So w’abam abu wɔ w’adaeso a ɛne sɛ wobɛwo akokoaa no nso ho? Momma yɛnka awo a wontumi nwo ho asɛm.

Ebia wo ne wo kunu aso dae sɛ mobɛwo akokoaa akyɛ. Nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛmfa ho mmɔden biara a wobɛbɔ no, ebetumi aka akyi kakra na ama saa dae no abam. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte awerɛhow ne dadwen nka bere a ɛba saa no. Nanso ɛnyɛ wo nkutoo na wowɔ. Yɛfrɛ saa tebea yi ``Infertility``. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm kɔ akyiri, tiawa koraa.

Dɛn ne Awo a Wontumi Nwo? Momma yɛnte ase kɛkɛ!

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, awo a wontumi nnyinsɛn esiane tebea bi a ɛwɔ w’awo mu nti. Eyi betumi aka obiara, na nneɛma pii betumi ama aba saa. Abofra a wubenyinsɛn no nyɛ mmerɛw sɛnea wususuw no. Ɛhwehwɛ anammɔn kakraa bi a ɛsɛ sɛ wodi akyi.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so:

• Nea edi kan no, ɛsɛ sɛ w’amemene no yɛ awo mu nkwaadɔm . Saa nkwaadɔm yi hwɛ sɛnea awotwaa no yɛ adwuma.
• Afei, ɛsɛ sɛ ɛmo bi nyin wɔ wo mmadwoa biako mu .
• Ɛsɛ sɛ woyi saa nkesua a ɛho akokwaw no fi awotwaa no mu . Yɛfrɛ eyi ovulation.
• Afei, ɛsɛ sɛ wugye saa nkesua yi fi wo fallopian tube mu .
• Saa bere yi nyinaa, ɛsɛ sɛ mmadwoa no fa ɔbea no awotwaa no mu na ɛfa awotwaa no mu kɔ awotwaa no mu .
• Ɛhɔ no, ɛsɛ sɛ mmadwoa no ne nkesua no bom (ɛwo) ma ɛyɛ awotwaa .
• Awiei koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ saa awotwaa yi sian fa awotwaa no mu na ɔde ne ho hyɛ awotwaa no fasu mu .

Sɛ ade biako ankɔ yiye wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu a, nyinsɛn rensi.

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wunnii mfe 35 na wunnyinsɛn wɔ afe biako (asram 12) a wode wo ho hyɛɛ nna mu daa a wɔammɔ ho ban akyi , oduruyɛfo betumi asusuw sɛ wuntumi nwo. Sɛ woadi mfe 35 anaa nea ɛboro saa na woabɔ mmɔden asram asia a ankosi hwee a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu.

Awo a wontumi nwo yɛ tebea a abu so kɛse sen sɛnea ebia wubesusuw. Nanso asɛmpa no ne sɛ, ayaresa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ nnɛ a ebetumi aboa nnipa pii a wɔwɔ anidaso sɛ wobefi wɔn abusua ase anaasɛ wɔbɛtrɛw mu.

Dɛn ne awo a wontumi nwo?

Wobetumi akyekyɛ awo a wontumi nwo mu ayɛ no ahorow atitiriw pii:

• Awo a wontumi nwo titiriw: Sɛ wunnyinsɛn abofra da, na woabɔ mmɔden afe biako (sɛ woadi boro mfe 35 a, asram 6) na wunnyaa abofra a, ɛhyɛ saa kuw yi mu.
• Awo a wontumi nwo a ɛto so abien: Eyi ne bere a woawo abofra biako dedaw yiye na afei wuntumi nyinsɛn bio.
• Awo a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔ sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia nyinaa akyi no, wontumi nhu nea enti pɔtee bi a enti ontumi nnyinsɛn.

Awo a wontumi nwo abu so dɛn?

Saa tebea yi ka mmarima ne mmea nyinaa. Nokwarem no, ɛtaa ba sen sɛnea ebia wubesusuw. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ United States no, mmea baanum biara a wɔadi fi mfe 15 kosi 49 mu biako nya awo a wontumi nwo titiriw. Na mmea 20 biara mu biako nya awo a wontumi nwo a ɛto so abien. Wɔ wiase nyinaa no, awarefo bɛyɛ ɔpepem 48 na wontumi nwo. Enti wubetumi ahu, eyi yɛ ɔhaw a ɛka nnipa pii.

