Momma yensua pii fa mmerɛbo mu yare ho. Eyi ho hia wo nso!

So woate mmerɛbo mu yare ho asɛm pɛn? Ebia woresusuw sɛ, ‘Oo, mintumi nnya wɔn.’ Nanso nneɛma bi a yɛyɛ a yennim betumi de tebea horow yi aba. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea mmerɛbo mu yare yɛ, sɛnea ɛhyɛn nipadua no mu, ne sɛnea yebetumi abɔ yɛn ho ban ho asɛm.

Dɛn ne Liver Fluke?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mmerɛbo mu yare yɛ nwansena a wɔsɛe nnɔbae . Wɔte yɛn nipadua mu na wɔnom yɛn aduannuru. Ɛte sɛ nea wɔreba wo fie ara kwa a wɔmfrɛɛ wɔn na wɔredi nnuan ne anonne a ɛwɔ fie hɔ nyinaa. Mmerɛbo mu akisikuru betumi asɛe wo mmerɛbo, wo gallbladder, ne bile ducts . Akwan titiriw a wɔfa so kɔ wo nipadua mu ne sɛ wubedi mpataa a wɔannoa anaasɛ wɔannoa no yiye, nsu mu afifide (titiriw nsu mu nsu), anaa nsu a ɛho ntew a wobɛnom. Wobetumi aka afuw mu mmoa te sɛ anantwi ne mmirekyi, ne afieboa te sɛ akraman ne mpataa nso.

Ɛwom sɛ saa nwansena yi nkum nnipa tẽẽ de, nanso wobetumi atra wo nipadua mu akyɛ . Ɔyare mmoawa a enni sabea te sɛ eyi betumi ama mmerɛbo no ayɛ hyew na asɛe akwaa ahorow. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, saa tebea yi betumi de nyarewa a ɛyɛ hu te sɛ kokoram mpo aba.

So mmerɛbo mu nwansena ahorow wɔ hɔ?

Yiw, mmerɛbo mu yare ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ɛka nnipa. Yɛreka ahorow abiɛsa ho asɛm titiriw:

• Clonorchis sinensis: Eyi ne mmerɛbo mu yare a ɛtaa ba. Wɔfrɛ ɔyare mmoawa a eyi de ba no clonorchiasis .
• Opisthorchis: Saa mmoawa yi ahorow abien na ɛka nnipa. Wɔn ne O. viverrini (Asia Kesee Fam Apuei mmerɛbo mu yare) ne O. felineus (akraman mmerɛbo mu yare). O. viverrini ne mmoa a ɛto so abien a wɔtaa de mmerɛbo mu yare ba. Wɔfrɛ nyarewa a saa mmoa ahorow yi de ba no opisthorchiasis .
• Fasciola: Eyi ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ, F. hepatica ne F. gigantica, a ebetumi anya nnipa. Wɔfrɛ saa nyarewa yi fascioliasis . Nanso, Fasciola a ɛte sɛɛ abu so wɔ afuw mu mmoa mu sen nnipa.

Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya mmerɛbo mu nwansena?

Seesei ebia woredwen ho sɛ, ‘Ɛyɛ, mɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ mewɔ eyi?’ Nsɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ hɔ a ɛtaa ba a ɛtaa ba wɔ mmerɛbo mu yare ahorow nyinaa mu. Wɔne:

• Abofono
• Ɔfe a wɔfe
• Yafunu mu yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Ayamtuo
• Ayamtim
• Huraeɛ
• Awɔw a wɔte nka (Chills) .
• Wora a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (dyspnea) .
• Ntini mu yaw
• Ntini a ɛma mogya tu a ahonhon
• Nkwaa a ɛyɛ yaw

Nea ɛho hia no, ebia nnipa binom rennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa, anaasɛ sɛ wɔyɛ saa a, ebia wɔremfa wɔn adwene nsi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so kɛse.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa mmerɛbo mu nwansena yi kɔ nipadua no mu?

Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ sɛnea saa nwansena yi kɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Opisthorchis ne C. sinensis nwansena no nwansena te sɛ nsuo a ɛyɛ nsuo a ɛwɔ nsuo pa mu mpataa nipadua mu. Wobetumi ahu Fasciola nwansena no ntini a ɛsensɛn nsu no mu anaasɛ ɛhyɛ nsu mu afifide te sɛ nsu mu nsukorade mu.

Enti, wunya saa nwansena yare yi sɛ wudi biribi a saa akisikuru a ɔyare no wom yi wɔ mu a. Sɛ saa akisikuru yi kɔ wo aduan mu a, ɛpae na nwansena no fi adi. Afei saa nwansena yi tu kwan kɔ wo mmerɛbo, wo gallbladder, ne bile ducts mu, na wonyin bɛyɛ nwansena akɛse.

Enti, ɔkwan bɛn so pɛpɛɛpɛ na eyi trɛw?

