So mogya retu w’ani mu? Momma yensua mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ retina mu ho ade!

So woasusuw pɛn sɛ mogya ntini nketenkete a ɛwɔ yɛn aniwa mu no betumi apae na mogya atu? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a eyi betumi asi a yenhu mpo. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea a ɛte saa ho asɛm, a ɛyɛ retinal hemorrhage, anaa sɛnea yɛfrɛ no wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, `(Retinal Hemorrhage)`. Mma ɛnhaw wo, yɛde nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den bɛkyerɛkyerɛ eyi ho biribiara mu.

Dɛn ne Retinal Hemorrhage?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mogya a ɛba w’aniwa mu no yɛ mogya a ɛretu wɔ w’aniwa no fã bi mu. Retina no te sɛ sini a ɛwɔ mfoninitwa afiri mu, baabi a wɔkyere mfonini ahorow a yehu no gu kasɛt so. Saa mogya a ɛtɔ yi ba bere a mogya ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛwɔ retina no mu no asɛe no.

Eyi betumi aba sɛ wobɔ wo ti denneennen, anaasɛ esiane nyarewa bi a ɛka aniwa no nti, anaa esiane nyarewa a ɛka mogya ntini nti. Mpɛn pii no, saa tebea yi ka aniwa biako pɛ (yɛfrɛ no `unilateral retinal hemorrhage`). Nanso, ɛntaa mma sɛ ebetumi ato aniwa abien no nyinaa prɛko pɛ (yɛfrɛ no `bilateral retinal hemorrhage`).

Fa no sɛ, mogya tu nnipa binom wɔ wɔn ani so saa na wonni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara. Wonnim mpo sɛ asi. Nanso, afoforo betumi ahwere wɔn ani so. Sɛ́ ebia saa ɔsɛe yi bɛtra hɔ daa anaasɛ ɛnte saa no gyina nea ɛde mogya no bae ne mogya dodow a ayera so.

Ɛsono sɛnea wɔde sa yare no gyina nea ɛde ba no so. Mpɛn pii no, mogya a ɛba kakra no nhia ayaresa titiriw biara. Nanso, sɛ w’ani so nhu ade anaasɛ asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ w’ani afura daa a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wode nnuru twitwiw wo mu, wɔde laser sa wo yare, anaa oprehyɛn.

Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ w’ani anaa w’ani so a, kɔ aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara. Sɛ w’ani biako anaa abien no nyinaa hwere mpofirim a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu no tẽẽ.

Mogya ahorow bɛn na ɛma mogya tu wɔ retina mu?

W’ani ho ɔbenfo no begyina baabi a ɛbae wɔ retina no mu so akyekyɛ mogya a ɛretu yi mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi nso a wobetumi de ne nsusuwii akyekyɛ mu. Ɛtɔ da bi a, saa mogya a ɛtɔ yi betumi aka retina no afã horow pii (`multilayered retinal hemorrhage`).

Eyinom ne ahorow atitiriw a wohu no bi:

• Mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ retina no mu: Eyinom yɛ nusu anaa abubuw wɔ retina ntini no mu. Ɛtɔ da bi a wɔfrɛ no ``dot-and-blot hemorrhages'' efisɛ ɛte sɛ nsensanee anaa nsensanee.
• Mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ retinal nerve fiber layer mu:Optic nerve fiber layer (RNFL) yɛ ntini mu nkwammoaa a wɔaboaboa ano a ɛka retina no ne optic nerve no bom. Mogya ahorow a ɛka RNFL no bi ne ogyaframa mogya (a ɛte sɛ ogyaframa), disc mogya a ɛtɔ (a ɛte sɛ dua asinasin mu asinasin), ne mogya a ɛpaapae (a ɛte sɛ dua asinasin mu asinasin).
• Mogya a ɛtɔ ansa na retina: Eyinom fi ntini a ɛtetew vitreous cavity no ne retina no mu. Ɛtɔ da bi a wɔfrɛ wɔn sɛ wɔyɛ hyɛmma anaa D-shaped ɛfiri sɛ wɔda adi sɛ "boat" anaa "D" shaped.
• Vitreous hemorrhages: Ade bi a ɛte sɛ gel a wɔde nsu ne collagen ayɛ ahyɛ yɛn aniwa no mu ma. Wɔfrɛ no vitreous gel. Saa tebea yi ba bere a mogya fi retina no mu kɔ abura a saa vitreous yi wom no mu no.

Henanom na ɛda adi sɛ mogya tu wɔ wɔn ani so?