Dɛn ne awo a wontumi nwo ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne nyinsɛn a wontumi nnyinsɛn wɔ asram asia anaa afe biako a wɔde wɔn ho ahyɛ nna mu daa a wɔmmɔ ho ban akyi . Ebia sɛnkyerɛnne foforo biara nni hɔ. Nanso, mmea anaa mmarima binom betumi anya nipadua mu sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ:

• Ɛyaw a ɛba akyi berɛmo anaa yafunu mu .
• Mogya a ɛba awotwaa mu a ɛnkɔ so daa, brayɛ a ɛnkɔ so daa, anaasɛ brayɛ a ɛyera koraa .
• Penile disorders anaa nsɛm a ɛfa ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna ho .

Dɛn na ɛma obi ntumi nwo?

Nneɛma pii betumi ama obi ntumi nwo. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ɛyɛ den sɛ wubenya mmuae tiawa bi a ɛkyerɛ nea enti a wuntumi nwo akokoaa. Oduruyɛfo nkutoo na obetumi ahu nea ɛde ba ankasa na wahu ayaresa a eye ma wo.

Ɛmfa ho nea enti a ɛte saa no, nhwehwɛmu ahorow ada no adi sɛ:

• Nneɛma a ɛde awo a wontumi nwo ba no mu 33% fi mmea hɔ.
• Nneɛma a ɛde awo a wontumi nwo ba no mu 33% fi mmarima hɔ.
• Awo a wontumi nwo no mu 33% a aka no fi ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ afã abien no nyinaa anaa nneɛma a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu.

Wɔ awarefo binom mu no, ebia nea ɛboro biako na ɛde awo a wontumi nwo na ɛba.

Asiane a ɛtaa ba sɛ obi ntumi nwo

Nneɛma bi a ɛde ba no ka onipa biako pɛ, bere a afoforo nso betumi aka abien no nyinaa. Asiane ahorow bi a ɛtaa ba a ebetumi ama obi ntumi nwo ni:

• Mfe : Titiriw ma mmea a wɔadi mfe 30 anaa 40 awiei. Mfe a wɔadi fi ase nya mmarima awo so nkɛntɛnso bere a wɔrebɛn mfe 50 no.
• Adidi mu haw : Tebea ahorow te sɛ `(Anorexia nervosa)` ne `(bulimia)`.
• Nsã a wɔnom boro so .
• Awuduru a ɛwɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu : Nneɛma te sɛ nnuru, kɔbere, nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no dodo .
• Mframa a wɔde sa yare anaa nnuru a wɔde sa yare a wɔde ma .
• Nyarewa a wonya fi nna mu (STIs) .
• Sigaretnom ne tawa nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma : Saa su yi na ɛma obi ntumi nwo 13% kosi 15%.
• Nnubɔne a wɔde di dwuma .
• Kɛse mmoroso dodo anaasɛ obi a ɔyɛ teateaa dodo .
• Nneɛma a ɛnteɛ wɔ amemene no mmeae a ɛma hormone (hypothalamus anaa pituitary gland) .
• Nyarewa a enni sabea .

Nneɛma a ɛde awo a wontumi nwo ba wɔ mmea mu

Ade titiriw a ɛma mmea ntumi nwo ne ovulation disorders . Ovulation yɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so yi nkesua fi wo mmadwoa mu ma ɛnam mmadwoa so ma ɛwo.

Saa nneɛma yi betumi ama mmea ntumi nwo:

• Endometriosis : Ntini a ɛyɛ awotwaa no mu (endometrium) a ɛwɔ awotwaa no akyi no nyin.
• Nneɛma a ɛnteɛ wɔ ɔbea awotwaa, awotwaa, anaa awotwaa mu ntini mu .
• Nyarewa a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa : Tebea te sɛ `(Celiac yare)` anaa `(Lupus)`.
• Asaabo mu yare .
• Yare a Ɛma Akisikuru (PID) .
• Hypothalamus ne pituitary gland mu ɔhaw ahorow .
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) a ɛma obi nya awotwaa mu ntini pii .
• Awotwaa titiriw a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye anaasɛ nkesua a ɛnyɛ papa .
• Sickle cell mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu .
• Awotwaa mu nhama anaa awotwaa mu ntini a ɛyɛ den .
• Thyroid nyarewa ahorow .
• Fallopian tubes a asiw esiane oprehyɛn a wɔadi kan ayɛ nti (awo a wontumi nwo oprehyɛn - `(tubal ligation)` anaa `(salpingectomy)`) .
• Awosu anaa nkwaadɔm mu nneɛma a ɛnteɛ .
• Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu dwumadi ho haw ahorow .
• Oprehyɛn anaa awo nti awotwaa a enni hɔ .
• Ɛntaa mma koraa anaasɛ ɛntaa mma koraa .

