Yɛn nyinaa ate "oprehyɛn" anaa "oprehyɛn" ho asɛm anyɛ yiye koraa no pɛnkoro wɔ yɛn asetra mu, ɛnte saa? Ebia ɛho abehia sɛ yɛn abusua mufo anaa yɛn nnamfonom mu biako yɛ. Anaasɛ ebia yɛahu wɔ TV so anaa sini mu. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ yɛte ehu kakra nka na yɛpɛ sɛ yehu nneɛma pii bere a yɛte saa nsɛm yi. Enti hena ne oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi? Dɛn ankasa na wɔyɛ? Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka eyi ho asɛm tiawa koraa, wɔ ɔkwan a wubetumi ate ase so.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn yɛ oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ tebea horow a ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn a wohu na wɔsa mu. "Oprehyɛn" yɛ adeyɛ a ɛne sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nsakrae wɔ onipa nipadua mu de asiesie yare anaa opira bi. Wɔ oprehyɛn dan no mu no, oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn no na odi kuw no nyinaa anim. Nnuruyɛfo ne ayarehwɛfo afoforo no nyinaa bom yɛ adwuma hwɛ hu sɛ biribiara kɔ so yiye, wɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn no akwankyerɛ ase.
Susuw ho saa kwan yi so: oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn te sɛ mfiridwumayɛfo a ne ho akokwaw a ɔyɛ kar engine. Nanso nea wɔrekyekye wɔ ha ne yɛn nipadua. Ɛyɛ adwuma a asɛyɛde wom kɛse a egye ahokokwaw.
Nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn de nnwinnade ahorow di dwuma de yɛ wɔn adwuma. Nhwɛsoɔ:
- Laser ahorow a wɔde di dwuma
- Ultrasound mfiridwuma
- Scalpels a wɔde hyɛ nipadua no mu
- Nneɛma pii te sɛ nnade.
Oprehyɛn ahorow bɛn na wɔyɛ?
Oprehyɛn ahorow atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ.
1. Oprehyɛn a Wɔbue Mu: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wotwa honam ani fã ketewaa bi na wɔyɛ oprehyɛn wɔ nipadua no fã a ayɛ basaa no tẽẽ. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔde saa kwan yi yi akisikuru kɛse bi anaa wɔ koma mu oprehyɛn ahorow bi mu.
2. Minimally Invasive Surgery: Eyi ne "oprehyɛn a wɔde mfoninitwa afiri boa" a yɛn nyinaa ate ho asɛm. Sɛ́ anka wobetwitwa kɛse no, wɔyɛ ntwitwiridii nketenkete biako anaa nea ɛboro saa. Wɔde mfoninitwa afiri ne nnwinnade titiriw bi fa saa mmeae a wɔatwa no mu de yɛ oprehyɛn no. Mfaso a ɛwɔ eyi so ne sɛ bere a obi ho tɔ no yɛ tiaa, ɛyaw no sua, na akuru no sua koraa . Nanso, ɛnyɛ oprehyɛn nyinaa na wobetumi ayɛ saa kwan yi so. Ɛno gyina wo duruyɛfo so.
Nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn ho adwuma titiriw ahorow
Nnuruyɛfo bi wɔ hɔ a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn a wɔn ho akokwaw wɔ yɛn nipadua no fã biara mu. Sɛnea obi a ɔyɛ soronko wɔ hɔ ma kar tae ne obi a ɔyɛ soronko ma engine no. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea oprehyɛn titiriw no yɛ.
