So na wunim saa nneɛma yi fa wo nufusu ho? Momma yɛnka wɔn ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri!

Hɛlo! Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka yɛn nipadua no fã ketewaa bi, nanso ɛho hia paa ho asɛm. Ɛno ne nufusu no. Ebia wunsusuw eyi ho pii, nanso nufusu nyɛ biribiara kɛkɛ. Momma yɛnhwehwɛ eyi mu yiye.

Dɛn ne nufusu?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, nufu no yɛ beae ketewaa a ɛkɔ soro wɔ wo nufu no mfinimfini pɛɛ. Mpɛn pii no, obiara wɔ nufu abien, biako wɔ ne koko afã biara. Mpɛn pii no, eyinom betumi ayɛ nea ɛpuepue kakra. Nanso nnipa binom nufu betumi ayɛ tratraa anaasɛ ɛdannan. Ebia woahyɛ no nsow sɛ honam ani fã bi a ɛyɛ tumm na ɛyɛ kurukuruwa wɔ nufu no ho. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no 'areola'. Enti nnuruyɛfo frɛ saa nufusu yi ne areola a atwa ho ahyia no bom sɛ `nipple-areolar complex' (NAC) .

Dɛn ne nufusu no dwumadi?

Susuw sɛnea nufu ketewa yi betumi ayɛ kɛse no ho hwɛ! Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne nufu a wɔde ma. Sɛ wɔwo wo ba no a, sɛ ɔfa nufusu ne areola no wɔ n’anom na ɔnom nufusu a, nufusu fi ntokuru nketewa a ɛwɔ nufu no mu no mu. Ɛno na ɛma akokoaa no aduan.

Afei nso, nufusu yɛ beae a mmarima ne mmea nyinaa nya nna mu anigye wɔ abusuabɔ. Wɔte nka yiye sɛ wɔde wɔn nsa ka efisɛ wɔwɔ nkate mu ntini pii.

Nufusu taa yɛ kɛse dɛn?

Eyi betumi ayɛ soronko kakra wɔ onipa biara ho. Nanso sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, nufu bi trɛw bɛyɛ milimita 10 kosi 12. Ebetumi nso apue bɛyɛ milimita 9 kosi 10 afi honam ani hwɛbea a atwa ho ahyia no ho. Nanso kae sɛ eyi yɛ bo a wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ ara kwa. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wo nufu no bɛyɛ nketewa anaa ayɛ kɛse asen eyi. Mma ɛnhaw wo wɔ ho.

Dɛn ne nufusu no nipadua?

Nufusu no yɛ ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ntini a ɛka bom, ne ntini a wɔfrɛ no `nufusu ntini` a ɛde nufusu kɔ. Wɔ nufu biara mu no, ntokuru nketewa bɛyɛ akron, anaa `orifices`, a nufusu nam mu fi mu ba. Nea ɛka ho no, ntini ɔhaha pii wɔ hɔ . Saa ntini ahorow yi na ɛma yɛte nka wɔ nufu no mu. Saa ntini mu nhama yi ma nufu no twetwe na ɛpuepue de bua awɔw anaa nea ɛkanyan no.

Dɛn ne nufusu ahorow a wotumi hu?

Yebetumi akyekyɛ nufusu mu denam sɛnea ɛte ne dodow a wowɔ so.

Nufu ahorow ahorow sɛnea ɛte

Ebia wo nufusu bɛyɛ sɛ eyi:

• Ɛpue: Eyinom ne nea abu so sen biara. Nufusu no pue fi areola no mu, na ɛte sɛ cylinder ketewaa bi.
• Flat: Saa nufusu yi npue na ɛnyɛ nea ɛkɔ mu. Wɔn wɔ level koro no ara mu ne areola no.
• Wɔadannan: Eyinom te sɛ nea wɔadan areola no akɔ mu. Wɔdan nufu no kɔ mu.