Nneɛma a ɛde mmarima a wontumi nwo ba

Nea ɛtaa ma mmarima ntumi nwo ne ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa mmadwoa nsusuwii, sɛnea ɛkɔ baabiara, anaa mmadwoa dodow a ɛba fam ho .

Ebia ntease afoforo bi ne:

• Ntini a atwa awotwaa no ho ahyia (wɔ kotoku a ɛkura awotwaa no mu) `(varicocele)` .
• Awosu mu nyarewa : te sɛ `(Cystic fibrosis)`.
• Nkwammoaa mu nkwaadɔm a ɛnteɛ : te sɛ `(Klinefelter syndrome)`.
• Ɔhyew a ɛboro so a ɛba mmadwoa no mu esiane ntade a ɛyɛ den a wɔhyɛ, nsu a ɛyɛ hyew ne sauna a wɔtaa de di dwuma, ne laptop anaa ɔhyew afiri a wɔde hyɛ awotwaa no so anaa ɛbɛn hɔ nti .
• Apirakuru a ɛba mmadwoa anaa awotwaa mu .
• Testosterone dodow a ɛba fam (hypogonadism) .
• Nnuru a wɔde yɛ anabolic steroid a wɔde di dwuma ɔkwammɔne so .
• Ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu dwumadi ho haw : te sɛ ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna a ɛnyɛ den, anejaculation, anejaculation, ntɛm a ɛba, anaasɛ retrograde ejaculation.
• Nkwaboaa a ensi fam .
• Esiane sɛ na wɔadi kan anya mframa a ano yɛ den anaa nnuru a wɔde sa kokoram nti .
• Nkwaboaa a enni hɔ esiane oprehyɛn anaa awo nti .
• Oprehyɛn a wɔadi kan ayɛ de asiw mmadwoa hama no ano (vasectomy) .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu awo a wontumi nwo wɔ mmea mu?

Nea edi kan no, wo duruyɛfo no bebisa wo aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm a edi mũ ne wo nna ho nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri.

Ɔbea awo gyina ovulation a ɛyɛ papa so. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ w’amemene no de hormone nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ awotwaa no mu, na ɛma ɛwo bi fi hɔ, fa awotwaa no mu sian, na ɛkɔ awotwaa no fasu ho. Awo ho sɔhwɛ ahorow hwehwɛ ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ saa nneɛma yi mu.

Saa sɔhwɛ ahorow yi betumi aboa ma wɔahu ɔhaw ahorow anaasɛ wɔasi so dua sɛ ɔhaw biara nni hɔ a ɛte saa:

• Pelvic exam : Oduruyɛfo no yɛ saa nhwehwɛmu yi de hwɛ sɛ ebia nhyehyɛe mu haw anaa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu : Wobetumi ahwɛ sɛnea hormone dodow te mu ahwɛ sɛ ebia hormone ahorow a ɛnkari pɛ ne sɛ ebia ovulation rekɔ so yiye anaa.
• Transvaginal ultrasound : Oduruyɛfo no de afiri bi a wɔde hwɛ awotwaa no mu de hwɛ sɛ ɔhaw ahorow bi wɔ awo nhyehyɛe no mu anaa.
• Hysteroscopy : Oduruyɛfo no de afiri a ɛyɛ tratraa a kanea wom (hysteroscope) hyɛ ɔbea no awotwaa no mu na ɔhwɛ awotwaa no mu.
• Saline sonohysterogram (SIS) : Oduruyɛfo no de nkyene (nkyene nsu a wɔayam) hyɛ w’awotwaa mu ma na ɔnam wo awotwaa mu yɛ ultrasound nhwehwɛmu.
• Sonohysterosalpingogram (HSG) : Wɔ (SIS) sɔhwɛ no mu no, oduruyɛfo no de nkyene ne mframa a ɛyɛ hu hyɛ awotwaa no mu ma de hwɛ sɛ ebia asiw anaa.
• X-ray hysterosalpingogram (HSG) : Wɔtwa X-ray mfonini a ɛkyerɛ aduru bi a wɔde fa awotwaa no mu de hwɛ sɛ ebia asiw anaa.
• Laparoscopy : Oduruyɛfo no twa yafunu no mu ketewaa bi na ɔde laparoscope (afiri teateaa a mfoninitwa afiri wom) fa mu. Eyi boa ma wohu ɔhaw ahorow te sɛ endometriosis, awotwaa mu ntini a ɛyɛ den, ne akuru ntini.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu mmarima a wontumi nwo?

