Sɛ wo duruyɛfo aka wo mogya mmoroso ho asɛm pɛn, anaasɛ wakyerɛkyerɛ nnuru a wonom ma wo mogya mmoroso no mu a, ebia woate din ahorow te sɛ ACE inhibitors ne ARBs. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka nhyehyɛe a ɛwɔ eyinom nyinaa akyi ho asɛm, nea ɛhwɛ yɛn mogya mmoroso so bere nyinaa, te sɛ super management team a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Yɛfrɛ eyi Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, anaa RAAS tiawa. Ɛwom sɛ ebia edin no bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ den kakra de, nanso ne dwumadi yɛ mmerɛw yiye na ɛho hia yiye.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne RAAS?
Fa no sɛ wo nipadua no wɔ ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe bi a ɛhwɛ wo mogya so bere nyinaa na sɛ ɛkɔ fam dodo a, ɛyɛ ho biribi ntɛm. Ɛno ne nea RAAS no yɛ. Ɛyɛ hormone, enzyme, ne protein ahorow a wɔaboaboa ano. Saa nhyehyɛe yi atirimpɔw titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛma yɛn mogya mmoroso ne yɛn mogya dodow akɔ so ayɛ adwuma bere tenten.
Saa nhyehyɛe yi boa ma yɛn nhyɛso kɔ soro wɔ akwan atitiriw abiɛsa so:
- Sodium (nkyene) a asaabo no san twetwe no kɛse: Sɛ nkyene dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu kɔ soro a, nsu nso kɔ so tra nipadua no mu.
- Nsu a ɛsan twetwe (retention): Eyi ma mogya dodow kɔ soro wɔ nipadua no mu.
- Vascular tone: Yɛn mogya ntini a ɛyɛ den . Sɛnea nsu afiri a wɔpiapia no ma nsu no sen ntɛmntɛm no, sɛ mogya ntini no twetwe a, nhyɛso kɔ soro.
Nnipa atitiriw baasa na wɔwɔ saa super team yi mu. Momma yenhu wɔn.
| Ade titiriw a wɔde yɛ aduan | Adwuma a wɔreyɛ no |
|---|---|
| Renin na ɔkyerɛwee | Eyi yɛ enzyme bi a yɛn asaabo na ɛyɛ. Ɛte sɛ ɔwɛmfo. Ɛyɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan a ɛma saa nhyehyɛe yi yɛ adwuma bere a ohu sɛ mogya mmoroso rekɔ fam no. |
| Angiotensin II a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu | Oyi ne kuw yi kannifo. Ɛyɛ hormone a tumi wom yiye. Ɛyɛ nneɛma atitiriw pii, te sɛ mogya ntini a ɛtwetwe ne ka kyerɛ nipadua no sɛ ɔnkora nkyene ne nsu so. |
| Aldosterone a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu | Saa hormone yi fi adrenal glands a ɛwɔ yɛn asaabo atifi no mu. N’adwuma titiriw ne sɛ ɛbɛka akyerɛ asaabo no ma akora sodium (nkyene) wɔ nipadua no mu na ayi potassium afi nsu mu. |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na RAAS nhyehyɛe yi yɛ adwuma?
Eyi te sɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn mu adeyɛ. Sɛ ade biako si a, ɛkanyan biribi foforo. Momma yɛnte saa anammɔn yi ase sɛ asɛm a ɛnyɛ den.
Fa no sɛ biribi nti (sɛ nhwɛso no, woahwere nsu pii afi wo nipadua mu - nsu a ɛho ayɛ fĩ, anaasɛ woahwere mogya bi wɔ akwanhyia ketewaa bi mu) wo mogya mmoroso so tew.
1. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a edi kan: W’asaabo te sɛ nneɛma a ɛma wohu nneɛma. Sɛ wɔte nhyɛso a ɛso tew yi nka a, wɔn ani gye na woyi enzyme bi a wɔfrɛ no renin kɔ mogya no mu.
2. Nkyerɛase a edi kan: Bere a saa renin yi nam mogya no mu no, ehyia protein bi a wɔfrɛ no angiotensinogen, a wɔyɛ wɔ yɛn mmerɛbo mu na ɛkɔ mogya no mu. Renin bubu protein yi mu na ɛde yɛ hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no angiotensin I. Nanso saa angiotensin I yi nyɛ adwuma, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ entumi nyɛ adwuma pii.
