So ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wuhu nsakrae kakra wɔ w’ani so, wo ho yɛ kusuu, anaa w’aniwa yɛ wo yaw? Ebia wo duruyɛfo aka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔfrɛ no VEP. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu nka kakra na wopɛ sɛ wuhu, "Dɛn ne sɔhwɛ yi?" Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛnnɛ yɛbɛkasa wɔ ɔkwan tiawa so na adamfofa kwan so afa nea VEP sɔhwɛ yi yɛ, nea ɛhwehwɛ, ne sɛnea wɔyɛ no ho.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne VEP sɔhwɛ yi?
Fa w’ani sɛ mfoninitwa mfiri abien. Nea saa mfoninitwa mfiri yi hu, kyerɛ sɛ, nsɛm a wotumi hu no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde kɔ amemene no mu. Bere a wɔde asoma no nkutoo na yebetumi ate nea saa ade no yɛ ase pɛpɛɛpɛ. Enti, wɔde VEP (Visual Evoked Potential) sɔhwɛ yi di dwuma de hwɛ sɛ saa nkitahodi kwan a ɛda w’ani ne w’amemene ntam yi reyɛ adwuma yiye anaa.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, sɔhwɛ yi susuw anyinam ahoɔden sɛnkyerɛnne ko a w’amemene no fã a ɛfa anisoadehu (aniwa mu ntini) no de ma bere a wohwɛ ade a ɛkanyan aniwa, kyerɛ sɛ, mfonini bi no.
Saa afã horow yi nyinaa yɛ nkitahodi kwan, anaa aniwa kwan a ɛda aniwa ne amemene no ntam no dea:
- Aniwa: Baabi a yehu nneɛma.
- Optic Nerves: Te sɛ nhama a ɛde nsɛm fi aniwa mu kɔ amemene no mu.
- Optic Chiasm: Beae titiriw bi wɔ amemene no mu a ntini ahorow a efi aniwa abien no mu twam.
- Optic Tract: Ɔkwan a ɛde nsɛm fi aniwa ntini no mu kɔ amemene no mu.
- Optic Radiation: Ɔkwan yi fã foforo.
- Cerebral Cortex: Amemene no fã a awiei koraa no ɛyɛ saa nsɛm yi ho adwuma na ɛte ase sɛ, "Akongua ni" anaa "Maame ni."
Sɛ ɔhaw ketewaa bi anaa akwanside bi wɔ baabiara wɔ ɔkwan yi nyinaa so a, ɛbɛda adi wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so wɔ VEP sɔhwɛ no mu.
Dɛn nti na oduruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ VEP nhwehwɛmu?
Nneɛma pii nti na wobetumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ VEP nhwehwɛmu. Titiriw no, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wobɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu yi sɛ adwenem naayɛ bi wɔ hɔ sɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a ebia ɛreka w’aniwa aniwa no a. Ebetumi aboa ma wɔahu tebea bi anaasɛ aboa ma wɔate tebea bi a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no ase.
Hwɛ pon a ɛwɔ ase hɔ no ma aduruyɛ mu tebea atitiriw a sɔhwɛ yi betumi aboa ma woahu.
| Tebea/Nea ɛde ba | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Optic Neuritis a efi Multiple Sclerosis (MS) mu ba . | Eyi ne ade a ɛtaa ma wɔyɛ VEP sɔhwɛ. MS yɛ yare bi a ɛka ntini ahorow. Wɔ saa yare yi mu no, aniwa ntini no betumi ayɛ hyew, na ɛma nsɛnkyerɛnne a efi aniwa no mu kɔ amemene no mu no kyɛ. |
| Aniwa Ntini Glioma | Akisikuru bi a ɛba aniwa ntini no so no betumi asɛe nsɛnkyerɛnne a wɔde mena. |
| Compression a ɛwɔ aniwa no mu | Saa aniwa kwan yi betumi asiw esiane tebea horow te sɛ hydrocephalus anaa pituitary adenoma nti. |
| Ti anaa amemene mu opira | Saa sɔhwɛ yi boa ma wohu sɛ ebia saa sɛnkyerɛnne kwan yi asɛe esiane akwanhyia bi nti anaa. |
| Aniwa mu Ntini a Ɛyɛ Awuduru | Nnuru anaa awuduru bi te sɛ carbon monoxide betumi asɛe aniwa ntini no. |
Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ VEP nhwehwɛmu nkutoo nhu yare bi. Oduruyɛfo no de nsɛm a obenya afi sɔhwɛ yi mu no bɛtoto wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne nhwehwɛmu afoforo a efii mu bae ho na ama wanya asɛm a etwa to.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na sɔhwɛ yi yɛ adwuma?
Eyi yɛ adeyɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye ankasa a ɛnyɛ yaw. Fa no sɛ wowɔ sensor nketewa a wɔde abata wo ti ho. Wɔ nnuruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ saa electrode ahorow yi .
Wɔde saa electrode nketewa a ɛte sɛ dade disc yi bata wo ti nhwi ho wɔ mmeae pɔtee bi. Afei, wotena monitor bi anim. Wɔ saa screen no so no, checkerboard nsusuwso bi a ɛrehyerɛn pue na ɛyera.
