔyam so no fi ase kɔ so ntɛmntɛm. Eyi nti na wote nka sɛ woabrɛ na wo ho ntɔ wo.

Nkwammoaa atitiriw a ɛhwɛ yɛn nipadua no mu nneɛma a ɛsakra so, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛnea aduan a yedi no dan ahoɔden ne thyroxine (T4) ne triiodothyronine (T3) . Wɔnam hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) a efi pituitary gland a ɛwɔ amemene no mu no so kyerɛ thyroid gland no sɛ ɛnyɛ saa hormone ahorow yi. Wɔ hyperthyroidism mu no, saa T3 ne T4 hormone ahorow yi fi nipadua no mu boro so.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛtaa ba wɔ hyperthyroidism ho?

Esiane sɛ hyperthyroidism ka yɛn nipadua nyinaa nti, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne pii betumi ada adi. Ebia wowɔ eyinom mu kakraa bi pɛ, anaasɛ ebia wubenya pii bere koro mu. Saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi afi ase mpofirim anaasɛ bere kɔ so no, ɛbɛkɔ so nkakrankakra.

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na ayɛ mmerɛw sɛ yɛbɛte ase no, momma yɛnhwɛ saa su ahorow yi wɔ pon bi so.

Dɛn nti na hyperthyroidism ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?

Nneɛma atitiriw pii na ɛde hyperthyroidism ba.

• Graves yare: Eyi ne nea ɛtaa de ba. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, yɛn nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no kɔ haywire na ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛnteɛ kɔ thyroid gland no so sɛ ‘ɛnyɛ hormone pii’. Eyi yɛ tebea a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa. Sɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu wɔ thyroid yare anaa nyarewa afoforo a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya saa tebea yi.
• Thyroid nodules: Nkuruwankuruwa nketenkete a ɛba thyroid ntini no so. Saa akuru yi bi fi ase yɛ hormone ahorow wɔ wɔn ankasa mu. Ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi koraa sɛ saa akuru yi bɛyɛ kokoram.
• Thyroiditis: Thyroid ntini a ɛyɛ hyew anaasɛ ɛho ahonhon. Eyi betumi ama nkwaadɔm a wɔde asie wɔ ntini no mu no akɔ mogya no mu mpofirim, na ama obi anya thyroid a ɛboro so bere tiaa bi. Sɛ tebea no sa a, ebia ntini no rentumi nyɛ adwuma yiye, na ɛde hypothyroidism aba.
• Iodine a wɔnom boro so: Iodine ho hia na ama wɔanya thyroid hormone ahorow. Nanso, sɛ obi nom nnuru anaa nnuan bi (te sɛ ɛpo mu nnuan) a iodine wom pii a, ebetumi akanyan ntini no ma ayɛ hormone pii.
• Pituitary adenoma: Eyi yɛ ade a ɛntaa nsi koraa. Akisikuru ketewaa bi a ɛba amemene no mu ntini a ɛwɔ amemene no mu no ma TSH dɔɔso dodo, na ɛhyɛ thyroid ntini no ma ɛkɔ so yɛ hormone ahorow.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu eyi, Oduruyɛfo?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, wobedi nneɛma pii akyi de ahu yare no.

1. Nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu: Nea edi kan no, oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ wo. Wɔbɛhwehwɛ nneɛma te sɛ thyroid gland a ahonhon wɔ wo kɔn mu, koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm, nsa a ɛrewosow, ne honam ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.

2. Thyroid mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyi ne nhwehwɛmu a ɛho hia na ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ sen biara. Ɛhwɛ sɛnea T3, T4, ne TSH hormone dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no te. Mpɛn pii no, obi a ɔwɔ hyperthyroidism no T3 ne T4 dodow kɔ soro, bere a TSH dodow taa sua .

3. 3. .Thyroid antibody mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Saa nhwehwɛmu yi boa ma wohu sɛ ebia Graves yare no na ɛde tebea yi ba anaa.

4. Nhwehwɛmu afoforo: Sɛ ɛho hia a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ biribi te sɛ thyroid ultrasound anaa radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) nhwehwɛmu. Mma ɛnhaw wo, wo duruyɛfoɔ bɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu akyerɛ wo.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa hyperthyroidism?

Nea eye sen biara ne sɛ hyperthyroidism yɛ tebea a wotumi sa na wotumi di ho dwuma. Wo duruyɛfo begyina nea ɛde wo tebea no ba ne ne tebea so akyerɛ ayaresa a eye sen biara ama wo.

Sɛ wɔansa wɔn yare a, dɛn na ɛba?

Eyi ho hia paa. Sɛ wɔannya hyperthyroidism a, ebetumi de nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den aba.

• Komayare: Tebea horow te sɛ atrial fibrillation (Afib) ne koma a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.
• Awo a wontumi nwo
• Ɔyare a ɛma obi hwe ase (Ischemic stroke) .
• Nnompe mu yare: Nnompe yɛ mmerɛw na ɛnyɛ den sɛ ebebubu, sɛ obi hwe ase kakra mpo a.

Ɔhaw a ɛyɛ hu sen biara na ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu wɔ eyi mu ne ‘Thyroid Storm’ . Eyi ne bere a thyroid hormone ahorow a ɛkɔ soro mpofirim no fi nipadua no mu. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no bi ne atiridiinini a ano yɛ den ne koma a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm. Eyi yɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ. Sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara.

So ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye wɔ aduan ne anonne ho?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, nnuan a iodine pii wom (po mu nnuan, ɛpo mu nnua, krak, shrimp, nkyene a iodine wom) pii a wobedi no betumi ama tebea yi asɛe kɛse. Enti ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo aduan a iodine nnim akyerɛ wo.

Nanso kae sɛ, worentumi nsa yare yi denam w’aduan a wubedi so nkutoo so. Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ aduruyɛ ho ayaresa ho hia. Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn ansa na woayɛ nsakrae kɛse biara wɔ w’aduan mu.

Sɛ obi nya yare foforo a, ebetumi ayɛ adwennwen. Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ hyperthyroidism yɛ tebea a wobetumi asa na wɔadi ho dwuma. Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo nipadua retu mmirika dodo a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Obetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛho hia na wama wo ayaresa a wuhia na ama wo nipadua no asan akari pɛ.