| Oprehyɛn Ho Adesua Titiriw | Nea Wɔsa |
|---|---|
| Oduruyɛfo a Ɔyɛ Oprehyɛn Kɛse | Wɔyɛ oprehyɛn ma tebea horow pii a ebetumi aba wɔ nipadua no fã biara (e.g. appendicitis, gallstones, hernias). |
| Ntini mu Oprehyɛn ho Ɔbenfo | Wɔyɛ oprehyɛn ma nyarewa a ɛfa amemene, akyi berɛmo, ne ntini nhyehyɛe ho (sɛ nhwɛso no, amemene mu akisikuru, akyi berɛmo mu opira, ntini a ɛtwetwe). |
| Nnompe Ho Oprehyɛn ho Ɔbenfo | Wɔsa ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa nnompe, ntini, ne nkwaa ho. Fa no sɛ, sɛ yɛbubu yɛn nsa anaa yɛn nan wɔ akwanhyia mu, anaa sɛ yehia nkwaa foforo te sɛ kotodwe a, yɛkɔ oduruyɛfo yi nkyɛn. |
| Thoracic / Koma ne Ahurututu Ho Oprehyɛn | Nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn (e.g., oprehyɛn a wɔde twa ho hyia) wɔ koma, ahurututu, ne akwaa afoforo a ɛwɔ koko mu. |
| Awo ne Mmea Ho Ɔbenfo (OB/GYN) . | Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ ma ɛnanom a wɔyem ne oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ ma mmea awo nhyehyɛe mu nyarewa (e.g. awotwaa mu ntini a ɛyɛ den). |
| Mmofra Oprehyɛn Ho Ɔbenfo | Efi mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo so kosi mmofra nkumaa so no, yɛyɛ oprehyɛn titiriw ma mmofra nkutoo. |
| Oduruyɛfo a Ɔyɛ Plastic Oprehyɛn | Wɔsan de nipadua akwaa a asɛe wɔ akwanhyia mu no ba, wɔsa ɔhyew, na wɔyɛ oprehyɛn a wɔde siesie wɔn ho. |
| Aniwa ho ɔyaresafo | Aniwa ho animdefo, a wɔyɛ aniwa ne aniwa ho oprehyɛn te sɛ aniwa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a woyi fi hɔ. |
| Aso, Hwene ne Menewa Ho Oprehyɛn (ENT Oprehyɛn) . | Wɔyɛ nneɛma te sɛ tonsil a woyi, sinus haw, ne aso oprehyɛn. |
Akwantu a ɛkɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn mu
Oduruyɛfo a ɔbɛyɛ oprehyɛn no yɛ akwantu tenten a wɔahyira so. Egye mfe pii adesua ne ntetee.
- Nea edi kan no, ɛsɛ sɛ wotwam wɔ Advanced Level Biology ɔfã a kɔla ahorow a ɛtu wom no mu na afei wokɔ aduruyɛ sukuu mu.
- Ɛno akyi no, ɛsɛ sɛ wosua ade mfeɛ 5 wɔ aduruyɛ sukuu mu na wonya MBBS abodin krataa.
- Ɛno akyi no, ɛsɛ sɛ wopaw oprehyɛn ho adwuma titiriw bi a wopɛ na wonya mfe pii ntetee (residency) wɔ ayaresabea ahorow kosi sɛ wobɛyɛ oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo wɔ saa adwuma titiriw no mu.
Saa akwantu yi betumi agye bɛyɛ mfe 10-15. Enti wubetumi ate nimdeɛ ne osuahu pii a oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn wɔ no ase. Enti sɛ worekɔyɛ oprehyɛn a, wubetumi anya awerɛhyem sɛ wowɔ nsa a ahobammɔ wom kɛse mu.
Dɛn nti na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ yɛn oprehyɛn?
Nneɛma pii nti na ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn. Ebi yɛ nea egye ntɛmpɛ (emergent), bere a afoforo nso yɛ nea wɔpaw.
Fa no sɛ, sɛ wuhyia akwanhyia a emu yɛ den na wontumi nsiw mogya a ɛretu no ano a, ɛno yɛ oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ no ntɛm ara . Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ no ntɛm ara. Sɛ ɛnte saa a, oprehyɛn a wɔde besi kotodwe ananmu, a wonom nnuru kakra ma wo kotodwe mu yaw na afei woma wɔyɛ no da a edi hɔ no yɛ oprehyɛn a wɔayɛ ho nhyehyɛe .
Nneɛma atitiriw a enti wobetumi ayɛ oprehyɛn no bi ni:
- Hu yare bi pɛpɛɛpɛ: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔahu nea yare no yɛ ankasa no, wɔyɛ oprehyɛn de yi ntini ketewaa bi fi nipadua no mu na wɔhwehwɛ mu (biopsy).