Hwɛ afei, .Nufu a ɛyɛ tratraa anaasɛ ɛdannan no yɛ tebea a abu so, a asiane biara nni ho a ɛtaa ba bere a wɔawo no. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama ɛnanom a wɔwɔ saa nufusu yi sɛ wɔbɛma wɔn mma nufu, nanso akwan bi wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛfa so adi ho dwuma. Nanso, sɛ wuhu sɛ wo nufu no ayɛ tratraa anaasɛ ɛdannan mpofirim a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Ebia nsakrae yi rempira, nanso ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ayɛ kokoram anaa tebea foforo a ehia ayaresa ho sɛnkyerɛnne, enti ɛho hia sɛ wohu.

Ɛdenam nufu dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu so

Nnipa dodow no ara wɔ nufu abien – biako wɔ nufu biara so. Nanso nneɛma bi a ebetumi asi ni:

• Nufu abiɛsa anaa nea ɛboro saa a wobenya (`supernumerary nipples`): Nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi wɔ nufu biako pɛ a ɛboro so (nufu a ɛto so abiɛsa). Nanso, nnipa binom tumi nya awotwe. Mpɛn pii no, nufusu a ɛboro so yi betumi akɔ baabiara wɔ nufu no ho, efi abasa no so kosi asen no so.
• Nufu a enni hɔ (athelia): Wɔwo nnipa binom a wonni nufu. Eyi fi nsakrae a ɛba awotwaa no nyin mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wobetumi de abata awosu mu tebea bi te sɛ Poland syndrome (tebea a ɛma koko mu ntini nnyin yiye) ho.

Nyarewa ne tebea bɛn na ebetumi aka nufusu no?

Nufu mu kokoram betumi aka wo nufu nyinaa ne wo nufu nso. Nufu mu kokoram ahorow bi a efi ase wɔ nufu mu ni:

• Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): Saa kokoram yi fi ase wɔ wo nufusu ntini mu. Nanso mpɛn pii no ɛntrɛw nkɔ akyiri nsen wɔn. Mpɛn pii no, enni sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Nnuruyɛfo hu no denam mfoninitwa nhwehwɛmu , te sɛ mammogram so.
• Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC): Eyi nso fi ase wɔ nufusu ntini no mu na ɛtrɛw kɔ ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu. Ebetumi ada adi sɛ akisikuru, a ɛyɛ nsensanee, a ɛyɛ nsensanee, anaasɛ ɛho ahonhon wɔ nufu anaa nufu no honam ani. Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ nufu no mu ayɛ kurukuruwa, na nufu no kɛse anaa ne nsusuwii betumi asesa.
• Paget yare a ɛwɔ nufu mu: Saa kokoram yi ba nufu no honam ani. Ɛde sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɛyaw, ɔhyew, nsu a ɛtɔ, ne nsu a ɛsen fi nufusu ne/anaasɛ areola mu ba. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a eyi betumi ayɛ te sɛ akisikuru, nanso ebetumi ayɛ kokoram na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ ntɛm ara.

Sɛ kokoram da nkyɛn a, tebea foforo a ebetumi aka nufu no ne nufu mu akisikuru.. Eyi ne bere a wunya akisikuru a ɛyɛ wo yaw, kɔkɔɔ, na ɛyɛ nsensanee wɔ wo nufu ne areola (ne ebia wo nipadua no mmeae afoforo) so. Ɛnyɛ mmerɛw bere nyinaa sɛ wubehu nsonsonoe a ɛda eczema ne nufu mu kokoram ntam. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia kɛse sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ wo nufu mu a.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ sɛnea me nufusu no te?

Nnuruyɛfo taa de mammograms di dwuma de hwɛ sɛnea wo nufu nyinaa te, a nufu no ka ho. Wɔde nhwehwɛmu ahorow a wɔfrɛ no nufu mu ultrasound ne nufu mu MRI nso di dwuma wɔ nsɛm titiriw bi mu.

