Sɛ wususuw asikreyare ho a, ebia wususuw asikreyare a ɛto so abien a ɛtaa ba bere a worenyin no ho. Nanso so wunim sɛ asikreyare foforo bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aba wɔ mfe biara mu, titiriw wɔ mmofra ne mpanyimfo nkumaa mu? Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no Asikreyare a Ɛto so 1. Ɛyɛ soronko kakra, nanso sɛ wodi ho dwuma yiye a, ɛrensiw wo kwan sɛ wobɛtra ase a ahoɔden wom koraa. Momma yɛnka ho asɛm wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wubetumi ate ase so.
Dɛn ne Asikreyare a Ɛto so 1?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, asikreyare a ɛto so 1 yɛ tebea a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa a yɛn nipadua no ankasa nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no tow hyɛ nkwammoaa a ɛma insulin (beta nkwammoaa) a ɛwɔ yɛn ankasa dwensɔtwaa mu no so na ɛsɛe .
Susuw ho hwɛ, insulin te sɛ safe a ɛboa asikre anaa glucose a ɛwɔ yɛn mogya mu no ma ɛkɔ yɛn nkwammoaa mu ma ɛyɛ ahoɔden. Afei, sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛma insulin yi fi hɔ a, nipadua no ntumi nyɛ insulin a ehia no. Afei asikre a ɛwɔ mogya no mu no ntumi nkɔ nkwammoaa no mu na ɛboaboa ano wɔ mogya no mu. Saa na ɛba wɔ saa yare yi mu.
Kan no na wɔfrɛ no "mmofra asikreyare" efisɛ na wɔtaa hu wɔ mmofra ne mpanyimfo nkumaa mu. Nanso seesei yenim sɛ ebetumi aka mpanyimfo a wɔadi mfe biara.
Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda Type 1 ne Type 2 ntam?
Eyi yɛ beae a nnipa pii kɔda.
- Wɔ Type 1 mu no: Nipadua no gyae insulin a ɛyɛ koraa , enti ɛho hia sɛ wɔfa insulin fi abɔnten na ama atra ase.
- Wɔ Ɔkwan a Ɛto so 2 mu no: Ɛwom mpo sɛ nipadua no yɛ insulin de, nanso dodow no nnɔɔso, anaasɛ nipadua no nkwammoaa ntumi nyɛ saa insulin no ho biribi yiye (insulin resistance).
Dɛn ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no? Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu no ntɛm?
Mpɛn pii no, yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne tumi da adi ntɛm ara , ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔ adapɛn kakraa bi mu. Ɛho hia sɛ wohu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Sukɔm a emu yɛ den ne ano a ɛyɛ kusuu | Sukɔm ankum bere a wɔanom nsu mpo akyi. |
| Nsu a wɔtaa tow | Ɛho hia sɛ wɔtaa tow nsu, titiriw anadwo. |
| Mu duru a wɔtew so a ntease biara nnim | Sɛ wudidi yiye na ɔkɔm de wo mpo a, wo mu duru so tew. |
| Ɔkɔm a emu yɛ den | Ɔkɔm a wɔte nka ntɛmntɛm bere a woadi mpo awie no. |
| Ɔbrɛ ne mmerɛwyɛ a ɛtra so | Bere nyinaa a wɔte nka sɛ wayɛ mmerɛw. |
| Anisoadehu sesa | Nneɛma te sɛ anisoadehu a ɛyɛ kusuu. |
| Nyarewa a wɔtaa nya | Honam ani, nsu, anaa ɔbea awotwaa mu yare a ɛsan ba bio. |
Asikreyare a ɛto so 1 a efi ase akyiri yi wɔ mpanyimfo mu (LADA) .
Ɛtɔ da bi a, wohu saa yare yi wɔ mpanyin afe so (wɔ mfe 30-50 ntam). Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ ‘Asikreyare a Ahintaw a Ɛko Tia Nyarewa wɔ Mpanyimfo Mu’ (LADA). Esiane sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi nkakrankakra nti, ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobetumi adi mfomso aka sɛ ɛyɛ asikreyare a ɛto so abien.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔtete mmofra nkumaa?
Wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a wohu wɔ mpanyimfo mu akyi no, mmofra nkumaa ne nkokoaa betumi ada sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow adi bere a wɔanya saa yare yi no. Ɛho hia sɛ awofo hu eyi.
- Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsesa akokoaa mpaboa mpɛn pii sen sɛnea wɔtaa yɛ no.
- Diaper a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛnsa ɛmfa ho sɛ wɔasa no yare no.
- Abofra a wɔatete no wɔ tiafi fi ase ma mpa no yɛ nsu.
- Ɔhome a ɛkɔ soro.
- Yafunu mu yaw ne ɔfe.
- Nsakrae a ɛba abofra no nneyɛe mu (mpɛn pii no ne bo fuw, ne ho yɛ basaa).
- Hua a ɛyɛ dɛ a ɛyɛ nnuaba a efi ɔhome mu (eyi yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a asiane wom).
Sɛ wo ba no wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi betumi ayɛ te sɛ atiridiinini a ɛfata, nanso ebetumi ayɛ asikreyare a ɛto so 1.
Dɛn ne nea enti a ɛte saa? So ɛyɛ awosu mu?
Wɔda so ara nnim nea enti pɔtee a yɛn nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no tow hyɛ n’ankasa nkwammoaa so, nanso wogye di sɛ efi awosu mu su ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia nyinaa .
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu (ɛna, agya, wo nua) wɔ asikreyare a ɛto so 1 a, asiane kɛse wom kakra sɛ wo nso wubenya bi. Nanso ɛno nkyerɛ sɛ akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wubenya bi.
Fa no sɛ, sɛ wowɔ awosu mu nkwaadɔm a ɛma wotumi nya yare no ntɛmntɛm mpo a, ebia ebegye nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia, te sɛ ɔyare mmoawa, ansa na saa awosu mu nkwaadɔm no "ayɛ adwuma".
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu yare no? Sɔhwɛ ahorow bɛn na wɔyɛ?
Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a ɛto so 1 a, ade a edi kan a wɔbɛyɛ ne sɛ wɔbɛsɔ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu ahwɛ.
| Sɔhwɛ | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| A1c sɔhwɛ | Wubetumi anya adwene bi wɔ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu wɔ asram 2-3 a atwam no mu. |
| Mmuadadi Mogya mu Asikre Sɔhwɛ | Wɔhwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wɔn mogya mu bere a wonnii biribiara bɛyɛ nnɔnhwerew 8 akyi. |
| Mogya mu Asikre Ho Nhwehwɛmu a Wɔanhyɛ Da | Hwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu bere biara wɔ da no mu. |
Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi ahu sɛ wowɔ asikreyare anaa. Nanso sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubehu no yiye sɛ ebia ɛyɛ type 1 anaa type 2 no, wo duruyɛfo no bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu kakraa bi bio.
- Autoantibody sɔhwɛ: Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia sen biara. Wɔ asikreyare a ɛto so 1 mu no, protein soronko (autoantibodies) wɔ mogya no mu a ɛtow hyɛ nkwammoaa a wɔyɛ insulin no so. Saa sɔhwɛ yi hwehwɛ eyinom.
- Ketones nhwehwɛmu: Sɛ insulin yera a, nipadua no fi ase hyew srade de hwehwɛ ahoɔden. Wɔfrɛ acid a efi mu ba no ketones. Wobetumi ahu eyinom wɔ nsu mu.
Ayaresa ne asetra mu nhyehyɛe
Ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a ɛto so 1 nti na w’asetra aba awiei. Wubetumi atra ase akyɛ paa, apɔwmuden, ne anigye. Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ wobɛma asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no ayɛ nea ɛfata.
Insulin a wɔde di dwuma yɛ ahyɛde.