Wɔtaa hu sɛ mmarima ntumi nwo denam hwɛ a wɔhwɛ sɛ ebia wɔretu mmadwoa a ahoɔden wom anaa. Awo ho nhwehwɛmu pii hwehwɛ ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ mmadwoa ho.

Ebia sɔhwɛ ahorow yi bɛboa:

• Semen analysis : Eyi hwɛ sɛ mmadwoa dodow sua na mmadwoa no ntumi nkɔ baabiara yiye anaa. Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ mmarima binom nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu wɔ nnade mu na ama wɔagye mmadwoa afi wɔn awotwaa mu akɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu : Eyinom tumi hwɛ thyroid ne hormone afoforo dodow. Awosu mu mogya mu nhwehwɛmu hwehwɛ sɛ nkwaboaa mu nkwaadɔm mu nneɛma a ɛnteɛ.
• Scrotal ultrasound: Sɛ wɔde ultrasound hwɛ awotwaa no mu a, ebetumi ahu varicoceles anaa awotwaa mu haw afoforo.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa awo a wontumi nwo?

Awo a wontumi nwo ho ayaresa gyina nea ɛde ba ne nea wohwɛ kwan so kɛse. Mfe a woadi, bere tenten a wode abɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛwo akokoaa, ne nea w’ankasa wopɛ nyinaa bedi dwuma wɔ ayaresa a wode bedi dwuma no ho gyinaesi mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɔhokafo biako pɛ na ohia ayaresa, bere a mmere foforo nso, ɔhokafo baanu no nyinaa hia ayaresa.

Mpɛn pii no, mmea ne awarefo a wontumi nwo no wɔ hokwan kɛse sɛ wɔbɛwo akokoaa. Wobetumi anya mmoa wɔ nneɛma te sɛ nnuru, oprehyɛn, anaa awo ho mfiridwuma a wɔboa (ART) ho. Mpɛn pii no, asetra mu nsakrae a wɔyɛ anaa nsakrae a wɔyɛ wɔ mpɛn dodow ne bere a wɔde da no mu no betumi ama hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛwo akokoaa no ayɛ kɛse. Ɛtɔ da bi a, wɔde akwan yi mu bɛboro baako na ɛka bom.

Awo a wontumi nwo ho ayaresa ma mmea

Ayaresa a wɔde sa mmea no bi ne:

• Asetra mu nsakrae : Sɛ wo mu duru so tew anaasɛ wo mu duru yɛ kɛse, wugyae sigaretnom anaa nnubɔnenom, na wudi akwahosan ho tebea afoforo so a, ebetumi ama hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wobɛwo akokoaa no ayɛ kɛse.
• Nnuru : Nnuru a wɔde ma awo no kanyan awotwaa no ma ɛma nkesua pii fi mu, na ɛma hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛwo akokoaa no yɛ kɛse.
• Oprehyɛn : Wobetumi ayɛ oprehyɛn de abue awotwaa mu ntini a asiw, ayi polyps, fibroids, anaa akuru ntini afi hɔ.

Nnuruyɛfo nso betumi akyerɛ akwan a wobɛfa so ama hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wubenyinsɛn abofra no ayɛ kɛse. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Wubetumi anya bere a woreyɛ ovulating ho adwene denam wo basal body temperature a wobɛsusuw, fertility tracking app a wode bedi dwuma, na woakyerɛw wo cervical mucus no so.
• Sɛ wode ofie ovulation kit a ɛwɔ nnurutɔnbea anaa intanɛt so di dwuma a, ebetumi aboa ma woahu bere a ovulation bɛba.

