So mercury betumi de awuduru ahyɛ wo nipadua mu? Momma yensua Mercury Poisoning ho ade!

So woahu sɛ ɔhyew kyerɛwtohɔ dedaw bi abubu na woahu sɛ dwetɛ nsu a ɛhyerɛn ahwe ase pɛn? Anaasɛ woate sɛ mpataa akɛse ahorow bi a wubedi no betumi asɛe w’akwahosan? Saa nsɛm yi betumi abata ade bi a ɛyɛ hu a wɔfrɛ no Mercury ho ankasa. Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka adeɛ a wɔfrɛ no Mercury Poisoning yi ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan tiawa bi so a wobɛtumi ate aseɛ, te sɛ wo ne w’adamfo bi bɛkasa.

Dɛn ne Mercury yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mercury yɛ abɔde mu ade a ɛwɔ yɛn okyinnsoromma yi asase ne abotan mu. Ɛhyerɛn na ne kɔla yɛ dwetɛ. Ɛno nti na nnipa binom frɛ no "dwetɛ a ɛyɛ nsuo." Ebia wobɛkae sɛ wɔ nyansahu adesua mu no, wɔde agyiraehyɛde Hg a ɛwɔ periodic table no so gyina hɔ ma mercury, na ne atom nɔma yɛ 80. Ade biako a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ mercury ho ne sɛ, ɛwom sɛ wɔkyekyɛ mu sɛ dade de, nanso ebetumi ayɛ nsu anaa ade a ɛyɛ den a egyina ɔhyew so.

Mercury yɛ ɔkwankyerɛfo pa. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ ɛma anyinam ahoɔden ne ɔhyew fa mu ntɛmntɛm. Ɛno nti na wuhu mercury wɔ ɔhyew kyerɛwtohɔ dedaw, mmɔnten so akanea, ne kanea a ɛma hann bi mu no.

Dɛn ne Mercury Awuduru?

Mercury yɛ ade a awuduru wom kɛse na epira yɛn nipadua. Mercury awuduru yɛ bere a mercury pii hyɛn wo nipadua mu na wo nipadua no yɛ n’ade wɔ ɔkwan a enye so wɔ ho. Susuw ho saa kwan yi so, ɛte sɛ yɛn nipadua rebɔ mmɔden sɛ ebeyi biribi a ɛmpɛ afi hɔ bere a ɛhyɛn yɛn nipadua mu no.

Mercury ahorow bɛn na ebetumi ayɛ awuduru?

Mercury ahorow abiɛsa na ebetumi apira yɛn nipadua. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

1. Mercury a ɛwɔ nneɛma mu

Eyi ne nea mercury a ɛyɛ nsu, anaa ‘quicksilver’, yɛ ma. Wubetumi ahu wɔ ahwehwɛ nkuku mu, anyinam ahoɔden switch ahorow bi, kanea a ɛma hann, ne nneɛma a wɔde hyɛ sẽ mpo mu.

2. Mercury a Ɛnyɛ nkwaboaa

Wɔde saa mercury yi di dwuma wɔ batere mu, nnuru bi a wɔde kum mmoawa, ne nnuruyɛbea ahorow mpo mu.

3. Mercury a ɛwɔ abɔde mu

Wubetumi ahu mercury a ɛwɔ nipadua mu wɔ wusiw a efi fango a ɛrehyew mu, mpataa a wɔadi methylmercury (mercury a ɛwɔ abɔde mu) mu, ne nnuru dedaw a ekum ɔyare mmoawa te sɛ mercurochrome a wɔde yɛ aduru kɔkɔɔ no mu.

Henanom na eyi betumi aka wɔn kɛse?

Mercury awuduru betumi aka obiara a ɔbɛka mercury anaasɛ ɔbɛwe no.

Nanso, emu yɛ den kɛse wɔ mmofra nkumaa ne ɛnanom a wɔyem ne wɔn a wɔma wɔn nufu mu. Asiane yi yɛ kɛse titiriw sɛ wudi mpataa pii a mercury pii wom a.

Mercury awuduru abu so dɛn?

Wɔ aman bi te sɛ United States mu no, awuduru a wɔde mercury gu mu no ntaa mma. Nanso, wɔ aman afoforo so, titiriw wɔ mmeae a wotu fagude anaa mpoano nkurow a ɛda adi sɛ mercury guu aduan mu no, tebea yi betumi abu so kɛse.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na mercury awuduru ka wo nipadua?

