Sɛ obiara hu mogya wɔ ne nsu mu, titiriw wɔ abofra kumaa mu a, anka ehu bɛka no paa. Anaasɛ nneɛma te sɛ yafunu a ɛyɛ wo yaw bere nyinaa, yafunu a ɛyɛ wo yaw, ne sɛnea wote nka sɛ woayɛ mmerɛw no haw wo? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a eyinom betumi ayɛ awosu mu tebea bi a yɛbɛka ho asɛm a wɔfrɛ no Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS) ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Mma ehu mpo ɛwom mpo sɛ edin no te sɛ nea ɛyɛ den kakra de. Ɛwom sɛ eyi nyɛ tebea a ɛtaa ba de, nanso ɛho hia sɛ wohu. Momma yɛnka ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wubetumi ate ase so.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS)?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, JPS yɛ awosu mu tebea bi a ɛma nnɔbae nketenkete a wɔfrɛ no polyps sisi yɛn aduan mu ntini (yafunu mu (GI) kwan) afasu so . Eyinom te sɛ aba nketewa a ɛsensɛn dua ketewaa bi so.
Saa polyps yi tumi nyin wɔ baabiara wɔ aduan mu, nanso wɔtaa hu wɔ:
- Dwonku kɛse (colon) .
- Rectum a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu
Nea ɛka ho no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a wotumi nyin wɔ yafunu ne dwensɔtwaa ketewa no mu. Obi a ɔwɔ JPS betumi anya saa polyps yi pii, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛboro ɔha.
Sɛ yɛka sɛ "mmofra" a, so eyi kyerɛ sɛ eyi yɛ yare a ɛka mmofra nkumaa nkutoo?
Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a nnipa pii wɔ wɔn adwenem. Sɛ yɛte asɛmfua "mmofra" a, yɛdwen mmofra nkumaa ne mpanyimfo nkumaa ho. Nanso, wɔmfa asɛmfua no nni dwuma wɔ ha mfa nkyerɛ mfe a ɔyarefo no adi. Wogyina sɛnea saa polyps yi te wɔ microscope (sɛnea wɔn nkwammoaa te) so na ɛde edin no mae.
Nanso, nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ JPS ho sɛnkyerɛnne taa fi ase da adi ansa na wadi mfe 20 , kyerɛ sɛ, wɔ mmofraase anaa mmerantebere ne mmabaabere mu. Enti, obi betumi asusuw sɛ saa din yi fata kakra.
So JPS ahorow atitiriw bi wɔ hɔ?
Yiw, wobetumi akyekyɛ JPS mu ayɛ no ahorow atitiriw abiɛsa. Ɛsono ɔkwan biara so kakra. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.
| JPS Type | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Mmofra a wɔyɛ nkokoaa a wɔyɛ polyposis (JPI) . | Eyi ne nea emu yɛ den na ɛyɛ aniberesɛm sen biara wɔ JPS ahorow no mu.Korɔ. Eyi ka nkokoaa nkumaa ne mmofra nkumaa. |
| Mmofra polyposis a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so | Eyi ne JPS a wɔtaa de di dwuma . Wɔ saa su yi mu no, polyps betumi ayɛ kɛse wɔ baabiara wɔ aduan mu nhyehyɛe no mu (yafunu, dwensɔtwaa ketewaa, dwensɔtwaa kɛse). |
| Mmofra a wɔyɛ polyposis coli | Wɔ saa ɔkwan yi so no, polyps ba wɔ akyi berɛmo no mu nkutoo . |
So yare yi fi awosu mu?
Yiw, JPS yɛ awosu mu yare. Wɔde kɔ nipadua no mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ autosomal dominant so. Afei ebia woresusuw nea autosomal dominant yi kyerɛ ho.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi kyerɛ sɛ sɛ abofra nya awosu mu abɔde a ɛde yare yi ba no fi ɔwofo biako pɛ hɔ , ɛna anaa agya no mpo a, ɛdɔɔso sɛ abofra no benya saa tebea yi.
JPS ayarefo bɛyɛ 75% nya fi wɔn awofo hɔ wɔ saa kwan yi so. Nanso wɔ bɛyɛ 25% mu no, awosu mu nsakrae foforo a obiara nni abusua no mu nnyaa bi da na ɛde ba. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ obi betumi anya bi mpo sɛ obiara nni abusua no mu a ɔwɔ bi a.
Dɛn ne JPS ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?
Ade titiriw a ɛwɔ JPS mu ne polyps a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no. Eyinom nyin wɔ nipadua no mu, enti yentumi mfi akyi nhu wɔn. Nanso, ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ wobetumi ahu polyps bi wɔ akyi berɛmo no akyi.
Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi bere a polyps nyin wɔ kɛse anaa dodow mu no. Ɛyɛ saa polyps yi na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhaw yɛn ho wɔ ho.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a efi polyps mu ba |
|---|
| 🩸 Mogya a ɛba nsu mu anaa akyi berɛmo mu mogya: Eyi ne sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba na edi kan. |
| 😩 Te nka sɛ wayɛ mmerɛw na wabrɛ (Anemia): Saa tebea yi betumi aba esiane mogya dodow a ɛso tew wɔ nipadua no mu esiane mogya a ɛkɔ so tu nti. |
| 😖 Yafunu mu yaw anaa ɛyaw: Polyps betumi asɛe dwensɔtwaa no dwumadi na ama akisikuru. |
| 🚽 Atiridii anaa Akisikuru: Ɔkwan a wɔfa so dwensɔtwaa no betumi asesa. |
| 📉 Continued weight loss: Sɛ wo mu duru so tew a ntease biara nnim a, ɛsɛ sɛ ɛhaw wo. |
Su afoforo a ebia mmofra binom wɔ bere a wɔawo wɔn
JPS ayarefo bɛyɛ 15% betumi anya nipadua mu nneɛma afoforo a ɛnteɛ wɔ awo mu de aka polyps ho. Eyinom bi ne:
- Anom a ɛpaapae
- Nsateaa foforo a wobenya wɔ nsa ne anan so (Polydactyly) .
- Amemene, koma, ɔbarima ne ɔbea nna, anaa nsu a wɔde gu nipadua mu no nkɔso a ɛnteɛ
- Ntini a ɛkyinkyin (Malrotation) .
- Nsakrae a ɛba mogya ntini mu wɔ honam ani (Telangiectasia) .
So abusuabɔ bi wɔ JPS ne kokoram ho asiane ntam?
Eyi ho hia yiye na ɛyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ so. Mfiase no, polyps a JPS de ba no nyin sɛ akisikuru a ɛnyɛ kokoram (a ɛnyɛ papa) . Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ kokoram.
Nanso, nnipa a wɔwɔ JPS no wɔ asiane kɛse sɛ wobenya kokoram wɔ aduan mu kokoram sen afoforo. Eyi ne yare yi fã a asiane wom sen biara. Asiane no betumi ayɛ kɛse te sɛ 30% - 50%.
Kokoram a asiane kɛse wom:
- Kokoram a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu
- Yafunu mu kokoram
- Kokoram a ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa mu
- Kokoram a ɛba dwensɔtwaa nketenkete mu
Eyi nkyerɛ sɛ obiara a ɔwɔ JPS no benya kokoram. Nanso, esiane sɛ asiane no dɔɔso nti, ɛho hia sɛ wohu yare no wɔ bere a ɛfata mu, yi polyps, na wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu daa sɛnea oduruyɛfo no kyerɛ no. Afei wobetumi adi asiane yi so kɛse.
Dɛn nti na JPS ba? Dɛn ne nyansahu mu ntease?
JPS fi awosu mu nkwaadɔm abien a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no biako mu nsakrae, BMPR1A ne SMAD4 .
Fa no sɛ saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm abien yi yɛ "ahwɛfo" abien a wɔhwɛ yɛn nkwammoaa no adwuma so. Wɔn adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛka akyerɛ nkwammoaa sɛ, "Okay, kyekyɛ mprempren" ne "Okay, gyae mpaepaemu mprempren." Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so di nkwammoaa nyin so.
Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ JPS mu ne sɛ, sɛ wɔsakra saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm yi a, saa "ɔhwɛfo" no nyɛ adwuma yiye. Afei nkwammoaa no fi wɔn ho so. Wɔkyekyɛ mu ntɛmntɛm dodo, wɔboaboa wɔn ho ano, na wɔyɛ saa polyps a yɛkaa ho asɛm no.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu JPS?
Sɛ wowɔ JPS ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, wo duruyɛfo bedi kan ahwɛ wo na wabisa wo sɛnkyerɛnne ne sɛ ebia w’abusua mu obi anya tebea a ɛte saa ara anaa. Sɛ wobehu sɛ wowɔ JPS a, anyɛ yiye koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ wunya nea edidi so yi mu biako:
* Polyps anum anaa nea ɛboro saa a wowɔ wɔ wo dwensɔtwaa ne/anaasɛ wo akyi berɛmo mu.
* Polyps a ɛwɔ aduan mu nneɛma afoforo mu.
* Sɛ obi wɔ abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔwɔ JPS, ne polyps a ɛwɔ hɔ.
Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔyɛ ma eyi?
Oduruyɛfo no bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu pii akyerɛ de akyerɛ sɛ wɔahu yare no:
- Colonoscopy anaa Endoscopy: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde afiri a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a mfoninitwa afiri ne hann fa awotwaa no mu hyɛ mu de hwehwɛ dwensɔtwaa kɛse no mu. Eyi betumi aboa ma wɔahu sɛ ebia polyps wɔ hɔ, baabi a ɛwɔ, ne dodow a ɛwɔ hɔ anaa. Sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ yafunu no mu a, wɔde afiri no fa ano no mu (Upper GI Endoscopy).
- Awosu mu mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Wɔfa mogya bi na wɔsɔ awosu mu nsakrae a ɛde JPS ba no mu nhwehwɛmu.
Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa JPS?
Botae atitiriw a ɛwɔ JPS ayaresa mu ne sɛ wobeyi polyps afi hɔ, asiw sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so, na wɔatew kokoram ho asiane so. Wo duruyɛfo no begyina mfe a woadi, w’akwahosan, polyps dodow, ne beae a ɛwɔ so akyerɛ ayaresa a eye sen biara ma wo.
Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wɔfa so sa yare:
- Polyps a wobeyi afi hɔ bere a wɔreyɛ colonoscopy: Sɛ polyps kakraa bi pɛ na ɛwɔ hɔ a, wobetumi de nnwinnade titiriw a wɔde fa tube no mu atwitwa na wɔayi afi hɔ.
- Oprehyɛn a wɔde yi polyps: Sɛ polyps no sõ yiye anaasɛ ɛwɔ beae a wontumi nyi bere a wɔreyɛ colonoscopy a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn.
- Oprehyɛn a wɔde yi akyi berɛmo anaa yafunu no fã bi: Sɛ polyps pii wɔ beae biako a, ebia nnuruyɛfo besi gyinae sɛ wobeyi saa akyi berɛmo no fã no nyinaa afi hɔ.
Woyɛ dɛn di w’asetra ho dwuma bere a wɔahu sɛ wowɔ yare no akyi?
Aduru biara nni hɔ a wɔde sa JPS. Enti, sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ yare no wie a, nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wubesua sɛnea wo ne no bɛtra ase na wɔadi yare no ho dwuma. Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ayɛ eyi ne sɛ wobɛkɔ akɔyɛ aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu daa.
Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ sɔhwɛ?
- Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu a edi kan bere a yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no adi kan ada adi anaasɛ ansa na wɔadi mfe 15 .
- Sɛ ɔhaw biara nni nhwehwɛmu a edi kan no mu (polyps biara nni hɔ) a, ɛdɔɔso sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu mfe 3 biara .
- Sɛ wɔayɛ wo polyps pii na wɔayi wo anaasɛ wɔayɛ wo oprehyɛn a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wo nhwehwɛmu afe biara . Sɛ wɔanhu polyps biara bio a, wubetumi adan akɔ nhwehwɛmu so mfe 3 biara, sɛnea wo duruyɛfo tu fo no.
Sɛ wosa wo yare wie a, ɛsɛ sɛ woma wo nipadua no bere ma ɛsa. Mpɛn pii no, egye bɛyɛ adapɛn abien ansa na yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no ano abrɛ ase na wo ho atɔ wo.
Bere biara a ɛho behia sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
Sɛ wowɔ JPS ho sɛnkyerɛnne, titiriw mogya a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu , mmu w’ani ngu so. Hwɛ oduruyɛfo ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi. Afei nso, sɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu a ɔwɔ polyps anaa JPS abakɔsɛm a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Esiane sɛ eyi yɛ awosu mu yare nti, saa nsɛm no ho hia yiye wɔ yare no a wobehu mu.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- JPS yɛ awosu mu tebea a ɛma polyps ba wɔ aduan mu.
- Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu, yafunu mu yaw, ne ɔbrɛ a ɔte nka. Sɛ wuhu biribi a ɛte sɛɛ a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.
- Edin "mmofra" no kyerɛ sɛnea polyps no te, na ɛnyɛ mfe a ɔyarefo no adi. Nanso, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne taa da adi wɔ mmerante ne mmabaa mu.
- JPS ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya kokoram no yɛ kɛse. Enti, sɛnea oduruyɛfo no ka no, ɛho hia sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ colonoscopy wɔ bere a ɛfata mu de bɔ wo nkwa ho ban.
- Ɛwom sɛ wonni eyi ano aduru koraa de, nanso ɛdenam polyps a wobeyi afi hɔ na wɔahwɛ no bere nyinaa so no, wobetumi adi yare no so yiye na wɔatra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ.
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