Awo a wontumi nwo a wɔsa ma mmarima

Ayaresa a wɔde sa mmarima no bi ne:

• Nnuru : Wobetumi ama nnuru a ɛbɛma testosterone anaa hormone afoforo dodow akɔ soro. Nnuru bi nso wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna mu ɔhaw a ɛboa ma ɔbarima no akyi berɛmo no gyina hɔ bere a ɔne obi reda.
• Oprehyɛn : Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ mmarima binom oprehyɛn de bue nhama a asiw ntini a ɛde mmadwoa kɔ no mu anaasɛ wɔde siesie nhyehyɛe mu haw ahorow. Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ ma varicocele betumi ama mmadwoa akwahosan atu mpɔn na ama hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenyinsɛn abofra no ayɛ kɛse.

Dɛn ne awo ho ayaresa a wɔtaa de di dwuma?

Awarefo binom hia mmoa foforo na wɔatumi awo akokoaa denam awo ho mfiridwuma a wɔboa (ART) so. ART yɛ awo ho ayaresa biara a oduruyɛfo de di dwuma wɔ mmadwoa anaa nkesua mu. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wobɛwo akokoaa no ayɛ kɛse no, wubetumi anom nnuru a ɛbɛkanyan ovulation ansa na woasɔ akwan yi biako ahwɛ.

• In vitro fertilization (IVF) : Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wubeyi nkesua afi wo mmadwoa mu na wode afra mmadwoa mu wɔ aduruyɛdan mu. Afei mmadwoa no ma nkesua no nyinsɛn. Afei oduruyɛfo de nkesua (nkwaboaa) a wɔahyɛ no ma yi mu biako kosi abiɛsa kɔ w’awotwaa mu.
• Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) : Wobetumi ayɛ saa adeyɛ yi bere a wɔreyɛ IVF no. Nkwaboaa ho ɔbenfo de mmadwoa biako gu ɛmo mu tẽẽ. Afei wɔde nkwaboaa biako kosi abiɛsa kɔ awotwaa no mu.
• Intrauterine insemination (IUI): Oduruyɛfo de afiri tenten a ɛyɛ tratraa di dwuma de mmadwoa hyɛ w’awotwaa mu tẽẽ . Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔfrɛ IUI sɛ afiri a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu.
• Assisted hatching : Adeyɛ a ɛma awotwaa bi akyi fã no bue, na ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔde bɛhyɛ awotwaa no fasu mu.
• ART a ɛto so abiɛsa : Awarefo binom de nkesua a wɔde ma, mmadwoa a wɔde ma, anaa nkwaboaa a wɔde ma di dwuma. Awarefo binom hia obi a ɔsoa akokoaa no wɔ nyinsɛn mu anaa obi a obesi ananmu ama wasoa akokoaa no.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi ayaresa mu aba?

Ayaresa a wɔde sa awo a wontumi nwo no betumi de nsɛnnennen te sɛ:

• Asiane a ɛkɔ soro sɛ wobenya awo pii (mmanoma, mma abiɛsa, anaa nea ɛboro saa) : Nkesua pii a wɔyɛ ne nkwaboaa bɛboro biako a wɔde kɔ baabi foforo no ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya nyinsɛn pii no yɛ kɛse. Nsɛnnennen te sɛ nyinsɛn a wotu gu, awo a ɛba ntɛm, awo mu duru a ɛba fam, mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo a wowuwu, ne akwahosan ho haw ahorow a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ abu so wɔ mmea a wɔsoa nyinsɛn pii mu.
• Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) : Tebea a ɛma awotwaa no hohoro yaw esiane nnuru a ɛma awo nti. Eyi betumi ayɛ aniberesɛm na egye ayaresa ntɛm ara.
• Nyinsɛn a ɛwɔ awotwaa no akyi: Asiane kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ nyinsɛn a ɛwɔ awotwaa no akyi bere a wɔde IVF resa no.
• Failed cycles : Nyinsɛn a wontumi nnya bere a wɔawie ayaresa no kyinhyia bi akyi.

So wobetumi asa awo a wontumi nwo?

