Èbu alesi wò ŋutilã wɔnae, alo alesi wò lãmenugbagbeviwo gagbugbɔna dzɔna ne èle tsitsim tso ɖevime va ɖo tsitsime ŋu kpɔa? Nyateƒee, míaƒe ŋutilã nye aɖaŋudɔ ɖedzesi aɖe. Aɖaŋu sia ƒe akpa vevi aɖe—si ŋu ɖewohĩ èse nu tsoe kpɔ—ye nye nusi míeyɔna be Lãmenugbagbeviwo .
Nuka Tututue Nye Lãmenugbagbeviwo?
Ne míagblɔe kpuie la, ne wò ŋutilã nye xɔ gã aɖe la, ke lãmenugbagbeviwoe nye gɔmeɖoanyia. Woawoe nye ŋutilã ƒe "nu xoxo" lãmenugbagbevi tɔxɛwo, siwo te ŋu dzia lãmenugbagbevi bubu siwo wɔa dɔ tɔxɛwo. Bu eŋu ale: lãmenugbagbevi triliɔn geɖe le wò ŋutilã me, eye le wo dome la, ŋutete tɔxɛ aɖe le lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu be woawɔ lãmenugbagbevi tɔxɛ siwo wu 200, abe ʋumenugbagbeviwo alo ƒumelãmenugbagbeviwo ene. Lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi ɖeka tua wò ŋutilã bliboa tso gɔmedzedzea me ke, gake ƒomevi bubuwo ya wɔa dɔ abe beléle na dɔwɔƒea ene, eye wowɔa nuwo ɖɔɖɔɖodɔwo le afisiafi si wò ŋutilã hiã wo le.
Aleke Lãmenugbagbeviwo Wɔa Dɔe?
Ŋutete tɔxɛ eve le lãmenugbagbeviwo si siwo mele lãmenugbagbevi bubu aɖeke si o:
- Gbã la, woate ŋu ama wo ɖokui me ahawɔ woƒe nɔnɔmetata siwo sɔ pɛpɛpɛ. Togbɔ be lãmenugbagbevi dzrowo mãna hã la, woƒe agbenɔƒe seɖoƒe li na. Gake lãmenugbagbeviwo ate ŋu awɔ wo ɖokui yeye tegbee.
- Evelia, woawo koe nye lãmenugbagbevi siwo te ŋu va zua "vovototodedeameme" (etɔxɛe). Esia fia be ne lãmenugbagbevi aɖe gblẽ la, woate ŋu awɔ lãmenugbagbevi yeye siwo koŋ hiã be woatsɔ aɖɔlii. Kpɔɖeŋu vevi aɖewoe nye esi:
- Ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔlékuiwo (si woyɔna be "hee-muh-tuh-poy-tik") ƒe dɔe nye be woawɔ wò ʋumenugbagbeviwo (dzẽ kple ɣi) eye woado alɔ wò dɔlélenutsiŋutete.
- Basal stem cells doa alɔ wò ŋutigbalẽmenugbagbevi siwo le vevie na ŋutigbalẽ ƒe gbugbɔgadzɔ kple abi ƒe dɔyɔyɔ .
- Mesenchymal stem cells (si woyɔna be "meh-zen-kai-mul") kpena ɖe ƒu, ƒunukpeƒe , lãmeka, kple ami lãmenugbagbeviwo tutuɖo ŋu.
Nukatae Lãmenugbagbeviwo Le Vevie Alea?
Menye ɖeko lãmenugbagbeviwo le vevie na míaƒe ŋutilã tutuɖo kple edzikpɔkpɔ ko o; wo hiã vevie na atikewɔwɔ ŋuti numekuku. Numekulawo srɔ̃a nu tso wo ŋu le susu vevi geɖe ta:
- Alesi dɔlélewo dzɔnae gɔmesese: To lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe tsitsi le dodokpɔxɔwo me kple ŋkuléle ɖe alesi wotrɔna zua lãmenugbagbevi alo ŋutinu aɖewo koŋ ŋu la, numekulawo ate ŋu ase alesi nɔnɔmewo abe suklidɔ , dzidɔ , alo ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔlélewo dzea egɔmee heyia ŋgɔe le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ɖoɖo nu gɔme nyuie wu.