Saa tebea yi betumi ato obiara ankasa. Nanso, nnipa a wɔwɔ akwahosan tebea horow bi no taa nya bi. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Cholesterol dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ mogya mu (hyperlipidemia) .
• Mogya mmoroso (ntini mmoroso) .
• Ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ den (atherosclerosis) .
• Asikreyare (`Asikreyare`) .
• Macular Degeneration a Ɛyɛ Fɛ

Saa asiane yi nso yɛ kɛse ma nnipa a wɔde nnuru a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw (e.g., aspirin anaa warfarin) di dwuma.

Mma ɛnnyɛ wo nwonwa sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo nso betumi anya saa tebea yi. Nkokoaa a wɔwo wɔn denam akwan a wɔboa ma wɔwo so te sɛ vacuum extraction anaa forceps awo so no mu bɛyɛ fã betumi anya mogya a ɛtɔ wɔn ani so bere a wɔawo wɔn no.

Nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 40 taa nya saa tebea yi esiane aniwa mu haw ahorow a ɛtaa ba bere a obi nyin no nti.

Dɛn ne mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ retina mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Nnipa pii wɔ saa tebea yi nanso wonhu sɛnkyerɛnne biara.

Nanso, sɛ wunya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, ɛda adi sɛ wubehu nsakrae wɔ w’ani so. Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba ne:

• Anisoadehu a ɛyera mpofirim.
• Nkakrankakra a ɛyɛ hu anaasɛ ɛyɛ kusuu.
• Anifuraefo a ɛda adi wɔ anisoadehu mu.
• Nsonsonoe a ɛyɛ tumm anaa nsensanee wɔ anisoadehu mu.
• Kanea a wohu (flashes) anaasɛ wote nka sɛ nneɛma (floaters) wɔ aniwa anim.

Dɛn ne nea ɛde mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ retina mu ba?

Eyi fi aniwa anaa mogya ntini a ɛsɛe bere tenten, anaasɛ opira a ɛba mpofirim (trauma) titiriw. Nneɛma a ɛtaa de ba ne:

• Dɛmdie.
• Ntini mu yare (tebea horow a ɛka wo mogya ntini).
• Nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa.

Nea ɛka ho no, nyarewa te sɛ mogya mu kokoram ne nyarewa te sɛ bacterial endocarditis nso betumi de eyi aba. Wɔ nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 40 mu no, aniwa mu nyarewa a efi mfe a wɔadi te sɛ macular degeneration nso betumi de saa tebea yi aba.

Sɛ wunim sɛ wowɔ saa tebea horow yi mu biako mpo a, nsusuw sɛ akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wubenya mogya a ɛbɛtɔ w’aniwa no mu. Afei nso, saa tebea yi betumi aba sɛ wunnim sɛ wowɔ saa tebea horow yi mu biako mpo a.

Ɛno nti na ɛho hia kɛse sɛ wobɛkɔ akɔhwɛ wo wɔ aduruyɛ mu daa sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi ahu tebea bi a ebetumi ama mogya atɔ wo retina daakye ho kɔkɔbɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ntɛm.

Dɛn na ɛba esiane adwenemhaw nti?

Opira ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ɛde eyi ba:

• Aniwa mu opira: Pira biara a ɛba ti anaa aniwa so no betumi asɛe mogya ntini a ɛwɔ retina no mu.
• Shaken Baby Syndrome: Sɛ wowosow akokoaa anaa abofra a ɔretu mmirika a, ebetumi ama mogya atu wɔn amemene ne wɔn retina. Eyi yɛ asiane kɛse, enti kwati sɛ wobɛwosow mmofra nkumaa.
• Bepɔw so yare: Sɛ wokɔ baabi a ɛkorɔn mpofirim a, nhyɛso a ɛwɔ w’ani mu no betumi asesa na ama mogya atu wo retina. Eyi betumi ato asuguarefo a wofi nsu a emu dɔ mu ba mpofirim no nso so.
• Carbon monoxide (CO) awuduru: Eyi ba bere a wohome wusiw a carbon monoxide (CO) wom no. CO a ɛdɔɔso a wobɛhome, simma kakraa bi mpo no betumi ama woayare kɛse anaasɛ woawu mpo.

Dɛn na ɛba esiane ntini mu yare nti?

Nyarewa a ɛsɛe wo mogya ntini anaa esiw wo kwan nso betumi ama mogya a ɛtɔ wo retina no aba. Saa nyarewa yi yɛ hu kɛse efisɛ mpɛn pii no ɛnna sɛnkyerɛnne biara adi kosi sɛ nsɛnnennen bɛba. Mogya ntini mu nyarewa a ɛtaa ba a ɛma mogya tu wɔ retina mu ne:

• Mogya mmoroso (Hypertension) .
• Cholesterol a ɛdɔɔso
• Retina Ntini a Ɛsiw (RVOs) .
• Awo akyi Preeclampsia
• Mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ nipadua mu

Dɛn na ɛba esiane autoimmune disorders nti?

