Is your skin dry? Let's talk about this! (Dry Skin)

Does your skin feel a little rough and flaky? Does it sometimes feel dry and flaky after a shower or when you go out on a cold day? Most of us have experienced this at some point in our lives. This is what we simply call "dry skin." It's usually not a big deal, but sometimes it can cause discomfort and itching. So today, let's talk about all about dry skin.

Simply put, what does this dry skin mean?

Dry skin means that your skin is not getting enough moisture, which is essential for keeping your skin smooth and healthy. This moisture is also called xeroderma in medical terms. If the condition is more severe, meaning that the skin is very dry, it is called xerosis .

When you have dry skin, you feel a rough texture to your skin. It can look flaky or crusty in some places. Sometimes, it can be accompanied by itching (pruritis) , which may or may not occur. However, if the skin becomes very dry, it can crack and bleed. So it is very important to take care of this.

What are the main types of dry skin?

Dry skin can come in many forms. Sometimes it can even be a symptom of another skin condition. Let's take a look at the main types.

Why does our skin become dry? Are you at risk too?

There is not just one cause of dry skin, there are many factors that can contribute to it. Let's look at the main causes.

• Aging : As we age, the oil-producing glands in our skin become less active. As a result, the skin's natural moisture content decreases, making it thinner and drier. This is normal.
• Climate and environment: The environment you live in also has a big impact on this. People who live in dry areas with low humidity (like the dry zone of Sri Lanka), as well as those who live in areas with very cold, harsh winds (like some times in mountainous areas), may experience more dry skin. This is especially true during the winter.
• Other diseases and genetic influences: Some people may be born with a higher tendency to have dry skin. Dry skin can also be a symptom of medical conditions such as diabetes , kidney disease , allergies , and eczema .
• Occupation: Some occupations are also at higher risk. People who wash their hands frequently (such as doctors and nurses) are more likely to be exposed to chemicals .People who work with people (like hairdressers) and those who often work outdoors (like farmers) are at higher risk of dry skin.

What are the symptoms of dry skin?

There are several signs that you can look for to tell if your skin is dry.

• Skin feels rough and tight .
• Skin irritation .
• Peeling of the skin.
• Skin looks like coral .
• Itching .
• Skin color becoming lighter or darker than normal, sometimes taking on a red or purple hue.

Sometimes, when the skin becomes very dry, a rash can develop on it, which can be itchy and swollen. In medical terms, this is called dermatitis , which means swelling or inflammation of the skin.

Is there a way to check at home if my skin is dry?

Yes, you can check this yourself with a simple test. Use your fingernail to slowly, without any pressure, draw a line on the skin of your arm or leg. Don't scratch, just draw slowly. When you do, see if a white line is left along the line, as if it were drawn with a chalk stick. Or if the skin flakes off like small dust or snowflakes. If so, that's a sign that your skin is dry.

What can be done to treat dry skin?

The good news is that treating and managing dry skin isn't that difficult. The key is to replenish lost moisture.

The best thing to do is to use a moisturizer.

The main and best treatment for dry skin is to use a moisturizer. These work to smooth the skin, prevent cracking, and rebuild the skin's natural protective layer. There are many types of moisturizers - ointments, creams, lotions, and oils.

When choosing a good moisturizer, consider these things:

• Choose one that does not contain fragrances , as fragrances can sometimes dry out the skin even more.
• Look for one that doesn't contain ingredients that dry out the skin , such as isopropyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, or sulfates.
• Retains skin moistureChoose one that contains emollients, such as petroleum jelly, hyaluronic acid, lanolin, or mineral oils.
• Look for things like glycerin that attract moisture to the skin .
• If there is itching, you can use a cream containing a steroid such as hydrocortisone (under medical advice).
• It is best to use a sunscreen with an SPF value to protect yourself from the sun.

Medications for severe conditions

Sometimes, if your skin is very dry, itchy, or cracked, your doctor may prescribe a topical steroid. These work to reduce swelling and itching. In very severe cases, oral medications or even injections may be recommended.

Things you can do at home to prevent dry skin

Just as important as treating it is preventing dry skin. Adding these simple things to your routine can make a big difference.

• Be careful when bathing: Don't bathe in very hot water. Use lukewarm water. Instead of harsh soap, use a mild, fragrance-free, moisturizing non-soap cleanser.
• After bathing: Don't dry yourself off with a towel right after bathing. Gently pat your skin dry and apply a good moisturizer while your skin is still slightly damp . This will help your skin retain moisture better.
• Apply moisturizer several times a day: Make it a habit to apply moisturizer in the morning, before going to bed at night, and after bathing.
• Drink plenty of water: Hydrating the body from the inside is also very important for the skin.
• Reduce foods and drinks that dry out the skin: Alcohol, caffeine (coffee, tea), sugar, and foods and drinks high in salt can dehydrate the body and cause dry skin.
• Avoid smoking: Nicotine is a very drying agent for the skin.
• Add moisture to the air at home: If you live in a very dry environment, it's a good idea to use a humidifier.

When should you definitely see a doctor?

Dry skin can usually be managed at home. However, if you have any of these symptoms, be sure to see your doctor.

• If you have persistent, uncontrollable itching (especially if it interferes with your sleep or daily activities).
• If the skin looks infected (red, warm, or swollen).
• If you feel pain when touching the skin.
• If you have a rash and it hasn't healed.

"I put on moisturizer, but my skin is still dry. Why is that?" - Is this a problem you have too?

This is a problem that many people have. If your skin is dry even though you've used a good moisturizer, it could be due to one of these reasons.

• The moisturizer you're using may not be suitable for your skin . It may contain ingredients like alcohol and sulfates that dry out your skin.
• You probably wash your skin frequently with very hot water .
• You may not be applying moisturizer enough times a day .
• Your dry skin could be a symptom of another medical condition that may require separate treatment.
• The moisturizer you are using may be expired .

At times like this, the best thing to do is talk to your doctor. He or she will tell you exactly what treatment is best for you.