Wubetumi anya mmerɛbo mu yare afi nneɛma te sɛ:

• There is also a risk from eating raw or undercooked fish. Asiane nso wɔ mpataa a wɔde nkyene kakraa bi, wusiw ahyɛ mu, anaa wɔayam mu a wobedi mu.
• Nsu mu nnua a wɔannoa anaa nsu mu afifide afoforo a wobedi (ebia eyinom na nwansena nwansena wɔ mu).
• Ɛdenam nsu a ɛho ntew a efĩ wom a wɔbɛnom anaasɛ nsu a ɛte saa a wɔbɛmene wɔ akwanhyia mu so.
• Nnuadewa a wɔahohoro wɔ nsu a efĩ wom mu, anaa nhabannuru a wodua wɔ nsu a ɛte saa mu a wobedi.

So yare yi tumi kɔ nnipa mu?

Dabi, mmerɛbo mu yare mmoawa no nyɛ nea wɔde yare mmoawa ba . Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya eyi?

Sɛ wote beae a mmerɛbo mu yare taa ba, anaasɛ woatu kwan akɔ baabi, na wo ne mmoa te sɛ anantwi ne mmirekyi yɛ adwuma a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya saa ɔyare yi.

Ɛhe na mmerɛbo mu nwansena yi abu so kɛse?

Mmɛn mu yare hwehwɛ nneɛma pɔtee bi a atwa yɛn ho ahyia na ama atumi atra ase na awo. Enti, ɛwom sɛ wohu wɔn wɔ wiase nyinaa de, nanso wɔdɔɔso wɔ mmeae pɔtee bi sen ɔman biara. Wohu mmerɛbo mu yare ahorow ahorow wɔ wiase mmeae ahorow. Sɛ nhwɛso no, type `F. ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wobetumi ahu hepatica` wɔ asasepɔn biara so gye Antarctica nkutoo. `C. sinensis` abu so wɔ aman te sɛ China, South Korea, ne Vietnam. `O. viverrini` wɔ Asia aman te sɛ Thailand ne Laos.

Sɛ wɔansa a, nsɛnnennen bɛn na ebetumi aba?

Sɛ wɔansa mmerɛbo mu yareɛ yareɛ no yie a, tebea horow te sɛ:

• Aduan pa a wonnya nni
• Mmɛn a ayɛ kɛse (hepatomegaly) .
• Mmerɛbo mu akuru anaa `fibrosis`
• Gallbladder a ɛyɛ hyew anaa `cholecystitis`
• Bile duct a ɛyɛ hyew anaa `cholangitis`
• Kokoram a ɛwɔ ntini mu (cholangiocarcinoma) .

Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom saa mmerɛbo mu yare yi betumi akɔ wo nipadua no afã afoforo nso. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Pancreas a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu
• Ahrawa
• Wedeɛ
• Nsuo a ɛkɔ nsuo mu
• Ani
• Adwene

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu yare yi pɛpɛɛpɛ?

Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na oduruyɛfo ahu no yiye sɛ ebia wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare no, ɔbɛfa nsu a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu na wahwehwɛ mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae wɔ mu. Ebia wɔbɛfa nhwɛsode bɛboro pɛnkoro, wɔ nna pii mu. Nea ɛka ho no, wobetumi ayɛ sɔhwɛ ahorow a edidi so yi:

• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyinom hwɛ sɛ ebia nipadua mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae (a wɔfrɛ no serology), mmerɛbo no dwumadi, ne nkwammoaa bi a wɔfrɛ no eosinophils a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya no mu. Eosinophils a ɛkɔ soro no betumi ayɛ ɔyare mmoawa a efi ɔyare mmoawa mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
• Mfoninitwa: Sɛ wo duruyɛfo yɛ ultrasound, CT scan (computed tomography scan), anaa MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) a, obetumi ahu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare (te sɛ cysts).
• Berɛbo mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ woyi ntini ketewaa bi fi mmerɛbo no mu na wɔhwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛ ebia mmoawa a wɔsɛe nnɔbae ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ hɔ anaa.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ayi mmerɛbo mu nwansena yi afi hɔ? (Ayaresa)

Nnuruyɛfo de nnuru a ekum mmoawa sa mmerɛbo mu yare . Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne:

• Triclabendazole (wɔde eyi ma Fasciola yare mmoawa) .
• Praziquantel (Wɔde eyi ma Opisthorchis ne Clonorchis yare mmoawa) .
• Albendazole (wɔsan de ma Opisthorchis ne Clonorchis nyarewa) .

Sɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu nwansena a, dɛn na wobɛhwɛ kwan?

