So mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no sua? Momma yensua thrombocytopenia ho ade pɛpɛɛpɛ!

Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea bi a ɛde asɛmfua a ɛyɛ hu kakra ba, nanso sɛ wɔbɔ wo amanneɛ yiye a, wobetumi adi ho dwuma yiye ho asɛm. Ɛno ne Thrombocytopenia . Ebia wontee saa din yi da. Anaasɛ ebia oduruyɛfo bi aka ho asɛm akyerɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no. Dɛn na wɔtoo eyi din Thrombocytopenia wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ nwonwa so? Dɛn nti na eyi ba? So ɛyɛ hu? Ɛsɛ sɛ nsɛmmisa a ɛtete saa pii wɔ w’adwenem. Enti momma yɛnka eyinom nyinaa ho asɛm pefee na ɛnyɛ den, te sɛ nea yɛne yɛn adamfo bi rekasa.

Dɛn ne thrombocytopenia?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, thrombocytopenia yɛ bere a mogya nkwammoaa kakraa bi na ɛwɔ wo mogya mu sen sɛnea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ no. Seesei ebia woresusuw sɛ, "Dɛn ne mogya nkwammoaa yi?" Mma ɛnhaw wo, yɛbɛka saa nso ho asɛm.

Susuw ho saa kwan yi so: yɛn nipadua te sɛ adwumayɛbea kɛse bi. Adwumayɛfo ahorow ahorow wɔ adwumayɛbea yi mu ma nnwuma ahorow. Saa ara na nkwammoaa ahorow ahorow wɔ yɛn mogya mu, na emu biara wɔ adwuma pɔtee bi. Mogya mu mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu yɛ adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwuma titiriw kuw a ɛte saa no mu biako.

Enti, sɛ mogya nkwammoaa dodow so tew sen dodow a wɔhwehwɛ a, yɛfrɛ no Thrombocytopenia. Ɛte sɛ bere a awɛmfo kakraa bi na wɔwɔ adwumayɛbea bi no, ɔhaw nketenkete betumi ayɛ akɛse.

Dɛn ne mogya nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu? Dɛn na wɔyɛ?

Nkwammoaa mu nkwammoaa, anaa sɛnea yɛfrɛ no , mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, yɛ nkwammoaa nketenkete a enni kɔla a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu. Wɔyɛ wɔ yɛn nnompe no fã a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔfrɛ no nnompe mu ntini mu . Fa no sɛ nnompe mu ntini yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa adwumayɛbea. Ɛhɔ na wɔyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ (nkwaboaa a ɛma mogya kɔla kɔkɔɔ na ɛde mframa pa kɔ), mogya mu nkwammoaa fitaa (nkwaboaa a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban fi nyarewa ho), ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ.

Enti, ɛwom sɛ ɛyɛ nketewa de, nanso mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yɛ adwuma kɛse paa. Wɔn adwuma titiriw ne sɛ wobegyae mogya a ɛretu, kyerɛ sɛ, mogya no bɛtɔ. Sɛ wopira wɔ baabi a, mogya no gyae bere tiaa bi akyi, ɛnte saa? Wiɛ, mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu yi boa wɔ ɛno mu. Wɔba baabi a wɔapirapira no na wɔbata ho, te sɛ abura, na wɔma mogya no ntumi nkɔ.

Enti wunya adwene no, ɛnte saa? Ntini mu nkwammoaa yɛ yɛn nipadua no fã a ɛho hia yiye a ɛhwɛ mogya a ɛtɔ so, na ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ "plasters" nketewa.

Dɛn nti na Thrombocytopenia ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?

Okay, afei yenim sɛ thrombocytopenia yɛ mogya nkwammoaa a ɛso tew. Nanso dɛn nti na ɛba saa? Nneɛma pii betumi ama eyi aba. Momma yɛnkyekyɛ mu akuw atitiriw abiɛsa:

1. Ntini mu mogya nkwammoaa a efi nnompe mu ntini mu ba no so tew

Sɛ yɛn mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ adwumayɛbea, nnompe mu ntini no, ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, mogya nkwammoaa dodow a wɔyɛ no betumi atew. Eyi betumi afi:

• Nyarewa bi a efi ɔyare mmoawa mu (e.g., ebia woate sɛ mogya nkwammoaa so tew bere a wowɔ dengue atiridii no).
• Nnuru bi (titiriw nnuru a wɔde sa yare).
• Vitamin B12 anaa folic acid a enni nipadua mu.
• Nyarewa a ɛka nnompe mu ntini (e.g., Leukemia , Aplastic Anemia ).
• Nsã a wɔnom boro so.