- Lãmenugbagbevi siwo gblẽ alo esiwo ŋu dɔléle le ɖɔliɖɔli: Esia nye ŋugbedodo ƒe akpa vevi aɖe. Numekulawo le numekuku wɔm tso alesi woatrɔ lãmenugbagbeviwo woazu lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi aɖewo koŋ atsɔ ada abi alo nɔnɔme siwo nɔa anyi didi ŋu. Bu etsɔme aɖe si me, le kpɔɖeŋu me, woaƒã ŋutigbalẽ yeye atsɔ ada dzobibi sesẽwo, woadzra abi siwo woxɔ le aklã ƒe akpa aɖe ɖo, alo woazã lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔdamɔnu atsɔ akpɔ nɔnɔmewo abe Parkinson ƒe dɔléle ene gbɔ nyuie ŋu kpɔ.
- Atike kple atike yeyewo dodokpɔ: Numekulawo zãa lãmenugbagbeviwo tsɔ doa atike yeyewo kpɔna be wole dedie eye wowɔa dɔ nyuie hã. To lãmenugbagbevi tɔxɛwo zazã me—le kpɔɖeŋu me, lãmenugbagbevi siwo ŋu wotrɔ asi le le domenyiŋusẽfianu me be woasrɔ̃ dɔléle aɖe koŋ—la, dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo ate ŋu ada alesi atike aɖe wɔa dɔe akpɔ ahade dzesi eƒe nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu hafi woate ŋu adoe kpɔ le atikewɔnyawo me, si ate ŋu ana woaɖe ɣeyiɣi kple gazazã dzi akpɔtɔ le atikewo wɔwɔ me.
Nukae Nye Lãmenugbagbevi Ƒomevi Veviwo?
Ðɔktawo daa lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖe hatsotsowo me le woƒe dzɔtsoƒe alo woƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ŋutete nu. Ƒomevi vevi siwo ŋu wòle be nànya nu tsoe nye esi:
- Fugboe (siwo ŋu ŋusẽ geɖe le) ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo:Ŋusẽ ɖedzesi aɖe le lãmenugbagbevi siawo ŋu be woazu lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi ɖesiaɖe kloe le ŋutilãa me, abe ŋutigbalẽ, dzi, alo ahɔhɔ̃ me lãmenugbagbeviwo ene. "Pluri" gɔmee nye "geɖe," eye "ŋusẽ" fia "ŋusẽ." Zi geɖe la, numekulawo xɔa esiawo tso ka me ʋu si wona alo fugboe siwo wowɔ to In Vitro Fertilization dzi siwo wotsɔ na hena numekuku.
De dzesii: Fugboe ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo zazã nye nya si ŋu wole nya hem le le agbenyuinɔnɔ kple dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me le xexeame katã. Eyata wowɔ ɖoɖo ɖe wo zazã ŋu vevie eye wowɔa wo le agbenyuinɔnɔ ŋuti mɔfiame sesẽwo te.
- Lãmenugbagbevi siwo ku ɖe lãmenugbagbevi tɔxɛwo ŋu (siwo ŋu ŋusẽ geɖe le alo esiwo ŋu ŋusẽ mele o): Lãmenugbagbevi siawo ate ŋu awɔ lãmenugbagbevi yeyewo, gake lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi si me wole ko. Numekulawo xɔa nusiawo tso ame tsitsi siwo naa nunala gbɔ.
- Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells alo iPSCs): Esiawo nye ŋgɔyiyi yeye aɖe le egbegbe dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me. Esiawo nye lãmenugbagbevi siwo wowɔ le dodokpɔxɔ me. Ne dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo xɔ ame tsitsiwo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi dzrowo (abe ŋutigbalẽ me lãmenugbagbeviwo ene) eye wogbugbɔ trɔ asi le wo ŋu le domenyiŋusẽfianu me la, woate ŋu ana woawɔ nu abe fugboe ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ene pɛpɛpɛ, eye ŋutete nanɔ wo si be woazu lãmenugbagbevi ƒomevi ɖesiaɖe. Esi wònye be womedzɔ tso fugboewo me o ta la, iPSC-wo kpena ɖe ame ŋu wokpɔa agbenyuinɔnɔ ŋuti dzitsitsi geɖe siwo do ƒome kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋuti numekuku.
Aleke Numekulawo Wɔa Dɔ Kple Lãmenugbagbeviwoe?
Zi geɖe la, dɔa dzea egɔme tso ame tsitsiwo ƒe lãmenugbagbevi siwo wotsɔ na alo iPS lãmenugbagbeviwo wɔwɔ dzi. Emegbe numekulawo zãa nunyiame tɔxɛwo tsɔ dea lãmenugbagbevi siawo dometɔ miliɔn geɖe dea dodokpɔwɔƒea. Woƒe taɖodzinue nye be yewoafia mɔ lãmenugbagbevi siawo be woatrɔ azu lãmenugbagbevi siwo hiã koŋ—abe dzitodzito ƒe lãmeka alo ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ene—to atikewo ƒe dzesi siwo sɔ pɛpɛpɛ kple tsitsinuwɔnawo zazã me.
Aleke Ðɔktawo Zãa Lãmenugbagbeviwo Fifia?
Ðɔktawo le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔdamɔnu siwo wozãna tsɔ daa dɔdamɔnu vovovowo zãm dzidzedzetɔe xoxo egbea. Ne nɔnɔme kpata aɖe dzɔ ɖe dziwò la, taflatse te ɖe 911 alo dɔwɔƒe si kpɔa nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo gbɔ le mia gbɔ enumake.
- Ƒumeŋuɖui Dodo : Esiae nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔdamɔnu si wonya nyuie wu eye wòkpɔa dzidzedze wu. Ðɔktawo ate ŋu azã ame tsitsiwo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo atsɔ aɖɔli lãmenugbagbevi siwo gblẽ alo esiwo mesɔ o le wò ƒumeŋuɖui me kple esiwo le lãmesẽ me. Wozãa mɔnu sia na nɔnɔmewo abe:
- Ʋume Kansa : Wo dometɔ aɖewoe nye ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ, ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ, kple ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ si menye Hodgkin o. Zi geɖe la, ehiãna be woado lãmenugbagbeviwo na dɔnɔwo ne wodo atike alo keklẽŋusẽdɔdamɔnu si sɔ gbɔ, si hiã be woatsɔ atsrɔ̃ kansadɔlékui siwo le ƒumeŋuɖui me vɔ.
- Ʋu ƒe Dɔlélewo: Domenyiŋusẽ ƒe nɔnɔmewo abe sickle cell anemia kple thalassemia ene hã le eme.
- Aplastic Anemia: Nɔnɔme si me wò ƒumeŋuɖui mete ŋu wɔa ʋumenugbagbevi siwo sɔ o.
- Ƒu ƒe Gbagbã Kple Ƒumeŋuɖui ƒe Gbegblẽ: Amekolawo ate ŋu azã ƒu siwo wodo ɖe lãme na ame—siwo wotsɔ lãmenugbagbevi siwo wotsɔ na ƒu, lãmenugbagbeviwo, kple nu bubuwo wɔe—be wòakpe ɖe wo ŋu woaɖɔ ƒu gbagbã sesẽwo ɖo. Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, wole numekuku wɔm ku ɖe alesi woazã lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dodo atsɔ adzra ƒunukpeƒe siwo gblẽ le ƒunukpeƒewo, abe klowo ene, ɖo ŋu.
Ðe ɖɔktawo zãa fugboe ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo kpɔa?
