Yɛn nyinaa nim sɛ ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wo maame, wo papa, anaa wo nanabea werɛ befi nneɛma bi bere a wɔrenyin no. Nanso so woate nka pɛn sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a saa werɛ a wofi yi kɔ akyiri sen nea ɛfata? Ebia wo werɛ befi nea wokaa ho asɛm anɔpa ansa na anwummere adu no, ebia wo werɛ befi baabi a wode nneɛma a wotaa de di dwuma no gu, na ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo a worenhu nnipa a wɔatwa wo ho ahyia no. Mpɛn pii no, saa tebea yi betumi ayɛ Alzheimer Yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm nnɛ.
Dɛn ne Alzheimer yare? Dɛn ne adwenemhaw?
Nnipa pii ma nsɛmfua abien yi yɛ basaa. Enti nea edi kan no, momma yɛnte nsonsonoe pɔtee a ɛda abien no ntam no ase.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, adwenemhaw nyɛ din a wɔde frɛ yare pɔtee bi. Ɛyɛ asɛmfua a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so, te sɛ "atiridii." Nneɛma ahorow pii na ɛde atiridii ba, te sɛ dengue atiridii ne influensa, ɛnte saa? Saa ara nso na adwenemhaw yɛ asɛmfua a wɔde gyina hɔ ma sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wɔaboaboa ano a ɛka nkae, nsusuwii, nneyɛe, ne da biara da nnwuma a ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛyɛ.
Alzheimer yare no ne ade titiriw a ɛde adwenemhaw ba na ɛtaa ba. Ɛne sɛ, ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ adwenemhaw na obenya Alzheimer yare, nanso ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ Alzheimer yare no na obenya adwenemhaw.
Alzheimer yare yɛ amemene mu nkwammoaa (ntini mu nkwammoaa) a ɛyera nkakrankakra bere a bere kɔ so no. Eyi ma nkae, nsusuwii, ne nneyɛe sakra nkakrankakra. Ɛtaa ka nnipa a wɔadi boro mfe 65. Nanso, ɛnyɛ onyin fã a ɛfata.
Alzheimer yare no afã abiɛsa
Saa yare yi nnya mpofirim. Ɛkɔ so nkakrankakra, ɛnam akwan abiɛsa so.
| Yare no fã | Nneɛma a wotumi hu |
|---|---|
| Mfiase (Mild) . | Saa bere yi de, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no nna adi saa. Wɔn a wɔne wɔn di nkitaho kɛse nkutoo na wobehu nsonsonoe ketewaa bi. Ebia nneɛma bi te sɛ nsɛm a esisii nnansa yi a wo werɛ befi, nsɛm a ɛyɛ den sɛ wubenya, ne baabi a wode nneɛma besi no a wo werɛ afi. Nanso nneɛma te sɛ kar a obi nkutoo bɛka ne fekubɔ dwumadi ahorow a ɔde ne ho bɛhyɛ mu no da so ara tumi yɛ yiye. |
| Kakra | Eyi ne yare no fã a ɛware sen biara. Mprempren yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no reda adi kɛse. Abusuafo ne nnamfo bɛyɛ nea wontumi nhu. Anadwo mu ahomegye a enni hɔ ba. Wobetumi ahu suban mu nsakrae te sɛ adwene mu naayɛ, abufuw, ne abufuw. Esiane sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ obi nkutoo bɛyɛ da biara da nnwuma nti, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɔyarefo no hia obi (ɔhwɛfo) a ɔbɛboa no wɔ saa bere yi mu. |
| Ɔfã a etwa to (Severe) . | Saa bere yi de, ɔyarefo no hia sɛ wɔhwɛ no nnɔnhwerew 24 da biara. Wontumi nyɛ nneɛma atitiriw te sɛ nantew, tra a wɔtra, ne menewa mpo. Wɔhwere tumi a wɔde kasa koraa. Ebia wɔrenhu nneɛma a atwa wɔn ho ahyia no nyinaa. Saa bere yi de, adwumayɛbea ahorow a wɔde hwɛ ɔyarefo no ne n’abusua ho hia yiye na ama wɔatumi aboa ɔyarefo no ne n’abusua. |
Dɛn na ɛde Alzheimer yare no ba?
Nyansahufoɔ da so ara nni mmuaeɛ a ɛyɛ pintinn 100% wɔ nea enti a nnipa binom nya saa yareɛ yi ho, nanso wɔahu sɛ ɛnam ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ amemene no mu a wɔsɛe no ahodoɔ mmienu na ɛde ba titire.
1. Ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛyɛ tangle a ɛba: Protein bi a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene no ntini mu nkwammoaa mu no yɛ tan na ɛyɛ tan. Yɛfrɛ eyi `neurofibrillar tangles`.
2. Ntini mu nkwammoaa ntam: Protein bi a wɔfrɛ no `beta-amyloid` na ɛkɔ ntini mu nkwammoaa ntam, na ɛyɛ ade bi a ɛte sɛ nwura. Wɔfrɛ eyinom `plaques`.
Susuw ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn amemene mu no ho sɛ anyinam ahoɔden nhama nhyehyɛe bi a ɛde nsɛm kɔ. Esiane tangles ne deposits a yɛaka ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ nti, saa anyinam ahoɔden nhama yi ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye. Nkrasɛm a wɔde mena no gyae, na awiei koraa no, saa ntini mu nkwammoaa no wuwu. Eyi ne ade titiriw nti a wɔhwere nkae.
So awosu mu nkwaadɔm nya eyi so nkɛntɛnso?
