Sɛ woahwɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ho amanneɛbɔ bi pɛn a, ebia woahu din pii. Wɔn mu bi ne nea ɛtwee w’ani ne ‘Monocytes’. Ebia wo duruyɛfo no kaa ho asɛm bi, anaasɛ ebia wususuw nea ɛyɛ ho. Enti, dɛn ne saa monocytes yi? Ɛho hia yɛn nipadua dɛn? Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛka wɔn ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan tiawa bi so a wubetumi ate ase.
Dɛn ne saa monocytes yi?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, monocytes yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa (leukocyte) bi a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu. Fa no sɛ wo nipadua yɛ ɔman kɛse. Asraafo dɔm bi wɔ hɔ a wotumi bɔ ɔman yi ho ban fi atamfo (i.e. mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba) a wofi abɔnten reba no ho. Saa asraafo dɔm no ne yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no . Enti, saa monocytes yi te sɛ asraafo kuw bi a ɛho hia yiye, a wɔatete wɔn titiriw wɔ saa asraafo dɔm no mu.
Asraafo yi adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ na wɔasɛe atamfo te sɛ mmoawa, mmoawa, fungi, ne protozoa a wɔhyɛn nipadua no mu. Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, na mmom wɔyɛ adwuma de hu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn ankasa nipadua mu a mmoawa anya ɔyare mmoawa dedaw na wɔayi afi hɔ nso. Afei nso, sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔn nkutoo bɛko a, saa monocyte asraafo yi de nkra kɔma asraafo afoforo a wɔwɔ asraafo mu (i.e. mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa afoforo) sɛ, "Ɔtamfo bi wɔ ha, bra bɛboa."
So wubetumi akyerɛkyerɛ sɛnea wɔyɛ wɔn nnwuma mu kakra?
Saa monocyte asraafo yi fi wɔn asetra ase wɔ yɛn nnompe mu ntini mu. Ɛte sɛ asraafo ntetee sukuu. Ɛhɔ na wɔtete wɔn yiye na wosiesie wɔn ho ma ɔko. Sɛ wonyinyin yiye a, wofi ase tu kwan fa mogya ntini no mu fa nipadua no nyinaa mu. Ɛte sɛ nea worekɔ patrol.
Fa no sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi ahyɛ yɛn nipadua mu. Ɛte sɛ ɔtamfo a ɔtow hyɛ ɔman bi so. Anaasɛ ogya atɔ kurow bi mu. Saa bere yi de, wɔde kɔkɔbɔ sɛnkyerɛnne bi ma. Sɛ wɔte saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi ara pɛ a, monocyte asraafo a wɔbɛn hɔ no yɛ ho biribi ntɛm ara. Nanso sɛ wɔkɔ saa ɔko yi mu a, wɔsesa wɔn honam ani hwɛbea na wɔkyekyɛ mu yɛ nkwammoaa ahorow abien a wɔyɛ nnwuma titiriw abien.
1. Dendritic nkwammoaa - abɔfoɔ ne akwansrafoɔ
2. Macrophages - Akofoɔ a wɔwɔ Anim
Afei ma yɛnhwɛ nea saa nkurɔfo yi mu biara adwuma yɛ.
Dendritic nkwammoaa - nkitahodi beae
Saa nkwammoaa yi te sɛ asraafo dɔm nkitahodi dwumadibea, anaasɛ odumgyafo adwumayɛbea bi frɛ beae. Wɔn adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wobehu ɔtamfo bi bere a waba no, abɔ asraafo afoforo a wɔwɔ tumi a wɔwɔ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no amanneɛ, na wɔasrɛ mmoa.
Saa dendritic nkwammoaa yi dodow no ara wɔ yɛn honam ani, wɔ yɛn hwene, ahurututu, yafunu, ne dwensɔtwaa mu, efisɛ eyinom ne mmeae a ɛda adi sɛ mmoawa bɛhyɛn nipadua no mu kɛse.
Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi hyɛn mu a, saa nkwammoaa yi kɔboaboa antigen bi ano wɔ saa mmoawa no so. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, antigen te sɛ "identification card" ma saa mmoawa no. Ɛyɛ nea ɛma yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no hu sɛ "oyi nyɛ obi a ɔyɛ yɛn nipadua mu dea." Sɛ wɔfa saa ID krataa yi a, dendritic nkwammoaa no yi nnuru nkrasɛm soronko (cytokines) a ɛka kyerɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa afoforo sɛ, "Ɔtamfo bi a okura ID krataa yi reba ha, bra bɛko ntɛm."
Macrophages - Akofo a Wɔko Wɔ Anim
Eyinom ne commando ankasa a wɔkɔ anim na wɔko. Bere a macrophages no nsa aka nkrasɛm no afi dendritic nkwammoaa no hɔ akyi no, ɛkɔ baabi a ɔtamfo no wɔ no tẽẽ.