- Yi/siesie afã horow a asɛe anaa yare: Sɛ nhwɛso no, yi dwensɔtwaa no fã bi bere a appendicitis aba, anaasɛ kokoram akisikuru a wobeyi afi hɔ.
- Yi akwanside bi fi hɔ: Sɛ asaabo mu ɔbo bi akyea a, yi fi hɔ.
- Akwaa a wɔde si ananmu: Akwaa te sɛ asaabo, koma, ne mmerɛbo a wɔde si ananmu.
- Fa afiri bi hyɛ nipadua no mu: Te sɛ nea wode afiri a ɛma koma no bɔ kɛse bɛhyɛ mu de ahwɛ sɛnea koma no yɛ adwuma yiye.
- Sesa sɛnea obi te: Sɛ́ wɔbɛfa oprehyɛn a wɔde yɛ nipadua no mu ayɛ nsakrae bi wɔ ne honam ani hwɛbea mu.
Sɛ oduruyɛfo no ka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn a, nsuro. Nsɛmmisa anaa dadwen biara a wowɔ wɔ ho, .Bisa oduruyɛfo no. Ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu akyerɛ wo.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn yɛ oduruyɛfo titiriw a watete no yiye na ɔwɔ nimdeɛ a ɔnam oprehyɛn so sa nyarewa.
- Wɔakyekyɛ oprehyɛn ahorow abien mu titiriw: nea wobue ne nea ɛnyɛ nea wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu kɛse.
- Nnuruyɛfo bi wɔ hɔ a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn a wɔn ho akokwaw wɔ yɛn nipadua no afã horow (e.g., koma, amemene, nnompe).
- Oprehyɛn ho hia esiane nneɛma ahorow nti, te sɛ nea wɔde behu yare bi, asiesie opira bi, anaa agye obi nkwa.
- Sɛ wɔayɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wɔbɛyɛ wo oprehyɛn a, nsuro sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa pefee na woanya nsɛm no nyinaa. Gye di sɛ wowɔ nnuruyɛfo kuw a wɔn ho akokwaw na ahobammɔ wom nsam.
👩🏽 ⚕️ Nsɛmmisa foforo (FAQs)
💬 Hena ankasa ne Mmea ne Awo Ho Oduruyɛfo / VOG?
‘Mmea ho ɔyaresafo’ yɛ oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw wɔ nyarewa a ɛwɔ ‘mmea awo nhyehyɛe (awotwaa, awotwaa, awotwaa)’ (Cysts, Fibroids) mu. Saa ara nso na ‘Awo ho oduruyɛfo’ yɛ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ ‘Nyinsɛn ne Awo’ so. Wɔ Sri Lanka no, yɛka saa mfuw abien yi bom (OB/GYN) na yɛfrɛ no ‘VOG (Obstetrician and Gynecologist)’.
💬 Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ ɔbea kɔ Gynecologist (VOG) nkyɛn nea edi kan?
Eyi nti na mmea hia VOG ɛnyɛ bere a wɔrebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobenyinsɛn/wobenyinsɛn abofra nkutoo! Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔbea a wafi ase rekɔ brayɛ mu sɛnea ɛsɛ mpo kɔ oduruyɛfo titiriw yi nkyɛn sɛ 1) ne ɔsram biara nna kyɛ a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so/ɛyɛ yaw (sɛ akisikuru no yɛ nea wontumi nnyina ano a), 2) n’awotwaa mu nsu a emu yɛ den anaasɛ akisikuru bi a ɛyɛ hu a.
💬 Dɛn ne 'Red Flags' a edi awu/ɛyɛ hu a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wode ahopere kɔ mmea ho ɔyaresafo nkyɛn?
Asiane a ɛsen biara! 1) Sɛ ɔbea a onyinsɛn nya yafunu ase yaw kɛse a mogya tu wɔ ɔbea no awotwaa mu (Ectopic Pregnancy) a, afiri no bɛpae na ɔyarefo no awu wɔ sikɔne kakraa bi mu! 2) Sɛ mogya tu bio wɔ mfe pii a woagyae brayɛ akyi (Endometrial Cancer) a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ VOG ntɛm ara!
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