Wɔtaa kamfo kyerɛ sɛ woyɛ mammogram afe biara bere a woadi mfe 40. Nanso, sɛ asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya nufu mu kokoram, sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya bi a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wubefi ase ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi ntɛm. Sɛ woyɛ ɔbarima mpo a, sɛ wowɔ asiane ahorow bi (e.g. abusua abakɔsɛm, awosu mu su) a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi akyerɛ. Mma wo werɛ mmfi sɛ, ɛwom sɛ ɛntaa nsi de, nanso mmarima nso betumi anya nufu mu kokoram.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me nufusu so?

Akwan pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi afa so ahwɛ wo nufusu:

• Kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn daa kɔyɛ nufu mu nhwehwɛmu ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔkamfo kyerɛ, te sɛ mammograms. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi.
• Yɛ nufu mu nhwehwɛmu ɔsram biara. Eyi bɛma woanya sɛnea wo nufu taa yɛ ne sɛnea ɛte nka no ho adwene pa. Sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara anaasɛ wote nka sɛ wo ho ayɛ wo hyew a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara.

Wo nipadua a wubehu no ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so anya apɔwmuden!

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛwɔ ase ha yi bi a, yɛsrɛ wo kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara:

• Nufu mu yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ den a ɛtra hɔ nna pii anaasɛ wontumi nhu nea ɛde ba biara.
• Nsakrae a ɛba nufusu anaa honam ani hwɛbea a atwa ho ahyia no kɔla anaa ne nwene mu (e.g., kɔkɔɔ, nsunsuanso, borɔdɔma ho nhwi a ɛda adi).
• Nufu mu mpaapaemu.
• Akuru a ɛwɔ baabiara wɔ nufu anaa nufu no so.
• Sɛ wo nnom nufu a, ebia wobɛnya nsuo a ɛte sɛ nsuo afiri wo nufu mu (`nufusuo mu nsuo`) , titire sɛ ɛyɛ mogya anaasɛ ɛfiri nufu baako pɛ mu a.
• Nufu no yɛ tratraa anaasɛ ɛdannan mpofirim, biribi a na enni hɔ kan.
• Sɛ worema nufu a, ebia wubehu sɛ baabi ketewaa bi fitaa, emu da hɔ, anaa kɔkɔɔ (`nufusu bleb`) bi wɔ wo nufu mu. Eyi betumi afi nufusu kwan bi a asiw mu.

Sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu bere a wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ wo nufu mu ara pɛ a, ebetumi aboa wo ma woahu ɔhaw bi ntɛm na woafi ase sa yare. Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na woahu sɛ ɛnyɛ aniberesɛm sen sɛ wobɛtwɛn na woasusuw sɛ, ‘Ebia eyi renyɛ asɛm kɛse,’ ɛnte saa? Saa gyinaesi a wosii ntɛm no betumi agye wo nkwa mpo.

Sɛ woabɔ nufu mu a, bisa wo duruyɛfo sɛnea wobɛhwɛ so. Eyi ho hia titiriw sɛ woanyinsɛn anaa worema nufu a, efisɛ asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya ɔyare no.

Nkrasɛm a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wode kɔ fie

Enti, ɛwom sɛ nufusu sua de, nanso ɛnsɛ sɛ yebu yɛn ani gu so. Sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ wo nufu anaa areola a atwa ho ahyia no honam ani a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛyɛ kɔkɔbɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Ɛnyɛ nsakrae nyinaa na ɛyɛ aniberesɛm. Nanso, sɛ wɔyɛ aniberesɛm a, sɛ wohu wɔn ntɛm na wɔsa wɔn yare a, ebetumi ama nsakrae kɛse aba. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nea wubetumi ayɛ de abɔ wo nufu ne wo nufu akwahosan ho ban. Sɛ yɛbɛkɔ so anya apɔwmuden a, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ yɛn nipadua so, ɛnte saa?

` Nufu, nufu akwahosan, mmea akwahosan, nufu mu kokoram, mammogram, nufu mu yaw, nufu mu nsakrae