Nea saa macrophages yi yɛ ne sɛ wɔbɛtwa atamfo no mmoawa no ho ahyia na wɔamene no nyinaa. Sɛ wɔmene no wie a, wɔde enzymes a awuduru wom a ano yɛ den a ɛwɔ wɔn nipadua mu di dwuma de tew ɔyare mmoawa no na wɔsɛe no. Afei nso, "ahotew" ne nkwammoaa a awuwu ne ntini a asɛe a woyi fi hɔ wɔ ɔko no akyi no yɛ adwuma foforo a ɛho hia a saa macrophage nkwammoaa yi yɛ.
Saa monocytes yi te dɛn?
Monocytes ne mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa a ɛso sen biara wɔ yɛn mogya mu. Wɔn kɛse bɛyɛ sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛteɛ no mmɔho abien. Sɛ wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwɛ a, ɛsõ na ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobehu.
Nuklea a ɛwɔ nkwammoaa yi mfinimfini no yɛ soronko koraa. Ɛsono sɛnea ɛte. Bere a nkwammoaa no tu fa nipadua no nyinaa mu no, sɛnea nuklea no te betumi asesa. Nsusuwii atitiriw a wobetumi ahu no bi ne:
- Nsusuwii a ɛte sɛ bankye a ɛte sɛ asaabo
- Ɔpɔnkɔ nan ase
- Nsusuwii a ɛte sɛ kurukuruwa a ɛyɛ tenten kakra
Monocytes dodow ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ mewɔ wɔ me mogya mu? (Normal range) .
Wɔ ɔpanyin a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden mu no, wobu monocytes sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛfata sɛ ɛyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow nyinaa mu 2% kosi 8% a. Sɛ yɛhwɛ akontaabu a, eyi yɛ monocytes 200 kosi 800 wɔ mogya microliter biara mu.
Nanso biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie w’adwene mu ampa ni. Saa ``normal range`` yi betumi asesa kakra a egyina lab a wobɛyɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu no so. Enti sɛ wohwɛ wo mogya amanneɛbɔ a, ɛnyɛ wo bo nko na wɔka, na mmom dodow a ɛfata ma saa lab no nso ho asɛm wɔ ɔfã koro no ara. Hwɛ sɛ wo bo a ɛsom no wɔ saa kwan no mu anaa. Sɛ ɔkwan bi so no, wo monocyte dodow no sua anaasɛ ɛkɔ soro sen sɛnea ɛte daa a, wo duruyɛfo no behu nea enti a ɛte saa na wama wo nkyerɛkyerɛmu a eye sen biara wɔ ho.
Dɛn ne aduruyɛ mu tebea horow a ebetumi ama nsakrae aba monocyte dodow mu?
Mpɛn pii no, monocytes dodow so tew anaasɛ ɛkɔ soro bere a yɛn nipadua no reko atia ɔyare mmoawa anaa yare bi no. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia nsakrae a ɛba wɔ bo mu yi nyɛ yare, na mmom ɛyɛ yare foforo ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi nso betumi asesa sɛ aduru bi mu nsunsuanso bɔne.
Monocytes dodow a ɛkɔ soro (Monocytosis) .
Sɛ monocytes dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu dɔɔso sen sɛnea ɛte daa a, yɛfrɛ no wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ monocytosis . Eyi betumi ayɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea horow ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebetumi ayɛ tebea a ɛde ɔyare ba te sɛ mononucleosis anaasɛ yare a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa te sɛ lupus. Nneɛma atitiriw a ɛma monocytes kɔ soro no bi ne:
- Nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa
- Mogya mu haw ahorow
- Kokoram
- Koma ne ntini mu yare
- Adwennwen a enni sabea
- Nyarewa a ɛba bere tiaa ne bere tenten mu
- Ɔyare a ɛma obi ho hyehye no
- Nyinsɛn a wɔde di dwuma
Monocytopenia a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu
Wɔfrɛ monocyte dodow a ɛba fam sen sɛnea ɛte wɔ mogya no mu no monocytopenia . Biribiara a ɛtew mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa dodow so nso betumi ama monocytes so atew. Nneɛma pii nti na ɛte saa:
- Aplastic mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu
- Mogya mu ɔyare mmoawa
- Ɔhyew a wɔapirapira
- HIV a ɛma obi nya ɔyare mmoawa
- Nnuru a wɔde sa kokoram
Nhwehwɛmu bɛn na ɛhwɛ sɛnea me monocyte dodow te?
Wɔde mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ den koraa di dwuma de hu wo monocyte dodow. Sɔhwɛ ahorow atitiriw abien na wɔde yɛ eyi.
| Sɔhwɛ no din | Nea eyi kyerɛ |
|---|---|
| Mogya Dodow a Edi Mu (CBC) . | Eyi ma yehu nkwammoaa ahorow biara a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu kɔ akyiri: mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa, ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ. ‘Nsonsonoe’ ɔfã no kan mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa ahorow 5 (a monocytes ka ho) no wɔ ɔkwan soronko so na ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia wɔn ɔha biara mu nkyem 100 no yɛ nea ɛfata, ɛba fam, anaasɛ ɛkɔ soro. |
| Monocyte Dodow a Ɛyɛ Pɛpɛɛpɛ | Eyi ma wunya bo pɔtee a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea monocyte nkwammoaa dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no te pɛpɛɛpɛ, sen sɛ ɛbɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 100. |
So nsakrae a ɛba monocyte dodow mu nti na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba?