Yiw, awosu mu nkɛntɛnso bi wɔ hɔ. Sɛ w’awofo anaa wo nuanom anya Alzheimer yare a, ɛda adi kakra sɛ wubenya bi. Nanso ɛno nkyerɛ sɛ wobɛyɛ saa. Wɔahu sɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm bi te sɛ `ApoE (apolipoprotein E),` ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya saa yare yi yɛ kɛse. Nanso eyi nyɛ yare a awosu mu nneɛma nkutoo na ɛde ba.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu yare no?
Sɛ wususuw sɛ wo anaa obi a ɔbɛn wo renya Alzheimer yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi a, ade a eye sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ne sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara, sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, wobɛkɔ ntini ho ɔyaresafo nkyɛn.
Oduruyɛfo no bebisa wo ne w’abusua nneɛma te sɛ:
- Dɛn ne ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ nkae ne nsusuwii mu? Wɔn mu yɛ den dɛn?
- So nsakrae bi ba suban anaa nipasu mu?
- So ɔhaw ahorow yi aka wo da biara da asetra?
Bio nso, wobetumi ayɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de akyerɛ sɛ yare no wɔ hɔ:
- Nkaeɛ ne adwene mu tumi sɔhwɛ: Nsɛmmisa a wɔbisa, ka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ wɔnyɛ akontabuo a ɛnyɛ den, ne kasa ho nimdeɛ a wɔsɔ hwɛ.
- Mogya ne nsu mu nhwehwɛmu: Hwɛ sɛ ebia aduruyɛ mu tebea afoforo (e.g., vitamin a enni nipadua mu) a ebetumi ama obi akae ade anaa.
- Amemene mu nhwehwɛmu: CT, MRI, anaa PET mfonini tumi hu nsakrae a aba amemene no mu.
- Akyi berɛmo mu Tap: Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, wɔsɔ amemene mu nsu (CSF) hwɛ sɛ ebia protein ahorow bi wɔ abusuabɔ a ɛne Alzheimer yare no wɔ abusuabɔ anaa.
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wofɛre anaasɛ wusuro sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu bere a woahu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi ara pɛ. Dodow a wohu yare no ntɛm no, dodow no ara na ɛyɛ mmerɛw ma ɔyarefo no ne n’abusua sɛ wobesiesie wɔn ho ama tebea no.
Ayaresa ne sɛnea wɔhwɛ so
Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, wonnya nnyaa Alzheimer yare no ano aduru biara. Nanso , nnuru pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma yare no akɔ so brɛoo na wɔadi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho dwuma.
Nnuru foforo te sɛ `Lecanemab (Leqembi)` ne `Donanemab (Kinsula)` rebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobesiw yare no nkɔso so denam protein ahorow a epira a ɛboaboa ano wɔ amemene no mu a wobeyi afi hɔ no so. Afei nso, nnuru te sɛ `Cholinesterase inhibitors` ne `Memantine` boa ma wɔkae ne adwene mu dwumadi kɔ so kodu baabi.
Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔnom nnuru yi nyinaa bere a oduruyɛfo akamfo akyerɛ nkutoo.
Wɔ nnuru akyi no, tebea a ahotɔ ne ahobammɔ wom a wɔbɛma ɔyarefo no anya, da biara da dwumadi a wodi akyi, ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛnyɛ den a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu no boa kɛse ma ɔyarefo no asetra tu mpɔn.
Sɛ worehwɛ obi a ɔwɔ Alzheimer yare a...
Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔwɔ Alzheimer yare no hwɛfo a, ebetumi ayɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ den yiye na ɛyɛ den. Nneɛma bi a ebetumi aboa wo ni:
- Fa nhyehyɛe bi si hɔ: Yɛ nneɛma te sɛ aduan, aguare, ne nna bere koro mu da biara. Eyi bɛma ɔyarefo no adwene atu afra.
- Kasa pefee na fa brɛoo: fa nsɛmfua a ɛnyɛ den, kasamu ntiantiaa di dwuma. Fa boasetɔ tie wɔn.
- Hwɛ ahobammɔ so: Yi kapet a ɛyɛ hwerɛma wɔ fie hɔ. Fa nsateaa a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho hyehyɛ aguaree hɔ. Hwɛ yiye bere a ɔyarefo no nkutoo fi adi no.
- Ma ahofadi ho kwan: Ma wɔn kwan ma wɔn ankasa nyɛ nneɛma a wobetumi ayɛ. Eyi bɛbɔ wɔn ho a wobu no ho ban.
- Susuw wo ho nso ho hwɛ:Ɔyarefo a wɔbɛhwɛ no no yɛ ɔbrɛ wɔ adwene ne nipadua mu. Enti gye bere kakra gye w’ahome, yɛ biribi a w’ani gye ho, na sɛ ɛho hia a, kɔka mmoa akuw ho. Sɛ wo ho ye nkutoo a, wubetumi ahwɛ ɔyarefo no yiye.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Alzheimer yare nyɛ onyin fã a ɛfata. Ɛyɛ yare a ɛsɛe amemene no.
- Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ wo nkae a ɛyera, wo suban mu nsakrae, anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛyɛ da biara da nnwuma a, nfɛre na kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.
- Ɛwom sɛ wontumi nsa yare no koraa de, nanso ayaresa ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde siw ne nkɔso so na wodi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho dwuma.
- Obi a ɔwɔ Alzheimer yare a wobɛhwɛ no yɛ asɛnnennen. Ɛhwehwɛ sɛ yenya boasetɔ, ɔdɔ, ne nimdeɛ a ɛfata. Sɛ́ obi a ɔhwɛ wo no, ɛho hia sɛ wohwɛ w’ankasa akwahosan nso.
- Asetra pa (aduan pa, apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ, ne mogya mmoroso a wodi so) betumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya Alzheimer yare no so.
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