Fa no sɛ, bere a wunhwɛ kwan koraa no, wususuw sɛ woanya HIV mmoawa no. Ebia na efi nna a wɔmmɔ ho ban, anaasɛ ebia na efi sɛ wɔne obi a ɔde nnubɔne guu nipadua mu no kyɛ ade. Ehu ne ahodwiriw a wote wɔ bere a ɛte sɛɛ mu no, wontumi mfa nsɛm nkyerɛ. Nanso ehu a wobɛbɔ kɛkɛ no nnɔɔso. Ayaresa soronko bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi abɔ wo ho ban wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ a ɛte saa mu. Ɛno na yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ.
Dɛn ne PEP (Post-Exposure Prophylaxis) a wɔde siw ano?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, PEP yɛ nnuru a wɔde sa yare a ɛmma mmoawa no ntumi nkɔ nipadua no mu daa bere a wɔanya HIV akyi. Ɛyɛ aduru a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔnom da biara da nnafua 28 .
Nea ɛho hia paa ne sɛ, sɛ saa ayaresa yi bɛyɛ adwuma yiye a, ɛsɛ sɛ wufi ase nom saa aduru yi wɔ nnɔnhwerew 72 (nnansa) akyi bere a wususuw sɛ ebia woanya HIV.
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) yɛ tebea a wotumi sa, nanso ɛnyɛ nea wobetumi asa koraa, a ɛwɔ nkwa nna nyinaa mu. Enti, HIV a obi benya no yɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ . Sɛ wususuw sɛ wɔada wo ho adi a, kɔ ayaresabea dan a ɛbɛn wo a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu (ETU) ntɛm ara.
PEP yɛ nea wɔde di dwuma ntɛm ara nkutoo. Ɛnyɛ nea wɔayɛ sɛ wɔde bedi dwuma sɛ ahobammɔ a ɛbɛkyɛ ama obi a asiane kɛse wom sɛ obenya HIV. Sɛ wowɔ asiane kɛse mu a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa fa PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis), ayaresa a wubetumi afa ansa na woanya HIV no ho.
Dɛn na woyɛ ansa na woafi ase ayɛ PEP ayaresa?
Ansa na wobɛhyɛ PEP ayaresa ase anaasɛ bere a woayɛ no akyi pɛɛ no, wo duruyɛfo no bɛfa wo mogya ne wo nsu na wayɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de ahu aduru ko ne dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ma wo. Sɔhwɛ atitiriw no bi ne:
- Hwɛ sɛ woanya HIV dedaw anaa.
- Hwɛ sɛ Hepatitis B ne Hepatitis C mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ anaa.
- Si so dua sɛ woanyinsɛn anaa.
- Hwɛ sɛ wo mmerɛbo ne w’asaabo reyɛ adwuma yiye anaa.
Bio nso, egyina sɛnea wɔde wo ho hyɛɛ mu no so no, wobetumi ayɛ wo nhwehwɛmu anaasɛ wɔasa wo yare nso wɔ nna mu nyarewa afoforo (STIs), efisɛ nyarewa pii betumi aba bere koro mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, akisikuru ne chlamydia.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa PEP aduru yi siw HIV ano?
Eyi yɛ mmerɛw yiye sɛ yɛbɛte ase. Fa HIV mmoawa no sɛ owifo a ɔrebɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛkɔ wo fie. Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a ɛwɔ PEP ayaresa mu no siw owifo yi kwan sɛ ɔbɛtra wo fie mu na wayɛ ne nneɛma (yare mmoawa no) bi.
Saa nnuru yi tow hyɛ mmoawa no so wɔ akwan horow so. Enti, ayaresa tu mpɔn kɛse bere a wɔde nnuru pii bom ma no. Sɛ yɛhyɛ saa nnuru yi ase ntɛm a , yebetumi adi HIV mmoawa no so ansa na abɛyɛ ɔyare mmoawa a enni sabea wɔ nipadua no mu.
Nnuru bɛn na wɔde yɛ PEP?
Nnuruyɛfo kyerɛw nnuru a wɔde ko tia ɔyare mmoawa a wɔaka abom ma PEP. Eyinom ne nnuru koro no ara a wɔde sa nnipa a wɔwɔ HIV yare no. Wɔnom sɛ nnuru a wɔde yɛ nnuru. Wo duruyɛfo begyina w’akwahosan tebea so asi nnuru ko a wobɛnom ne dodow a wobɛnom ho gyinae.
| Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma no fã | Nnuru a wɔtaa de di dwuma |
|---|---|
| Nnuru titiriw a wɔde ka bom (nnuru abien wɔ aduru biako mu) . | Emtricitabine ne Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF, a wonim no sɛ Truvada® ) . Anaasɛ Emtricitabine ne Tenofovir Alafenamide (FTC/TAF, a wɔfrɛ no Descovy® ) . |
| Aduru a ɛto so abiɛsa no de kaa atifi hɔ aduru no ho | Nea edidi so yi mu biako:
|
Bisa wo duruyɛfo bere pɔtee a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom saa aduru yi ne mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom da biara.