Nyarewa a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa ne bere a wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no di mfomso tow hyɛ w’ankasa wo nipadua so sen sɛ ɛbɛbɔ wo ho ban no. Ɛnyɛ nea enti a eyi ba no pefee. Nyarewa ahorow bi a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa betumi asɛe wo retina na ama mogya atɔ wo. Nhwɛso ahorow:

• Asikreyare (`Asikreyare`) .
• Lupus a ɛyɛ hu
• Vasculitis (mogya ntini a ɛyɛ hyew) .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobehu mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ retina mu?

W’ani ho ɔyaresafo bɛyɛ w’ani mu nhwehwɛmu.Eyi ne nea wohu. Ɔbɛhwɛ w’ani (a emu ka ho) na wayɛ w’aniwa nhwehwɛmu .

Nea ɛka ho no, wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu afoforo pii de ahu nea ɛde mogya no retu anaasɛ wɔahwɛ sɛnea wɔasɛe retina no kɛse. Sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔtaa yɛ ne:

• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hwɛ sɛ ɔyare mmoawa ne srade dodow a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu anaa.
• Angiography ( nhwehwɛmu a wɔde twa mogya ntini ho mfonini).
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) a Wɔde Yɛ Mfonini .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa retina mogyatɔw?

Sɛnea wɔsa eyi no gyina nneɛma pii so:

• Dɛn nti na ɛte saa?
• W’anisoadehu no aka wo kɛse dɛn?
• Mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ retina mu no yɛ aniberesɛm dɛn?

Nnipa dodow no ara nhia ayaresa titiriw biara. Sɛ mogya ketewaa bi retu wo a, ɛnsɛe, na ɛnka w’ani so a, ɛda adi kɛse sɛ nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ara ne sɛ wobɛma wo duruyɛfo ahwɛ w’ani ahwɛ sɛ mogya no ankasa sa anaa.

Nanso, sɛ wuhia ayaresa a, wubetumi ayɛ nea edidi so yi mu biako:

• Fa laser anaa cryotherapy siesie mogya a ɛretu no .
• Oprehyɛn a wɔbɛyɛ de ama nhyɛso a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu no ayɛ nea ɛfata anaasɛ wɔbɛsan de retina no abata ho.
• Aduru bi te sɛ anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) anaa corticosteroid a wɔde bɛhyɛ aniwa no mu de atew aniwa no mu a ɛho ahonhon so.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ retina mu no sa yare?

W’ani ho ɔbenfo bɛkyerɛ wo bere tenten a ebegye ansa na wo ho atɔ wo, a egyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ne nea ɛde mogya no ba so. Mpɛn pii no, ebetumi agye adapɛn pii ansa na ne ho atɔ no wɔ oprehyɛn akyi.

Bere a wo ho retɔ wo no, ebia ebehia sɛ wokwati sɛ wobɛnom nnuru a ɛma mogya yɛ mmerɛw, te sɛ nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw a wɔtɔn (OTC NSAIDs). Wo ne w’ani duruyɛfo nka eyi ho asɛm.

Sɛ mogya tu me wɔ m’ani so a, dɛn na ɛba?

Nnipa pii ho tɔ wɔn koraa fi saa tebea yi mu, bere a wɔayɛ wɔn oprehyɛn mpo akyi.

Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a mogya a ɛba w’aniwa no mu betumi asɛe w’aniwa no daa, na aka w’ani a wuhu ade wo nkwa nna nyinaa. Anaasɛ, ebia wubenya anisoadehu a ɛba fam wɔ tebea yi akyi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi asiw mogya a ɛbɛtɔ retina no ano?

Ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so asiw eyi ano ne sɛ wobɛkwati tebea horow a ɛde ba no. Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ ni:

• Aduan a ahoɔden wom a srade a ɛyɛ den ne trans, srade, sodium (nkyene), ne asikre nnim a wobedi.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a wɔyɛ no daa.
• Kura mu duru a ɛfata a ɛfata wo mu.
• Titiriw akwahosan tebea biara te sɛ asikreyare, mogya mmoroso, ne srade a ɛdɔɔso a wobedi so.
• Sigaretnom a wobegyae.
• Oduruyɛfo ne aniwa ho ɔyaresafo a wɔbɛkɔ akɔhwɛ wɔn daa.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ m’ani?