Wɔ asikreyare a ɛto so 1 mu no, wo nipadua no ntumi nyɛ insulin, enti ɛsɛ sɛ wofa insulin fi abɔnten da biara da . Worentumi nnom insulin wɔ aduruyɛ mu, efisɛ ɛpaapae wɔ wo yafunu mu. Enti ɛsɛ sɛ wode nom wɔ nnuru a wɔde twitwiw nipadua mu anaasɛ wode insulin pɔmpɛ.
Insulin ahorow pii wɔ hɔ. Ɛsono bere a egye na wɔde ayɛ adwuma ne bere tenten a egye. Wo duruyɛfo begyina nneɛma pii so akyerɛ insulin ko ne dodow a ɛfata wo, a mfe a woadi, w’asetra kwan, ne sɛnea wodidi ka ho.
Asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu a wɔbɛhwɛ daa
Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛma asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no akɔ so ayɛ nea wopɛ sɛ wunya da mũ no nyinaa. Akwan abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so ayɛ eyi:
1. Glucometer: Ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so yɛ nhwehwɛmu ne sɛ wogye mogya ketewaa bi fi nsateaa ano.
2. Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM): Sensor ketewaa bi a wɔde si honam ani hwɛbea no ankasa hwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu simma kakraa biara na ɛde data no kɔ wo fon anaa mfiri foforo so. Sɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no dɔɔso anaasɛ ɛba fam a, ɛbɔ wo kɔkɔ.
Aduan ne asetra kwan
Asikreyare a ɛto so 1 a wubenya no nkyerɛ sɛ wuntumi nnidi. Nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye wɔ aduan dodow a wudi ho, titiriw carbohydrates (starch). Ɛsɛ sɛ wosakra insulin dodow a wode ma no ma ɛne aduan dodow a wudi hyia.
- Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ . Fa nhabannuru, nnuaba, ne aburow a wɔayam pii ka ho.
- To anonne a asikre wom, nnuan a ɛyɛ dɛ, ne carbohydrates a wɔayam (abodoo, pasta) ano hye.
- Yɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa. Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ma nipadua no tumi te nka wɔ insulin ho kɛse.
- Di adwennwen ho dwuma na da sɛnea ɛsɛ . Eyinom nso ka asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu.
Nsɛnnennen bɛn na ebetumi aba esiane asikreyare nti?
Sɛ wɔanhwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu no so yiye bere tenten a, nipadua no afã horow betumi asɛe. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo. Sɛ wudi wo ho so yiye a, wubetumi asiw nsɛnnennen yi pii ano.
Ɔhaw a ɛho hia na egye ntɛmpɛ sen biara ne asikreyare ketoacidosis (DKA) . Eyi ba bere a nipadua no nni insulin, na ɛma ketones ne asikre boaboa ano wɔ mogya no mu, na ɛma mogya no yɛ acidic. Eyi yɛ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu.
Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ ɔfe, yafunu mu yaw, home ntɛmntɛm, nna a ɛtra so, ne nnuaba hua a ɛba wo home mu , ebetumi ayɛ DKA. Kɔ ayaresabea bi Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm (ETU) ntɛm ara.
Nsɛnnennen a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ betumi ayɛ komayare, asaabo mu yare (nephropathy), aniwa a ɛsɛe (retinopathy), ne ntini a ɛsɛe. Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so asiw eyinom ano ne sɛ wubedi wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi na woama asikre, mogya mmoroso, ne srade dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no ayɛ nea ɛfata.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Asikreyare a ɛto so 1 nyɛ wo mfomso. Ɛyɛ tebea a nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa.
- Ɛwom sɛ eyi yɛ tebea a ɛkɔ so wɔ wo nkwa nna nyinaa mu de, nanso sɛ wɔde insulin sa yare na wɔsakra w’asetra mu a, wubetumi atra ase a ahoɔden wom koraa na ɛyɛ nnam.
- Ade a ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu daa na woakɔ so ayɛ nea wo duruyɛfo de ama wo no.
- Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi fa eyi ho a, nsuro sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa pefee. Wɔyɛ krado bere nyinaa sɛ wɔbɛboa wo.
- Ɛnyɛ wo nko ara. Nnipa pii wɔ hɔ a wɔte saa tebea yi mu. Enti monyɛ den.
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