Ɛha na nnipa pii nya no mfomso. Worennya sɛnkyerɛnne biara esiane sɛ wo monocyte dodow sua anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso nti. Mmom no, sɛnkyerɛnne biara a wubehu no fi aduruyɛ tebea a ɛwɔ ase a ɛmaa wo monocyte dodow sesae no.
Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebia wo monocyte dodow bɛkɔ soro esiane biribi te sɛ atiridii anaa nipadua mu yaw nti. Sɛ ɛba saa a, wubenya atiridiinini ne nipadua mu yaw, na ɛnyɛ monocytes a ɛkɔ soro ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti, nsakrae a ɛba monocyte dodow mu no nyɛ yare, na mmom ɛyɛ yare anaa tebea foforo ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
Mɛyɛ dɛn ama me monocyte dodow asan aba sɛnea na ɛte kan no?
Ayaresa a wubetumi apaw no gyina nea ɛde wo monocyte dodow ba so. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wodi kan hu tebea a ɛde ba no na wɔsa. Wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ onipa a oye sen biara a obetu wo fo wɔ eyi ho. Mmɔ mmɔden da sɛ wobɛsa wo ho yare.
Mpɛn pii no, nneɛma bi a oduruyɛfo betumi akyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nni monocyte dodow so ni:
| Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛtew monocyte dodow so (bere a ɛkɔ soro) . | Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a monocyte dodow akɔ soro (bere a ɛba fam) . |
|---|---|
| Kwati nnuan a ɛma nipadua no ho hyehye (e.g., nnuan a asikre ne srade pii wom). | Sɛnea nnuruyɛfo afotu kyerɛ no, nnuru dodow a worenom mprempren no dodow anaa bere a wobɛsesa. |
| Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no daa. | Ayaresa mu tebea horow a ɛda adi no ho dwuma a wobedi yiye. |
| Nsã a wɔnom ano hye. | Nyarewa a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no ayaresa a ɛfata. |
| Ayaresa mu tebea horow a ɛda adi no ayaresa a ɛfata. | Sɛ vitamin a enni wo mu a, fa nnuru a wɔde ka wo ho te sɛ vitamin B12, C, ne D sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kyerɛ wo no. |
Mɛyɛ dɛn ama me monocyte nkwammoaa no anya apɔwmuden?
Wo monocyte nkwammoaa no yɛ wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no fã. Enti, ade a eye sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛma wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no nyinaa ayɛ den. Nneɛma bi a ɛbɛboa wo ma woayɛ saa ni:
- Bɔ wo ho ban fi opira ne nyarewa ho sɛnea wubetumi: Kwati sɛ wode wo ho bɛhyɛ mmoawa a ɛho nhia mu.
- Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ na teɛteɛ w’apɔw mu: Aduan pa ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ho hia ma nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no.
- Ahotew ho su pa: Nneɛma a ɛnyɛ den te sɛ samina a wode bɛhohoro wo nsa daa no betumi ama nsakrae kɛse aba.
- Kwati sigaretnom: Sigaretnom ma nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw.
- Tew adwennwen so: Adwennwen a ɛboro so pira nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no.
- Da sɛnea ɛsɛ: Dae ho hia na nipadua no atumi asan anya ahoɔden na asiesie nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa no.
Awiei koraa no, monocytes ne yɛn nipadua no awɛmfo a wɔyɛ komm. Wɔreyɛ adwuma bere nyinaa de abɔ yɛn ho ban afi nyarewa ho. Enti asetra pa a yebedi akyi na ama wɔanya apɔwmuden no yɛ nneɛma akɛse a yebetumi ayɛ ama yɛn nipadua no mu biako.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Monocytes yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa bi a ɛho hia wɔ yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa mu a ɛko tia mmoawa.
- Sɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ monocytes dɔɔso anaasɛ ɛba fam a, ebia ɛnyɛ yare ankasa, na mmom ɛyɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo anaa ɔyare mmoawa ho sɛnkyerɛnne.
- Mogya dodow a edi mũ (CBC) a ɛnyɛ den betumi akyerɛ wo monocyte dodow.
- Mma w’ankasa nsuro gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛwɔ w’amanneɛbɔ mu no da. Bere nyinaa wo ne wo duruyɛfo nsusuw ho na nya afotu a ɛfata.
- Aduan a ɛkari pɛ, nna a ɛfata, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, ne adwennwen a wobɛtew so betumi ama wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa nyinaa ayɛ den.
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