Sɛ wohwɛ w’ani ne w’ani so daa a, ebetumi aboa w’ani ho ɔbenfo no ma wahu ɔhaw ahorow ntɛm. Mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’ani no taa gyina mfe a woadi so:

• Mpanyimfo a wonnii mfe 40: Mfe anum kosi du biara.
• Mpanyimfo a wɔadi fi mfe 40 kosi 54: Mfe abien kosi anan biara.
• Mpanyimfo a wɔadi boro mfe 55: Mfe biako kosi abiɛsa biara.

Sɛ wohyɛ ahwehwɛ, contacts, anaa wuhia ade foforo a wɔde hwɛ w’ani a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔtaa hwɛ w’ani. Ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ asikreyare nso yɛ wɔn aniwa mpɛn pii. Bisa w’ani duruyɛfo mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ w’ani.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wuhu nsakrae biara wɔ w’ani anaa w’ani so a, kɔ oduruyɛfo anaa aniwa ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara .

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edidi so yi mu biara a , kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ (ER):

• Anisoadehu a ɛyera mpofirim.
• Aniwa mu yaw a emu yɛ den.
• Sɛ wuhu akanea foforo (`flashes`) anaa nneɛma (`floaters`) wɔ w'ani so a.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Sɛ wuhu sɛ mogya atu wo wɔ w’ani so a, wubetumi abisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm yi:

• Dɛn na ɛde mogya a ɛretu m’ani so yi reba?
• Mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ retina mu bɛn na mewɔ?
• So ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ me oprehyɛn?
• So eyi benya m’anisoadehu so nkɛntɛnso daa?

So mogya a ɛtɔ kɔ retina mu ne retina a ɛtwetwe no yɛ ade koro?

Yiw, ɛwom sɛ eyinom abien nyinaa yɛ ɔhaw ahorow a anibere wom a ɛka retina no de, nanso nsonsonoe wɔ abien no ntam.

Retinal hemorrhage yɛ tebea a mogya ntini a ɛwɔ retina no mu no mu paapae na mogya tu esiane sɛ w’ani asɛe nti. Eyi betumi asi mpofirim, esiane opira bi nti, anaasɛ ebetumi asi bere a bere kɔ so, te sɛ mogya ntini mu yare bi nti.

Retinal a Ɛma Nnipa NyinaaEyi ne bere a wo retina no twe ne ho fi ntini a ɛwɔ w’ani akyi a ɛboa no no ho. Eyi nso betumi ama mogya atɔ retina no mu. Mpɛn pii no, retina a ɛpaapae no nyɛ yaw. Nanso, ebia wubehu nsakrae wɔ w’ani so, te sɛ hann a ɛhyerɛn mpofirim, aniwa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri a ɛyɛ kusuu, anaasɛ aniwa biako a ɛyera mpofirim. Retinal detachment betumi aba esiane opira ne tebea horow te sɛ uveitis a ɛyɛ aniwa no mfinimfini fã a ɛyɛ hyew nti.

Sɛ w’ani biako anaa abien no nyinaa ntumi nhu ade yiye, anaasɛ wufi ase hu nneɛma foforo a ɛhyerɛn ne nea ɛsensɛn nsu so a, kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ no ntɛm ara.

So mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ retina ne mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ aniwa no ase yɛ ade koro?

Eyinom abien nyinaa yɛ nsɛm a mogya tu wɔ aniwa no mu. Nsonsonoe no ne baabi a mogya no rekɔ.

Retina mogya a ɛtɔ no ka retina – nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ aniwa no akyi no.

Mogya a ɛba w’aniwa ase yɛ mogya ntini a ɛpae wɔ w’aniwa ani. Aniwa no yɛ ntini a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛbɔ w’ani ho ban. Mpɛn pii no, eyi yɛ kɔkɔɔ nkutoo, ennya w’anisoadehu so nkɛntɛnso, na ɛno ankasa sa yare.

Awiei koraa no, nkrasɛm a wode bɛkɔ fie:

Retinal hemorrhage yɛ tebea a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde adwene si so kakra. Nanso, mpɛn pii no wotumi di ho dwuma yiye. Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu a worenkyɛ, sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi wɔ w’ani anaa w’ani so a.

• Aniwa mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa betumi aboa ma wɔahu ɔhaw ahorow a ɛtete saa ntɛm.
• Sɛ wowɔ nyarewa te sɛ asikreyare anaa mogya mmoroso a, di so yiye.
• Ɛnyɛ aniwa nko na apɔwmuden asetra kwan a wobedi akyi no ye, na mmom ɛyɛ nipadua no nyinaa nso.

Kae sɛ w’ani som bo paa, enti ɛyɛ w’asɛyɛde sɛ wobɛhwɛ so.

` retina mogya, retina, mogya a ɛba aniwa mu, anisoadehu a ɛyera, aniwa mu yare, asikreyare, mogya mmoroso