Sɛ wudidi, woka wo ho, anaa wohome mercury a, wo nipadua no yɛ n’ade wɔ ɔkwan a enye so. Sɛ mercury no kɔ wo nipadua mu pɛ a, ɛkɔ wo koma, central nervous system (CNS), a ɛyɛ w’amemene ne w’akyi berɛmo, ne w’asaabo mu. Wo nipadua nim sɛ mercury nyɛ biribi a wopɛ sɛ wowɔ hɔ. Enti, wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no bɔ mmɔden sɛ ebeyi mercury aduru yi afi hɔ, sɛnea anka ɛbɛtow ahyɛ mmoawa anaa mmoawa bi so no. Eyi na ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba.

Dɛn ne mercury awuduru ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Mercury awuduru ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho, na ɛsono sɛnea sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu yɛ den a egyina mercury ko ne dodow a wɔnom so.

Nneɛma a ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛpete nneɛma a ɛwɔ elemental mercury mu

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ wode wo nsa ka anaa womene a, elemental mercury nyɛ asiane, efisɛ ɛyɛ hwerɛma na ɛnyɛ den sɛ ɛbɛfa honam ani anaa dwensɔtwaa mu. Nanso, elemental mercury yɛ asiane kɛse sɛ wohome a, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ ɛne wo home kɔ w’ahurututu mu a. Eyi taa ba bere a mercury hwe fam na obi bɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔde ``vacuum cleaner'' bɛfa no. Afei mercury no yɛ nwini na ɛkɔ mframa mu.

Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow betumi aba ntɛm ara bere a wɔahome elemental mercury akyi:

• Ɛwa
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
• Dade dɛ a wɔte nka wɔ w’anom
• Akisikuru anaa ɔfe
• Mogya a ɛretu anaa anom a ɛho ahonhon

Su ahorow a Ɛkyerɛ Mercury a Ɛnyɛ Nkwammoaa a Ɛpaapae Mu

Sɛ wɔmene mercury a ɛnyɛ nkwaboaa a, ɛyɛ awuduru. Sɛ saa nnuru yi hyɛn nipadua no mu pɛ a, ɛfa mogya no mu na ɛtow hyɛ w’amemene ne w’asaabo so.

Su ahorow a ɛwɔ mercury aduru a ɛnyɛ abɔde mu de ho:

• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo yafunu ne/anaasɛ wo menewa mu ayɛ hyew
• Akisikuru anaa ɔfe
• Atiridiinini (akisikuru) .
• Mogya a ɛtɔ a ɛne ɔfe anaa nsu a ɛtɔ
• Nsu kɔla a ɛsakra

Su ahorow a ɛwɔ Organic Mercury Dissolution mu

Organic mercury yɛ awuduru sɛ wohome anaa wode wo nsa ka a. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no nna adi ntɛm ara. Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi bere a wɔde aduru no adi dwuma bere tenten (ebia mfe anaa mfe du du pii) akyi. Ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na ɛtaa ba de, nanso sɛ wode mercury a ɛwɔ nipadua mu pii di dwuma prɛko pɛ a, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi aba.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi de ne ho hyɛ organic mercury mu bere tenten:

• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo yaw anaa ɛyaw bi a emu nna hɔ wɔ nipadua no afã horow bi
• Wosow (wosow a wontumi nni so) .
• Sɛ́ wobɛte nka sɛ wuntumi nni so bere a wonam no
• Anisoadehu mmɔho abien anaasɛ anisoadehu a ɛyɛ kusuu; ebia anifurae
• Nkae a ɛyera
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi anya akisikuru (`(Seizures)`) .

Sɛ obi nya methylmercury (mercury a ɛwɔ nipadua mu) pii bere a ɔyem a, ebetumi asɛe akokoaa a ɔrenyin no amemene. Nnuruyɛfo pii kamfo kyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woto mpataa dodow a wudi bere a woanyinsɛn no ano hye, anaasɛ kwati mpataa ahorow bi koraa (titiriw tuna).

Sɛ obi de ne ho hyɛ mercury a nkwa wom mu bere tenten a, ebetumi akum no. Sɛ wotaa nya mercury a ɛwɔ nipadua mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohyɛ mfiri a ɛfata a wode bɔ wo ho ban (PPE). Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wɔde nneɛma te sɛ akataso ne nsateaa bedi dwuma de atew akwahosan ho haw ahorow a saa aduru yi de ba no so.

Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa?

Mercury a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no ne ade titiriw a ɛde awuduru a mercury ba. Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wo nipadua betumi afa so anya mercury:

• Mercury vapor (mercury a ɛwɔ mframa mu sɛ nsu nketenkete na ɛhyɛn ahurututu mu) a wɔhome.
• Mpataa anaa ɛpo mu nnuan a mercury a wɔmfa nnuru nni dwuma wom pii fi awosu mu a wobedi.
• Mercury a wɔmene no.
• Mercury a ɛyɛ nsu a wɔde wɔn nsa ka.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu eyi?