2. Ntini mu nkwammoaa a ɛsɛe ntɛmntɛm (ɛbubu dodo) .

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛwom sɛ nnompe mu ntini no ma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ ba yiye de, nanso ɛsɛe ntɛmntɛm wɔ nipadua no mu. Te sɛ nneɛma bi a wɔayɛ no yiye bubu bere a wɔde rekɔ no. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne:

• Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a yɛn nipadua no ankasa ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe (immune system) di mfomso fi ase sɛe n’ankasa mogya nkwammoaa. Wɔfrɛ eyi `(Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura - ITP)`. Yebetumi ahu eyi wɔ mmofra nkumaa nso mu.
• Sɛ́ nnuru bi (e.g. heparin) ho nsunsuanso bɔne.
• Tebea horow bi a ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba.
• Ebia nnipa binom behu sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu no so tew kakra bere a wɔyem no, nanso mpɛn pii no ɛnyɛ tebea a emu yɛ den.

3. Ntini mu nkwammoaa boaboa ano wɔ baabi biako wɔ nipadua no mu (titiriw wɔ akyi berɛmo mu) .

Yɛn nipadua no wɔ akwaa bi a wɔfrɛ no ahurututu. Ɛwɔ yafunu no benkum so. Dwuma a akisikuru yɛ no biako ne sɛ ebeyi mogya mu nkwammoaa dedaw afi hɔ. Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ akisikuru no mu yɛ kɛse (sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ nyarewa te sɛ mmerɛbo mu akisikuru mu) a, ebetumi aboaboa mogya nkwammoaa pii ano dodo, na ɛno betumi ama mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no so atew.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ wowɔ thrombocytopenia? Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no?

Sɛ mogya nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ mogya mu no sua a, tumi a ɛma mogya tu no so tew, enti sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow betumi ada adi. Nanso, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mma obiara. Ebia nnipa binom renna sɛnkyerɛnne biara adi sɛ wɔn mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu no sua kakra mpo a. Nanso, sɛ mogya nkwammoaa dodow so tew kɛse a, ebia wubehu nneɛma te sɛ:

• Akuru a ɛnyɛ den: Akuru ketewaa bi mpo betumi ama akuru kɛse a ɛyɛ tumm aba. Ɛtɔ da bi a, nsensanee bruu betumi apue wɔ nipadua no so.
• Nsonsonoe nketenkete kɔkɔɔ/kɔla kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ honam ani (petechiae): Eyinom yɛ mogya mu nsensanee nketenkete a ɛte sɛ nea wɔde dua ketewaa bi abɔ mu na sɛ mia so a, ɛnnyɛ fitaa. Mpɛn pii no, wodi kan pue wɔ nan no so.
• Mogya a ɛretu wo sẽ: Mogya a ɛretu wo sẽ, sɛ́ ebia worehohoro wo sẽ anaasɛ bere a woda hɔ ara kwa no.
• Mogya a ɛtaa tu fi hwene mu.
• Egye bere tenten ansa na mogya atɔ no agyae bere a wapira akyi.
• Mogya a ɛtɔ dodo bere a mmea rekɔ brayɛ mu.
• Ɛntaa mma sɛ mogya betumi aba nsu anaa nsu mu.
• Wɔ tebea horow a emu yɛ den yiye (a ɛntaa nsi) mu no, tebea horow a asiane wom te sɛ mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ amemene no mu betumi aba.

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛnkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ thrombocytopenia. Nanso, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu.

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ wowɔ thrombocytopenia? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, wobebisa wo wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne na wɔahwɛ wo (titiriw sɛ ebia wo ho ayɛ wo kurukuruwa anaasɛ wo ho ayɛ kɔkɔɔ anaa). Afei ebia wɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom mfa nhu sɛ wowɔ thrombocytopenia anaa, na sɛ ɛte saa a, nea ɛde ba:

• Mogya Dodow a Edi Mu (CBC): Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia sen biara. Ɛkyerɛ nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ, nkwammoaa fitaa, ne nea ɛho hia sen biara no, mogya nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no dodow . Nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ dodow a ɛfata wɔ obi a ɔwɔ apɔwmuden mu no yɛ 150,000 kosi 450,000 wɔ mogya mililita biara mu. Thrombocytopenia yɛ bere a dodow yi so tew sen 150,000.
• Peripheral Blood Smear: Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔfa mogya a ɛtɔ gu fam na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛnea mogya nkwammoaa no te ne sɛnea ɛsõ.
• Nhwehwɛmu afoforo: Sɛ wohu sɛ thrombocytopenia no so tew a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo na ama wɔahu nea ɛde ba. Nhwɛsoɔ:
• Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de kyerɛ sɛ obi anya ɔyare mmoawa.
• Sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛfa nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa ho (de hwɛ sɛ tebea bi te sɛ ITP wɔ hɔ anaa).
• Sɛ ɛho hia a, wobetumi ayɛ nnompe mu ntini a wɔde twetwe/biopsy nso. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wɔde ade ketewaa bi bɛfa nnompe mu ntini bi na wɔasɔ ahwɛ ahu sɛ nnompe mu ntini no reyɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ yiye anaa. Wɔtaa yɛ eyi wɔ nsɛm a emu yɛ den kɛse mu.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa thrombocytopenia?