Yiw, nanso egyina nea ɛde ba no so. In between 85% and 90% of cases , ɔbea betumi anyinsɛn abofra denam asetra mu nsakrae, nnuru, ART, anaa oprehyɛn a ɔde sa awo a wontumi nwo no so.

Kae: Awo a wontumi nwo nyɛ wiase awiei. Ɛnnɛ aduruyɛ ho nyansahu a ɛkɔ anim nti, nnipa pii atumi anya ɔhaw yi ano aduru.

Dɛn na metumi ayɛ de asiw awo a wontumi nwo ano?

Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na woabɔ w’awo ho ban, titiriw bere a worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wubenyinsɛn no, wubetumi ayɛ nneɛma yi:

• Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ na kura mu duru a ɛfata a ɛfata wo.
• Nnom sigaret, mfa nnubɔne nni dwuma ɔkwammɔne so, na nnom nsa .
• Nya nna mu nyarewa (STIs) ayaresa .
• To awuduru a ɛwɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu no ano hye .
• Kɔ so yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, nanso ntra so .
• Mfa mma a wobɛwo no nhyɛ da nkɔsi sɛ wobɛnyinyin .
• Susuw akwan a wɔfa so kora awo so (nkwaa anaa mmadwoa a wɔde gu nwini mu) ho .

Sɛ mintumi nwo a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ kwan?

Awarefo 10 biara mu bɛyɛ 9 a wɔyɛ wɔn awo ho ayaresa bɛwo mma. Ɛsono sɛnea wodi nkonim no gyina nea ɛde awo a wontumi nwo, mfe a awarefo no adi, ne nneɛma afoforo so.

Awo a wontumi nwo betumi ayɛ den wɔ adwene, nipadua, sikasɛm, ne adwene mu. Kae sɛ wobɛhwɛ wo ho ne wo hokafo wɔ saa adeyɛ yi nyinaa mu, na nya abotare . Awo a wontumi nwo nyɛ mmerɛw. Enti fa nnipa a wɔboa wo twa wo ho hyia, anaa kɔka kuw bi a wɔboa wo wɔ intanɛt so ho. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebetumi aboa wo paa sɛ wobɛka wo nkate ho asɛm akyerɛ obi a ɔte nea worefa mu no ase.

So insurance a wɔde tua ho ka wɔ hɔ a wɔde sa awo a wontumi nwo?

Ɛsono akwahosan ho insurance nhyehyɛe ahorow, enti ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne wo insurance adwumakuw no hwehwɛ bere nyinaa. Ebia eyi bɛyɛ soronko wɔ Sri Lanka. Nanso, sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ aman te sɛ United States mu no, insurance nnwumakuw pii de sika ma wɔ ayaresa a ɛho hia te sɛ oprehyɛn a wɔde sa endometriosis ne awotwaa mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ho. Nhyehyeɛ binom betumi afa awoɔ akwan te sɛ ``IUI'' ho, nanso ebia ɛnyɛ ``In vitro fertilization'' anaa ``IVF''.

Wɔ aman bi mu wɔ U.S. no, mmara bi wɔ hɔ a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ adwumawuranom de sika a wɔde tua awo a wontumi nwo ho ka ma sɛ wɔn adwumayɛfo akwahosan ho insurance nhyehyɛe ahorow no fã. Efi June 2022 no, Ɔman Awo a Wontumi Nwo Fekuw (Resolve) ka sɛ:

• Aman aduonu ahyɛ mmara a ɛfa insurance a wɔde tua awo ho; Saa mmara no mu 14 bi ne IVF a wɔde tua ho ka; na aman 12 wɔ mmara a wɔde kora awo so ma awo a wontumi nwo a aduruyɛ de ba (iatrogenic infertility).

Bere a ebia saa nsɛm yi mfa Sri Lanka ho de, nanso ɛho hia sɛ wohu sɛ mmeae a ɛtete saa wɔ wiase mmeae bi. Hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛhwɛ sɛ wo insurance krataa no tua saa nneɛma yi ho ka anaa.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ mmoa wɔ awo a wontumi nwo ho?