3. Ɔkannifo no Awo: Afei, bere a saa angiotensin I a ɛda hɔ yi fa mogya no mu, titiriw fa yɛn ahurututu mu no, enzyme titiriw bi wɔ hɔ. Ɛno ne Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) no . Nea ACE enzyme yi yɛ ne sɛ ɛfa saa angiotensin I a ɛda hɔ no na ɛdan no angiotensin II a tumi wom yiye na ɛyɛ adwuma no . Seesei wɔawo ɔkannifo ankasa no.
4. Ɔkannifo ahyɛde: Seesei saa angiotensin II a ano yɛ den yi reyɛ adwuma pii prɛko pɛ:
- Ɛkɔ mogya ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no afasu ho tẽẽ na ɛtwetwe , te sɛ nea wɔrepiapia nsu afiri. Eyi ma mogya mmoroso kɔ soro amonom hɔ ara.
- Ɛkɔ adrenal glands a ɛwɔ asaabo no atifi no mu tẽẽ, na ɛka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ wɔnyɛ hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no aldosterone .
- Ɛsan nso ma pituitary gland a ɛwɔ amemene no mu no yɛ Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH).
5. Nea efi mu ba awiei koraa: Seesei a aldosterone ne ADH bom ka kyerɛ asaabo no sɛ, " Mma sodium (nkyene) ne nsu mfi nipadua no mu, fa sie nipadua no mu ." Bere koro no ara mu no, aldosterone yi potassium a nipadua no nhia no fi nsu mu.
- Sɛ nkyene kɔ so tra nipadua no mu a, nsu nso kɔ so tra hɔ.
- Sɛ nsu dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu kɔ soro a, mogya a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya ntini mu nyinaa (mogya dodow) kɔ soro.
- Sɛ mogya no mu duru kɔ soro na mogya ntini no mu yɛ den a, mogya mmoroso san kɔ soro ankasa.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, RAAS nhyehyɛe no yɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ adwuma ankasa a sɛ mogya mmoroso kɔ fam a, ɛma nhyɛso no yɛ kɛse denam nkyene ne nsu a ɛkora nipadua no mu, mogya ntini a ɛtwetwe, ne nea ɛkeka ho so.
Abusuabɔ bɛn na ɛda RAAS nhyehyɛe yi ne komayare ntam?
Eyi yɛ asɛm a ɛho hia paa. Wɔ tebea horow a ɛfata mu no, RAAS nhyehyɛe no boa ma yegye yɛn nkwa. Nanso, wɔ tebea horow a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ te sɛ komayare mu no, nhyehyɛe pa yi fi ase yɛ adwuma tia yɛn.
Fa no sɛ obi koma ayɛ mmerɛw na entumi mfa mogya a ɛdɔɔso nkɔ nipadua no mu. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no komayare.
- Sɛ koma no tumi a ɛbɔ no so tew a, mogya dodow a ɛkɔ akwaa a ɛho hia te sɛ asaabo mu no so tew.
- Sɛ mogya a ɛkɔ asaabo no mu so tew a, wosusuw sɛ, "Oo, nhyɛso no sua, ɔhaw kɛse!" Enti asaabo no ma RAAS nhyehyɛe no yɛ adwuma ntɛmntɛm wɔ ne tumi nyinaa mu.
- Afei nipadua no yɛ angiotensin II ne aldosterone pii dodo . Eyinom ma mogya mmoroso kɔ soro na ɛma nipadua no kura nkyene ne nsu mu.
- Nanso ɔhaw a ɛwɔ ha ne sɛ nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro ne mogya dodow a ɛkɔ soro yi bɛyɛ adesoa kɛse mpo wɔ koma a ayɛ mmerɛw dedaw na adi huammɔ so. Ɛte sɛ nea wode adesoa foforo bɛto obi a ontumi mma adesoa a emu yɛ duru so.
- Sɛ wɔde koma no hyɛ saa nhyɛso foforo yi ase bere kɔ so a, koma no yɛ mmerɛw, koma no ntini yɛ den, na koma no trɛw. Eyi ma komayare yɛ kɛse.
Esiane eyi nti, nnuru a nnuruyɛfo kyerɛw ma nnipa a wɔwɔ komayare ne mogya mmoroso no mu pii yɛ nea wɔde asi RAAS nhyehyɛe yi dwumadi so tẽẽ.