Hokwan ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ PEP ayaresa rentumi nyɛ yiye?
Nhwehwɛmu ada no adi sɛ PEP ayaresa ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya HIV no so tew bɛboro 80%. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a eyi rentumi nyɛ adwuma yiye sɛnea na wɔhwɛ kwan no.
| Sɛnti | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Twentwɛn wo nan ase wɔ ayaresa a wobefi ase no mu | Sɛ wofi ase bere a wɔde nnɔnhwerew 72 ahyɛ mu akyi a, nkonimdi sua koraa. |
| Nnuru dodow a wɔde di dwuma a wobehuruw | Sɛ woannom w’aduru no wɔ bere a ɛfata mu da biara a, worentumi nni mmoawa no so. |
| Nnafua 28 a wonwie | Sɛ wugyae aduru no ntɛm a, mmoawa no benya hokwan asan ayɛ adwuma bio. |
| San a wɔbɛda no adi bio | Sɛ wosan nya mmoawa no bio bere a worenom PEP no a. |
| Mmoawa bi a ɛko tia nnuru | Sɛ HIV a wohyiaa no no tumi ko tia PEP nnuru a. |
So nsunsuanso bɔne bi wɔ PEP ayaresa mu?
Ebia nnipa binom benya ɔhaw nketenkete afi PEP nnuru mu, nanso mpɛn pii no eyinom nyɛ aniberesɛm.
- Ɔbrɛ
- Abofono
- Ɔfe a wɔfe
- Ayamtuo
- Ti a ɛyɛ yaw
Sɛ biribi te sɛ eyi si a , nnyae nnuru no nom . Wubetumi ne wo duruyɛfo akasa na woanya ano aduru.
Sɛ mewɔ HIV a, ɛhe na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ?
HIV a obi benya no yɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ . Mma nsɛe bere.
Wubetumi akɔ mmeae yi:
1. Ayaresabea a Ɛhwɛ Ayaresa a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) a ɛwɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn hɔ no:Eyi ne ɔkwan a eye sen biara na ɛyɛ ntɛm sen biara. Sɛ wokyerɛkyerɛ wo tebea no mu wie a, wɔbɛyɛ nea ɛho hia.
2. Nna mu Akwahosan Ayaresabea / STD Ayaresabea: Wubetumi nso anya mmoa ama eyi denam STD ayaresabea ahorow a ɛwɔ aban ayaresabea ahorow a wobɛkɔ so.
3. W’abusua Oduruyɛfo: Ebia wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛw wo PEP, nanso ɛda adi kɛse sɛ wɔde wo bɛkɔ ETU anaa oduruyɛfo titiriw nkyɛn.
Baabiara a wobɛkɔ no, ka no pefee sɛ , "Misusuw sɛ manya HIV, na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara." Bere yɛ ade titiriw wɔ ha.
Dɛn na ɛba wɔ nnafua 28 akyi?
Sɛ wowie PEP a, ɛsɛ sɛ wosan yɛ HIV nhwehwɛmu bio sɛnea wo duruyɛfo kyerɛ wo no. Mpɛn pii no, wɔbɛsan asɔ wo ahwɛ adapɛn 4-6 wɔ bere a wode wo ho ahyɛ mu akyi, adapɛn 12 (asram 3), ne adapɛn 24 (asram 6). Eyi nkutoo ne ɔkwan a wobɛfa so anya awerɛhyem 100% sɛ woannya ɔyare no.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- HIV a obi benya no yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ. Mma nsɛe bere mfa suro anaa n’ani nnwu.
- Ɛho hia sɛ wofi ase sa PEP ayaresa wɔ nnɔnhwerew 72 akyi bere a wɔanya mmoawa no. Dodow a wufi ase ntɛm no, dodow no ara na edi yiye.
- Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔfa PEP ayaresa nnafua 28 , a da koro mpo nnye, na sɛnea oduruyɛfo no kyerɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
- Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no Emergency Department (ETU) ntɛm ara.
- Fa kɔndɔm di dwuma bere nyinaa wɔ nna mu bere a worenom PEP ne kosi sɛ wo HIV nhwehwɛmu a etwa to no bɛkyerɛ sɛ wunni bi.
- Ɛho hia paa sɛ woyɛ HIV nhwehwɛmu a wo duruyɛfoɔ kamfo kyerɛ no wɔ mmerɛ a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ wɔ ayaresa akyi.
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