Mpɛn pii no, wohu sɛ mercury awuduru wɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu, bere a wɔde wɔn ho ahyɛ mu na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den aba akyi.

Wo duruyɛfo no besi so dua sɛ woahu sɛ wowɔ awuduru a wɔfrɛ no mercury denam w’aduruyɛ ho abakɔsɛm a edi mũ a obegye na wayɛ wo nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu no so. Oduruyɛfo no bebisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, bere tenten a ɛwɔ hɔ, sɛnea emu yɛ den, ne sɛ ebia woanya nnuru anaa nnuru bi a wɔde afrafra.

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wo duruyɛfo no akyerɛ sɛ woahu yare no, ebia ɔbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de ahwɛ sɛnea wo mercury te:

• Koko so X-ray (`(Koko mu X-ray)`) .
• Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu (nnɔnhwerew 24 a wɔde gye nsu) .
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu (`(Bloodwork)` - mogya dodow a edi mũ `(mogya dodow a edi mũ)` ne metabolic panel) .
• Koma mu nnyigyei ho nhyehyɛe (`(Electrocardiogram - ECG)`) .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa?

Wɔ dan a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ mu no, oduruyɛfo no bedi kan ayi ade a ɛyɛ hu no afi wo honam ani ne/anaasɛ wo ntade mu (decontamination). Wɔyɛ eyi na amma wɔankɔ so ankɔ so bio. Afei, wɔbɛsa wo yareɛ no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no ntɛm ara. Saa ayaresa ahorow yi bɛyɛ soronko a egyina mercury ko a ɛwɔ so no so.

Botae titiriw a ɛwɔ ayaresa mu ne sɛ ebeyi mercury afi wo nipadua mu. Eyi betumi ayɛ nneɛma te sɛ:

• Chelation therapy (dade a woyi fi nipadua no mu) - a wode ma se nsuo denam IV so.
• Oxygen a wɔde ma denam ano akataso so.
• Nnuru a wɔde sa yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow.
• Dialysis (mogya mu dialysis) sɛ asaabo no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a.
• Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn na ama wɔayi mercury no afi hɔ.

Mpɛn pii no, bere a wɔde wɔn ho ahyɛ mercury mu akyi no, ɛho hia sɛ wɔnom ``chelators'' (nnuru a eyi dade fi nipadua no mu) adapɛn anaa asram pii na ama wɔayi nnuru no afi nipadua no mu koraa.

Sɛ wɔde ayaresa ma ntɛm ara de yi mercury fi nipadua no mu mpo a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɔsɛe a aduru yi de ba no betumi ama wɔanya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ, na ebia ebehia sɛ wɔkɔ so sa yare no.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn akwati mercury awuduru?

Nneɛma kakraa bi wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ na ama woanya ahobammɔ afi mercury awuduru ho. Ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye:

• To mpataa dodow a wudi (a mercury wom) ano hye.
• Kwati sɛ wubedi mpataa (a mercury wom) sɛ woanyinsɛn anaa worema nufu a.
• Hyɛ mfiri a ɛbɔ wo ho ban bere a wode nnuru ne nneɛma a wɔde afrafra reyɛ adwuma no.
• Kwati mmeae a mercury wɔ baabi a atwa wo ho ahyia no.
• Susuw ho sɛ wode ade foforo a ahobammɔ wom besi wo amalgam a wode ahyɛ mu dedaw no ananmu.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ wohwie mercury gu fam a, mfa afiri a wɔde yi mframa fi mu nnye da! Saa a wobɛyɛ no betumi ama mercury no ayɛ nwini akɔ mframa mu na akɔ w’ahurututu mu. Sɛ wohwie mercury gu a, kɔ wo mpɔtam hɔ akwahosan dwumadibea anaa adwumakuw a ɛbɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho ban nkyɛn na woanya afotu wɔ sɛnea wobɛhohoro ho yiye ho.

Sɛ mercury hwie gu a, dɛn na ɛba?

Mercury yɛ asiane kɛse ma onipa nipadua. Sɛnea wobɛyɛ w’ade bere a wode wo ho ahyɛ mu akyi no gyina mercury dodow a wonom ne w’akwahosan nyinaa bere a wode wo ho ahyɛ mu no so.

Nnipa binom nya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den koraa na wɔn akwahosan pa bere a wɔanya ayaresa de ayi aduru no afi wɔn nipadua mu akyi.

Nanso, sɛ wo ne mercury pii di dwuma a, hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛsan anya ahoɔden no sua. Sɛ obi home elemental mercury a, ebetumi ama ahurututu asɛe daa na amemene no asɛe. Mercury a ɛnyɛ nkwaboaa betumi ama asaabo asɛe na mogya atu. Organic mercury betumi asɛe wo ntini a ɛwɔ mfinimfini (amemene ne akyi berɛmo). Sɛ wowe mercury pii, sɛ wode wo ho hyɛ mu kyɛ, anaa sɛ wɔannya wo yare a, ebetumi ama woawu mpo.