Nnuru a ɛka RAAS nhyehyɛe no
Nnuru atitiriw pii a wɔde sa mogya mmoroso ne komayare siw anammɔn ahorow a ɛkɔ so wɔ RAAS nhyehyɛe yi mu no kwan.
| Aduru ko a wɔde yɛ | Sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma |
|---|---|
| Nneɛma a Wɔde Siw ACE Ano | Wokae saa ACE enzyme a ɛdan angiotensin I ma ɛbɛyɛ angiotensin II a tumi wom no? Nea nnuru yi yɛ ne sɛ esiw saa enzyme no ano. Afei saa "ɔkannifo" no a wɔyɛ no so tew. |
| Nnuru a Wɔde Siw Angiotensin Receptor (ARBs) . | Saa nnuru yi nsiw angiotensin II a wɔyɛ no ano. Nanso wosiw "apon" (receptors) a ɛma saa angiotensin II no kɔ mmeae te sɛ mogya ntini na ɛyɛ adwuma no. Ɛte sɛ nea ɔkannifo no de ahyɛde rema, nanso obiara ntie. |
| Mineralocorticoid Nnuru a Ɛko Tia Nnuru a Ɛma Nnipa Nnya Nsu (MRA) . | Eyinom siw hormone aldosterone a ɛmma nkyene ne nsu a ɛmma nipadua no mu no so tew no dwumadi kwan tẽẽ. |
| Beta-blockers a wɔde siw ano | Ɛwom sɛ eyinom nnya RAAS nhyehyɛe no so nkɛntɛnso tẽẽ de, nanso ɛboa ma renin a asaabo no yɛ no so tew, na ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛhwɛ nhyehyɛe no nyinaa so fi mfiase. |
Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda RAAS ne Baroreceptor Reflex ntam?
Nhyehyɛe foforo a ɛhwɛ mogya mmoroso so ne Baroreceptor reflex . Momma yɛnte nsonsonoe a ɛda abien no ntam ase kɛkɛ.
- Baroreceptor Reflex: Eyi yɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ adwuma ntɛm ara, wɔ sikɔne kakraa bi mu . Fa no sɛ wote ase na afei mpofirim ara wosɔre gyina hɔ. Afei nhyɛso no so tew kakra. Saa bere no, mogya a ɛkɔ ti no so no so tew na ebia w’adwene tu fra. Nanso ɛno nsi, ɛnte saa? Nea enti a ɛte saa ne Baroreceptor reflex. Ɛma koma no bɔ kɛse wɔ sikani kakraa bi mu, ɛma mogya ntini no mu yɛ den kakra, na ɛsakra nhyɛso no. Ɛte sɛ kar mu nneɛma a ɛtwetwe ahodwiriw, na ɛhwɛ nsakrae a ɛba mpofirim so.
- RAAS nhyehyɛe: Eyi yɛ bere tenten , nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ brɛoo kakra. Egye nnɔnhwerew pii, nna pii mpo ansa na wɔatumi ayɛ adwuma. Ɛhwɛ mogya mmoroso so bere tenten denam nsu ne nkyene dodow a ɛsakra wɔ nipadua no mu no so. Ɛte sɛ engine management system a ɛwɔ kar mu, a ɛhwɛ sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma bere tenten.
Saa nhyehyɛe abien yi nyinaa bom yɛ adwuma ma yɛn mogya mmoroso kɔ so yɛ nea ɛfata.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) yɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ adwuma ankasa a ɛhwɛ yɛn nipadua mogya mmoroso ne nsu dodow so bere tenten.
- Sɛ mogya mmoroso so tew a, nhyehyɛe yi yɛ adwuma, na ɛma nkyene ne nsu kɔ so tra nipadua no mu, ɛma mogya ntini no mu yɛ den, na ɛma nhyɛso san ba sɛnea ɛsɛ.
- Wɔ tebea horow te sɛ komayare ne mogya mmoroso mu no, nhyehyɛe yi betumi ayɛ adwuma dodo, na asɛe koma ne nipadua no.
- Nnuru pii a wɔde sa mogya mmoroso ne komayare (te sɛ ACE inhibitors ne ARBs) no atirimpɔw ne sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ RAAS nhyehyɛe yi dwumadi so tẽẽ.
- Sɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso anaa komayare bi a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛnom w’aduru no sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Nnyae w’aduru no nom anaasɛ nsakra dodow a wode ma no da a wunni kan nkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn.
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