Sɛ wohwɛ a, w’ani hu mfonini no, na saa nsɛm no fa aniwa ntini no so kɔ amemene no mu. Sɛ amemene no nya saa sɛnkyerɛnne no a, anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi kɔ so wɔ amemene no mu nkwammoaa ntam. Electrodes a ɛbata ti no ho no susuw saa anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi no na wɔkyerɛw gu afiri so. Wɔtaa de EEG (Electroencephalogram) afiri a ɛkyerɛw anyinam ahoɔden asorɔkye a ɛwɔ amemene no mu no mmoa na ɛyɛ sɔhwɛ yi.
Saa afiri yi susuw bere tenten a egyee ansa na amemene no yɛɛ n’ade wɔ mfonini no ho fi bere a aniwa no huu no, ne sɛnea na saa mmuae no mu yɛ den. Wɔkyerɛw saa mmuae no sɛ asorɔkye nhyehyɛe. Oduruyɛfo bi a ɔyɛ ɔbenfo hwehwɛ asorɔkye nhyehyɛe ahorow yi mu de hwehwɛ akyɛde biara anaasɛ nea ɛnteɛ biara.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi asiesie wɔn ho ama sɔhwɛ no?
Eyi nhia ahosiesie pii. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ wudi anammɔn yi akyi da a edi sɔhwɛ no anim:
- Hohoro wo ti nhwi yiye na ma ɛho tew. Fa shampoo, fa nsu hohoro mu yiye, na ma ɛyow.
- Mfa ngo, gel, anaa aduru biara a wɔde petepete wo ti nhwi so da a wobɛyɛ sɔhwɛ no. Sɛ wowɔ saa nneɛma yi wɔ wo ti nhwi so a, electrode ahorow no rentumi nnye amemene no mu nsɛnkyerɛnne no yiye.
- Wo duruyɛfo anaa ayaresabea bɛma wo akwankyerɛ foforo a ɛfa eyi ho. Tie biribiara yiye na di akyi. Nsuro da sɛ wubebisa sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi a.
Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ sɔhwɛ no?
Sɛ wokɔ sɔhwɛ dan mu a, worennya biribi a ɛyɛ hu.
1. Nea edi kan no, mfiridwuma ho nimdefo bɛma woatra akongua so yiye.
2. Afei, wɔde gluu soronko bi bata electrode ahorow no ho wɔ wo ti nhwi no mmeae pɔtee bi. Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobetumi ayi saa gluu yi afi hɔ akyiri yi.
3. Afei, wɔde aduru bi bɛkata w’ani biako so.
4. Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ hwɛ chessboard nsusuwso a ɛda adi wɔ screen a ɛwɔ w’anim no so yiye.
5. Sɛ wɔde aniwa biako wie sɔhwɛ no wie a, wɔsan yɛ sɔhwɛ no wɔ ɔkwan koro no ara so wɔ aniwa foforo no so.
Sɔhwɛ no nyinaa betumi agye bɛyɛ simma 60 . Worente ɛyaw biara nka wɔ saa bere yi nyinaa mu.
Dɛn na sɔhwɛ ho amanneɛbɔ no ka?
Ntini mu ɔyaresafo bi na ɔhwehwɛ asorɔkye a efi sɔhwɛ no mu no mu, na ɔsusuw nneɛma te sɛ bere a egye ansa na amemene no ayɛ n’ade wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a efi aniwa no mu ho (latency) ne ahoɔden a ɛwɔ saa mmuae no mu (amplitude).
Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ tebea te sɛ Multiple Sclerosis (MS) mu no, myelin a ɛkata ntini ahorow no ho no sɛe, na ɛma ahoɔhare a nsɛnkyerɛnne tu no brɛ ase. Eyi betumi ama amemene no agye bere tenten asen sɛnea ɛte daa ansa na ayɛ VEP nhwehwɛmu (mmuae a ɛkyɛ) ho biribi. Eyi betumi ama oduruyɛfo no anya yare no ho nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛho hia.
Oduruyɛfo titiriw no bɛhwehwɛ eyi mu na wayɛ amanneɛbɔ a edi mũ, na wɔde bɛkɔ akɔma oduruyɛfo a ɔresa wo yare no. Afei wo duruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛkyerɛ amanneɛbɔ no mu akyerɛ wo. Ɔbɛsan nso akyerɛ wo sɛ sɔhwɛ foforo biara ho hia, anaa nea ɛsɛ sɛ anammɔn a edi hɔ no yɛ.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- VEP sɔhwɛ no yɛ sɔhwɛ a ahobammɔ wom a ɛnyɛ yaw a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea nkitahodi a ɛkɔ w’ani ne w’amemene ntam no yɛ ntɛmntɛm na ɛyɛ adwuma yiye.
- Eyi ho hia yiye ma ntini mu nyarewa te sɛ MS a wobehu.
- Ade a ɛho hia sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ da a edi sɔhwɛ no anim ne sɛ wobɛma wo ti nhwi ho atew na ngo ne gel nni mu.
- Mma w’adwene nhaw wo wɔ sɔhwɛ no mu aba ho. Hwɛ wo duruyɛfo na woanya nkyerɛkyerɛmu a eye sen biara na ɛyɛ nokware sen biara.
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