Nnuru a ekum mmoawa a wɔnom bere tiaa bi (bɛyɛ nnanson) betumi asa mmerɛbo mu yare. Nanso, sɛ wɔansa saa mmerɛbo mu yare yi a, ebetumi atra wo nipadua mu mfe anum kosi aduonu anum.Nanso, nnipa a wɔanya ɔyare mmoawa a ɛkyɛ saa no betumi anya akwahosan ho haw a emu yɛ den, te sɛ mmerɛbo, akisikuru, ne mogya ntini a ɛsɛe.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn asiw mmerɛbo mu nyarewa yi ano?

Nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya mmerɛbo mu yare no so atew:

• Nni nsu mu nnua ne nsu mu afifide afoforo a wɔannoa.
• Nni nsu pa mu mpataa a wɔannoa anaasɛ wɔannoa no yiye. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne mpataa a wɔayam no wusiw, wɔayam, anaa wɔde nkyene kakra ahyɛ mu. Sɛ worenoa mpataa a, noa no sɛnea FDA (Food and Drug Administration) kamfo kyerɛ no.
• Hohoro nhabannuru yiye, yiyi mu, anaa noa no yiye ansa na woadi.
• Sɛ wote baabi a ahotew nyɛ papa anaa baabi a wususuw sɛ ebia nsu no ho agu fĩ a, fa nsu a wɔde ahyɛ toa mu di dwuma de nom na fa noa aduan.
• Kwati sɛ wode nsu a ebetumi ayɛ fĩ bɛhyɛ w’anom anaa wo hwene mu, titiriw afi mmeae te sɛ atɛkyɛ, atare, anaa wuram a nsu ayɛ mu ma.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wowɔ mmerɛbo mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne, titiriw sɛ wote beae a saa nwansena yi abu so anaasɛ woatu kwan akɔ bi , hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Sɛ wususuw sɛ ebia woadi anaa woanom biribi a efĩ wom, sɛ ɛyɛ mfe bi a atwam mpo a , ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo .

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ ayaresabea (ETU) ntɛm ara sɛnea metumi?

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den yi a, kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ ntɛm ara:

• Sɛ atiridiinini no boro 103 Fahrenheit (40 Celsius) a.
• Sɛ worefe denneennen, anaasɛ wowɔ akisikuru a, ɛnyɛ hwee.
• Sɛ adwene mu naayɛ anaasɛ adwene a ɛyɛ basaa wɔ hɔ a.
• Sɛ wo honam ani anaa w’ani dan kɔla (jaundice).
• Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nsu a ɛho ayɛ fĩ (e.g., sukɔm de wo dodo, woto nsu kakraa bi pɛ, mmerɛwyɛ, koma a ɛbɔ kɛse).

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa oduruyɛfo no?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ wo mfaso sɛ wubebisa nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• "Mɛyɛ dɛn anom saa aduru yi?"
• "Bere tenten ahe na ebegye me ansa na me ho atɔ me?"
• "Bere ahe na manya saa ɔyare yi?"
• "So mahu amane wɔ bere tenten mu ɔsɛe bi?"
• "Dɛn ne m'adwene wɔ tebea yi mu?"

So mmerɛbo mu yare yi abu so wɔ nnipa mu? Adɛn nti na wɔfrɛ no "liver fluke"?

Wobu akontaa sɛ nnipa bɛyɛ ɔpepem 50 na wɔanya mmerɛbo mu yare bi wɔ wiase nyinaa. Saa nyarewa yi abu so kɛse wɔ aman te sɛ China, Thailand, ne Russia mmeae bi.

Adɛn nti na wɔfrɛ eyi ``Liver Fluke``? ``Fluke`` kyerɛ sɛEdin a wɔtaa de frɛ flatworm bi (`trematodes anaa parasitic flatworm`). Ebia nnipa binom bɛfrafra eyi ne flatfish bi, a wɔsan frɛ no `fluke`. Wɔfrɛ saa nwansena yi `liver flukes` efisɛ ɛka mmerɛbo no.

Enti, nneɛma bɛn na ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛde fi asɛm yi mu kɔ fie?

Ɛwom sɛ yɛntaa nte mmerɛbo mu yare ho asɛm wɔ Sri Lanka de, nanso wɔ wiase mmeae bi no, ebia nnipa ɔpepem pii benya bi, ebia wonnim mpo. Sɛ wote beae a saa nwansena yi abu so, anaasɛ woatu kwan akɔ bi a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu ɔyare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, anaasɛ wususuw sɛ ebia woadi anaa woanom biribi a ɛho ntew a, mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo duruyɛfo . Efisɛ, sɛ eyi kɔ so kyɛ a, ebetumi de nyarewa a emu yɛ den aba, nanso mpɛn pii no, ayaresa a etu mpɔn na etu mpɔn wɔ hɔ. Enti, sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ anaa sɛnkyerɛnne bi a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu.

` Mmerɛbo mu yareɛ, Parasitic infections, Mmɛn mu yareɛ, Mpataa a wɔannoa a wodi, Nsuo mu afifideɛ, Akwahosan