Ɛsɛ sɛ mmea a wonnii mfe 35 a wɔabɔ mmɔden afe biako na wonnyaa nyinsɛn kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Sɛ woadi fi mfe 35 kosi 39 a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ mmoa ntɛm ara bere a woabɔ mmɔden asram asia akyi. Sɛ woadi mfe 40 anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu bere a woabɔ mmɔden a ennu asram asia no. Hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wubenyinsɛn no so tew bere a woanyin no . Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɔbea a wadi mfe 25 wɔ hokwan 25% kosi 30% sɛ obenyinsɛn brayɛ bere biara. Edu bere a wudi mfe 40 no, saa hokwan no so tew kodu nea ennu 5% wɔ kyinhyia biara mu.

Ɛmfa ho sɛ woyɛ ɔbarima anaa ɔbea no, sɛ wowɔ asiane anaa ayaresa tebea bi a ebetumi aka w’awo a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ mmoa ntɛm ara. Sɛ wunim anaa wususuw sɛ wowɔ awotwaa mu yare ntɛm, endometriosis a emu yɛ den, anaa awotwaa/awotwaa mu yare a, ma wɔnyɛ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu ntɛm ara.

Ebia abusua nnuruyɛfo ne mmea ho animdefo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ kɔ awo ho ɔbenfo, ntini ho ɔbenfo, anaa awo mu ntini ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn na wahu awo a wontumi nwo na wɔasa.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Wubetumi abisa oduruyɛfo no nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• So ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ awo ho ɔbenfo nkyɛn?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ nhwehwɛmu hwɛ sɛ me ne me hokafo no nyinaa wɔ awo ho haw anaa?
• Ɛdenam mfe a yɛadi so no, ntɛm ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ awo ho nhwehwɛmu?
• Dɛn ne ayaresa a eye sen biara ma yɛn?
• Dɛn ne sɛnea ayaresa ahorow no di yiye?
• Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow no mu nsunsuanso bɔne anaa asiane ahorow?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mihu nsɛnnennen ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Nsɛmmisa nketewa kakraa bi bio...

So Chlamydia betumi ama obi ntumi nwo?

Chlamydia yɛ ɔyare mmoawa a wɔtaa nya fi nna mu. Sɛ wɔansa chlamydia a, ebetumi ama obi anya yare a ɛma obi ho hyehye no (PID). PID yɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ebetumi asɛe wo fallopian tubes, awotwaa, anaa ovaries daa. Enti, yiw, chlamydia yɛ asiane a ɛma obi ntumi nwo.

So akwan a wɔfa so siw awo ano betumi ama obi atumi awo?

Dabi, nhwehwɛmu ahorow ada no adi sɛ awo ano aduru a wode bedi dwuma no nsɛe wo daakye awo.

So Endometriosis na ɛma obi ntumi nwo?

Yiw, endometriosis yɛ asiane a ɛma obi ntumi nwo. Mmea a wɔwɔ endometriosis no mu 30% kosi 50% nya awo a wontumi nwo.

Awiei koraa no, susuw eyi ho (Take-Home Message) .

Osuahu a ɛfa awo a wontumi nwo ho no yɛ den. Ebetumi ayɛ adesoa kɛse ama obi a ɔdae sɛ obefi abusua ase anaasɛ ɔbɛtrɛw mu. Ebetumi aka w’abusuabɔ ne w’adwene mu akwahosan. Nea ɛka ho no, ayaresa a wɔde sa awo a wontumi nwo no betumi ayɛ nea ne bo yɛ den na ɛde sikasɛm mu adwennwen ba.

Sɛ woda so ara rehyia ɔhaw wɔ nyinsɛn mu ɛmfa ho mmɔden a wobɔ nyinaa a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Wobetumi ahu sɛ ebia biribi wɔ hɔ a ɛde ba na wɔne wo akasa afa ayaresa ahorow a ebia ɛfata wo ho.

Ade a ehia paa ne sɛ worennyae anidaso. Awiei koraa no, awarefo dodow no ara wo mma. Ebinom dan kɔ awo mfiridwuma a wɔboa so, afoforo nso yɛ wɔn mma. Wo nso wubehu ɔkwan a ɛyɛ adwuma ma wo.

Yɛpɛ sɛ monya ahoɔden ne akokoduru wɔ akwantuo yi mu!

` Awo a wontumi nwo, awo, nyinsɛn, awo akwahosan, IVF, IUI, mmea akwahosan