Sɛ wususuw sɛ woanya mercury a, frɛ Poisons Information Center ntɛm ara (wɔ Sri Lanka no, wubetumi afrɛ 0112 686 143) na kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu ntɛm ara.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Sɛ wowɔ mercury awuduru ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow, anaasɛ wunim sɛ woanya mercury a, kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a egye ntɛmpɛ ntɛm ara. Ntwentwɛn wo nan ase.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wubisa oduruyɛfo no?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, wubetumi abisa nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• So mihia ayaresa a ɛkyɛ na ama wɔasa mercury awuduru?
• So mercury a ɛhyɛn me nipadua mu no asɛe m’akwaa bi?
• Sɛ manyinsɛn anaa merema nufu a, nnuan bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekwati?

So mpataa a wodi betumi ama obi anya mercury awuduru?

Yiw, mpataa bi wɔ organic mercury bi a wɔfrɛ no `(methylmercury).` Eyi yɛ biribi a wohu wɔ nsu a mpataa te mu. `(Methylmercury)` yɛ biribi a ɛyɛ hu ma wo nipadua sɛ wodi no pii a. Nanso, mercury a efi mpataa mu ba wɔ dodow a ɛfata, kakraa bi mu no nyɛ bɔne saa mma nnipa.

Mpataa ne akutu ahorow bi a mercury dɔɔso wom:

• Shark a wɔfrɛ no Shark
• Ɔhene mackerel, Nkrantɛ mpataa
• Tuna - (tuna ahodoɔ akɛseɛ) .
• Orange a ɛyɛ roughy
• Pike na ɔkyerɛwee
• Walleye na ɔkyerɛwee
• Bass a wɔde bɔ nnwom

FDA (U.S. Aduan ne Nnuru Dwumadibea) kamfo kyerɛ sɛ sɛ wunyinsɛn anaa worema nufu a, kwati mpataa a mercury pii wom a wubedi anaasɛ wobɛto ano hye. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ yebehu eyi wɔ yɛn man yi mu nso.

So wobetumi ayi mercury afi sẽ a wɔde afrafra a wɔde ahyɛ mu no mu?

Amalgam a wɔde ahyɛ mu dedaw (a wɔsan frɛ no dwetɛ a wɔde ahyɛ mu) no kura bɛyɛ 50% elemental mercury wɔ ne mu duru mu. Dade afoforo te sɛ dwetɛ, kɔbere, ne tin nso wɔ mu. Sɛ wowɔ amalgam dedaw a wɔde ahyɛ w’anom ma a, wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wobɛkɔ mercury ne nea ɛbɛpete mu.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi nya mercury a efi amalgam a wɔde ahyɛ mu ma mu no te sɛ nea ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi nya mercury a ɛwɔ elemental mu no. Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne dade dɛ a ɛwɔ anom.

Nanso, gye sɛ wo sẽ a wode ahyɛ mu no asɛe anaasɛ wo sẽ aporɔw wɔ ase a, enhia sɛ wuyi wo amalgam a wode ahyɛ mu no ntɛm ara na wode biribi foforo a ahobammɔ wom si ananmu. Nanso, sɛ wo amalgam a wode ahyɛ mu no asɛe a, wo ne wo sẽ ho oduruyɛfo nkasa mfa nsi ananmu, efisɛ asiane kɛse wom sɛ mercury bɛka wo.

Awiei koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ meka sɛ... (Take-Home Message)

Mercury a wɔde di dwuma no nka obiara pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no betumi ayɛ nea emu nyɛ den koraa, bere a ɛtɔ mmere bi nso a ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.

Nanso, sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ bi sɛ woanya mercury, ɛmfa ho sɛ na ɛyɛ kakraa bi anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso a, frɛ Poison Control Center ntɛm ara. Wɔ Sri Lanka no, Ɔman Asoɛe a Ɛhwɛ Awuduru So no nɔma ne 0112 686 143 . Wubetumi afrɛ saa nɔma yi na woanya animdefo afotu nnɔnhwerew 24 da biara, nnafua 7 dapɛn biara. Ɛnsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ ntɛmpɛ, wubetumi abisa nsɛm biara a wowɔ fa mercury awuduru anaa sɛnea wobɛbɔ wo ho ban afi ho. Ɛho hia paa nso sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi.

Hwɛ w’akwahosan so yiye!

` Mercury, Mercury awuduru, sɛnkyerɛnne, ayaresa, siw ano, mpataa, nsensan a wɔde ahyɛ mu ma, awuduru