Ɛ̃. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ɖɔktawo zãa lãmenugbagbevi siwo woɖe tso ka me ʋu si wona me tsɔ daa ʋu ƒe dɔlélewo, vevietɔ le ɖeviwo gome. Lãmenugbagbevi siwo ɖi fugboe me tɔwo gake wodze dɔ tɔxɛ wɔwɔ gɔme xoxo la le ka me ʋu me. (Ka me ʋu fia ʋu si susɔ ɖe vidzidɔa me kple vidzidɔa me le vidzĩ dzidzi vɔ megbe.) Atikewɔwɔ si dzi FDA da asi ɖo si dze le fugboe me ʋu ƒe hatsotso me koe nye ka me ʋu si wona zazã.
Afikae lãmenugbagbeviwo le le nye ŋutilã me?
Wokpɔa lãmenugbagbeviwo le wò ŋutilã katã me, togbɔ be wonɔa lãmenugbagbevi aɖewo koŋ me hã. Wole wò ƒumeŋuɖui (si nye dzɔtsoƒe gãtɔ kekeake), ahɔhɔ̃, ʋukawo, ŋutigbalẽ, lãmekawo, aklã, kple dzi me koŋ. Gake ne èle tsitsim la, lãmenugbagbevi siawo ƒe xexlẽme kple woƒe dɔwɔwɔ ate ŋu aɖiɖi le dzɔdzɔme nu.
Nɔnɔme kawoe bɔ ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo dzi?
Wò ƒumeŋuɖui—si nye lãmenugbagbevi falɛfalɛ si le wò ƒu aɖewo me—wɔa lãmenugbagbevi siwo trɔna zua ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo, ʋumenugbagbevi ɣiwo, kple ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo. Ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo tsɔa ɔksidzin, ʋumenugbagbevi ɣiwo wɔa avu kple dɔlékuiwo, eye ʋumenugbagbevi dzĩwo kpena ɖe ame ŋu wòɖua ʋu ƒe dodo dzi. Eyata nusianu si akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe wò ƒumeŋuɖui dzi ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe lãmenugbagbevi siwo wɔa wò ʋu dzi tẽ. Nɔnɔme siwo bɔ siwo gblẽa nu le lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu dometɔ aɖewoe nye:
- Aplastic Ʋusɔgbɔdɔ
- Myeloproliferative disorders (nɔnɔme siwo me ƒumeŋuɖui wɔa ʋumenugbagbevi geɖe akpa) .
- Lymphoma (kansa si le ʋukawo me, si ate ŋu agblẽ nu le ƒumeŋuɖui hã ŋu) .
- Ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ (ʋumekansa ƒomevi aɖe si dzea egɔme tso ƒumeŋuɖui ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo me) .
Aleke mawɔ ana nye lãmenugbagbeviwo nanɔ lãmesẽ me?
Togbɔ be mɔnu aɖeke meli si ŋu kpeɖodzi le si dzi woato "ado ŋusẽ" alo awɔ lãmenugbagbevi geɖe wu o, elabena domenyiŋusẽfianu kple ƒexɔxɔe ɖoa woƒe dɔwɔwɔ koŋ hã la, lãmesẽmenɔnɔ ƒe nɔnɔme bliboa xɔxɔ ate ŋu ado alɔ wò ŋutilã ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo le mɔ si mele tẽ o nu:
- Ðu nuɖuɖu si da sɔ: Lé fɔ ɖe protein siwo me ami mele o, amagbe, atikutsetse, kple nuku gbogbo aɖewo ŋu. Nuɖuɖu siwo me antioxidant sɔ gbɔ ɖo abe blueberries, strawberry, kple aŋgba dama viviwo ene ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu be woakpɔ ame ta tso lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe gbegblẽ me.
- Ƒo asa na atamanono kple atamanono: Atama nye futɔ vevitɔ si gblẽa nu le lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu, gblẽa nu le DNA ŋu, eye wònaa kansa ƒe afɔkua dzina ɖe edzi ŋutɔ.
- Ðe ahanono dzi kpɔtɔ: Le Amerikatɔwo ƒe Dɔdzẽ Habɔbɔ ƒe mɔfiamewo dzi wɔwɔ me la, wokafui be ŋutsuwo naɖo seɖoƒe na ahanono wu eve gbesiagbe, eye nyɔnuwo nagano wu ɖeka o.