Thrombocytopenia ayaresa gyina nea ɛde mogya nkwammoaa dodow a ɛba fam ba, sɛnea mogya nkwammoaa dodow no sua, ne sɛnea wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no mu yɛ den so.

• Nea ɛde Ba no a Wɔbɛsa: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ wɔsa nea ɛde thrombocytopenia ba titiriw a, mogya nkwammoaa dodow no bɛsan ayɛ sɛnea na ɛte kan no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ aduru bi ama mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ mogya mu no so atew a, aduru no a wobegyae no betumi aboa. Sɛ ɛyɛ vitamin a enni nipadua mu a, vitamin nnuru a wɔnom no betumi aboa.
• Thrombocytopenia a emu nyɛ den: Sɛ wo mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛma mogya tu no sua koraa, na wunni yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne titiriw biara a, ebia wunhia ayaresa titiriw biara. Wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu daa (hwɛ so).
• ITP (Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura) a wɔde sa yare:
• Steroids: Eyinom brɛ nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa a ɛsɛe mogya nkwammoaa no dwumadi ase.
• Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG): Eyi nso ka nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no na ɛtew mogya nkwammoaa a wɔsɛe no so.
• Nnuru afoforo a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa.
• Wɔ tebea horow bi a emu yɛ den mu no, wobetumi atwa akisikuru , efisɛ akyi berɛmo no ne beae titiriw a mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ sɛe.
• Nkwammoaa a Wɔde Ma: Sɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa dodow sua koraa na asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtu a, wobetumi de mogya nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ akyi ama. Nanso, eyi yɛ bere tiaa mu ano aduru.

Nea ɛho hia: Wo duruyɛfo na obesi ayaresa a ɛfata wo ho gyinae, enti ɛho hia paa sɛ wudi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi.

Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ obi a ɔwɔ thrombocytopenia hu?

Sɛ wowɔ thrombocytopenia a, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛhwɛ nneɛma yi so na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtɔ wo no so atew:

• Kwati agumadi ne dwumadi ahorow a ebetumi ama woapira: Twe wo ho fi agumadi a ɛfa nkitahodi ho (e.g. rugby, akuturukubɔ).
• Hwɛ yiye bere a wode nnwinnade a ano yɛ nnam redi dwuma no: Hwɛ yiye paa bere a wode nneɛma te sɛ nnade ne nkankyee redi dwuma no.
• Fa brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw di dwuma bere a worehohoro wo sẽ no. Kwati sɛ wubepira wo sẽ.
• Nnom nnuru bi a wo duruyɛfo mfa afotu mma: Nnom nnuru a ɛma mogya tu, titiriw aspirin anaa ibuprofen, a wo duruyɛfo no mpene so. Eyinom ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mogya bɛtɔ no yɛ kɛse.
• To nsa nom ano hye anaasɛ gyae koraa.
• Kwati akisikuru: Di nnuan a ahoɔdennuru pii wom (nhabannuru, nnuaba) na nom nsu pii, efisɛ akisikuru betumi ama mogya atu bere a woreyɛ den no.
• Sɛ mogya tu wo soronko, wo ti yɛ wo yaw kɛse, anaa sɛnkyerɛnne foforo bi a, ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ntɛm ara.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wokae (Take-Home Message) .

Ɛwom sɛ edin thrombocytopenia no betumi ayɛ hu de, nanso ɛyɛ tebea a sɛ wunim, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn wɔ bere a ɛsɛ mu, na wonya ayaresa a ɛfata a, wubetumi adi ho dwuma yiye.

Kae:

* Thrombocytopenia yɛ mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ mogya mu a ɛso tew.

* Nkwammoaa mu nkwammoaa nketenkete yɛ nkwammoaa nketenkete a ɛboa ma mogya gyae.

* Nneɛma pii betumi ama yɛayɛ saa.

* Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ bruu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ mogya tu wo anom a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn.

* Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobetumi ahu eyi denam mogya mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔfrɛ no CBC so.

* Ayaresa no gyina nea ɛde tebea no ba ne sɛnea emu yɛ den so.

Enti, sɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no wɔ ɔhaw bi a ɛte sɛɛ a, mma wo ho nnpopo, mma wo ho nnpopo, na hwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu. Nimdeɛ a ɛfata ne ahobammɔ a eye sen biara!

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