- Takpɔ wò ŋutigbalẽ ta: Ƒo asa na keklẽ si woyɔna be ultraviolet (UV) si tso ŋdɔkutsu alo lãgbalẽwuƒe siwo ate ŋu agblẽ nu le ŋutigbalẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu eye wòana nàxɔ kansa la fũ akpa.
- Ƒo nu kple wò ɖɔkta tso atikewɔmɔnuwo ŋu: Dɔlékui aɖewo, abe aklãdɔ ene, ate ŋu agblẽ nu le lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu ɣeyiɣi didi.
- Dzra wò nuteɖeamedzi dzi: Nuteɖeamedzi atraɖii gblẽa nu le wò lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋu. De kamededewo abe ŋugbledede ene eme alo ɖeko nàdi ɣeyiɣi aɖe dzi ɖi be wòakpe ɖe ŋuwò nàlé nuteɖeamedzi ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi akpɔtɔ.
- Ðo alɔ̃dɔdɔ nyuie ɖe nɔƒe gbãtɔ: Alɔ̃dɔdɔe nye ɣeyiɣi vevitɔ si me wò ŋutilã le lãmenugbagbeviwo ɖɔɖɔɖo wɔm.
Ðe mate ŋu adzi nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe xexlẽme ɖe edzi le dzɔdzɔme nua?
Ðewohĩ èxlẽ be vitamin aɖewo (abe D alo B12 ene) alo kpeɖeŋutɔ tɔxɛwo ate ŋu ana wò lãmenugbagbeviwo nadzi ɖe edzi alo ana woƒe lãmesẽ nanyo ɖe edzi. Togbɔ be numekulawo le nu srɔ̃m tso kadodo siawo ŋu vevie hã la, womeɖo kpe edzi kɔte be vitamin tɔxɛwo nono alo nuɖuɖu aɖewo ɖuɖu ana wò lãmenugbagbeviwo nadzi ɖe edzi o. Mɔnu nyuitɔ kekeake gakpɔtɔ nye be woalé nuɖuɖu si da sɔ kple agbenɔnɔ si me lãmesẽ le, si me wowɔa dɔ le me ɖe asi.
Nukae nye nu vevitɔ si woatsɔ ayi teƒe bubuwo?
Abe alesi míedzro eme ene la, lãmenugbagbeviwo nye wò ŋutilã ƒe akpa ɖedzesi aɖe ŋutɔŋutɔ eye wòle vevie ŋutɔ. Bu eŋu kpɔ be togbɔ be lãmenugbagbevi triliɔn geɖee wotsɔ wɔ wò ŋutilã hã la, lãmenugbagbeviwo le etɔxɛ elabena ŋutete tɔxɛ aɖe le wo si be woagbugbɔ wo ɖokui awɔ ɣeyiɣi mavɔ eye woawɔ lãmenugbagbevi tɔxɛ siwo hiã be woatsɔ adzra lãkusi siwo gblẽ ɖo.
Egbea la, ɖɔktawo zãa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔdamɔnu xoxo tsɔ kpɔa ʋumekansa kple ʋumedɔlélewo gbɔ hedaa wo ɣeaɖewoɣi. Numekulawo le mɔ kpɔm be lãmenugbagbevi siawo ate ŋu akpe asi ɖe dɔléle sesẽ bubuwo, abe dzidɔ, suklidɔ, Parkinson, kple lãmetutudɔ ene, dada—alo ada wo gɔ̃ hã ŋu mlɔeba. Numekuku le go sia me le ŋgɔ yim kabakaba.
Mele mɔ kpɔm be esia ana gɔmeɖoanyi sesẽ nasu asiwò le lãmenugbagbeviwo gɔmesese me. Atikewɔwɔ ŋuti dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya nyanya nye mɔ nyuitɔ kekeake siwo dzi nàto akpɔ wò lãmesẽ dzi la dometɔ ɖeka. Le nyateƒe me la, sidzedzee nye wò ametakpɔnu nyuitɔ kekeake!
