Mina míasrɔ̃ nu tso ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe nya ɣaɣla si naa wò susu fa miamiamia ŋu - GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)?

Ðe nèsena le ɖokuiwò me ɣeaɖewoɣi be nu te ɖe ye dzi, yetsia dzimaɖi, alo vɔvɔ̃ ɖo ye ko? Alo ɖe alɔ̃madɔmadɔ ɖea fu na wò le zã mea? Ðewohĩ atike sue aɖe si le míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me la le nusiawo megbe. Emae nye nusi ŋu míele nu ƒom tsoe egbea. Enye GABA. Ewɔa dɔ abe ‘fafɛ’ ƒe dzesi si le míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me ene.

Nukae nye GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)?

Kpuie ko la, GABA nye atike si ɖoa gbedasiwo ɖe ahɔhɔ̃mekawo (ahɔhɔ̃mekawo) dome le míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me. Ele abe posudɔwɔla dzeaɖaŋu aɖe ene le míaƒe ŋutilã me. Gake nusi le etɔxɛe nye be vevietɔ "enaa" ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe dɔwɔwɔ si mehiã o la fa . Eyae nye be enaa ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe lãmekawo megaʋãna fũu akpa o. Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo yɔa atike siawo ƒomevi be ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ. Bu GABA be enye "breki" si kpɔa míaƒe titina lãmekawo ƒe duƒuƒu dzi, si me míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ kple aklã hã le. Enye nusi kpena ɖe mía ŋu be míagakpɔ dzidzɔ alo avɔ̃ akpa o.

Aleke GABA wɔa dɔe? Nukae dzɔna le míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me?

Azɔ kpɔ alesi GABA sia wɔa dɔe le míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me ɖa. Enye mɔ̃ wɔnuku aɖe ŋutɔ. Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe lãmenugbagbevi miliɔn kple biliɔn geɖe le míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me. Ele be míaɖo gbedasi tso lãmeka ɖeka me ayi bubu gbɔ. Le nyateƒe me la, dometsotso sue aɖe le lãmeka eve siawo dome. Woyɔa ema be `(Synapse)` alo lãmekawo ƒe ƒoƒo.

`(Neurotransmitter)` abe GABA ene wɔa esia to gbedasi la tsɔtsɔ to kadodo sia dzi eye wòtsɔe kpe ɖe `(Receptors)` tɔxɛwo ŋu le lãmeka ƒe lãmenugbagbevi si kplɔe ɖo dzi. Ele abe safui si ge ɖe gaxɔ me ene. Abe alesi menye safui ɖesiaɖee ate ŋu aʋu gaƒoɖokui ɖesiaɖe o ene la, menye `(Neurotransmitter)` ɖesiaɖee ate ŋu abla ɖe `(Receptor)` ɖesiaɖe ŋu o. GABA hã si `(Receptors)` eve tɔxɛ siwo dea dzesii – `(GABA-A)` kple `(GABA-B)`.

Eyata ne GABA yi ɖabla ɖe lãmenugbagbevi siawo ŋu la, eɖea lãmeka ƒe lãmenugbagbevi si kplɔe ɖo ƒe ŋutete be wòawɔ nu ɖe ​​eŋu dzi kpɔtɔna. Eyae nye be eɖea mɔnukpɔkpɔ si li be lãmenugbagbevi ma naɖo gbedasi si mehiã o alo aɖoe ɖe ame bubu dzi kpɔtɔna. Esia tae woyɔa GABA be "mɔxenu" alo ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ si naa ame ƒe dzi dzea eme.

Viɖe kawoe GABA naa lãmesẽnyawo?

Eyata lãmesẽmenɔnɔ ƒe viɖe kawoe míekpɔna tso GABA, si naa ahɔhɔ̃a fa miamiamia alea la me? Le nyateƒe me la, wosɔ gbɔ. Bu eŋu kpɔ, èle ``nuteɖeamedzi'' me ŋutɔ, si fia be, ne èle nuteɖeamedzi geɖe me, wò susu mele teƒe ɖeka o, ètsi dzimaɖi ŋutɔ, eye wò akɔta se le eɖokui me abe ɖe wòle ƒoƒom ene. Le ɣeyiɣi ma tɔgbe me la, ne GABA ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le wò ŋutilã me sɔ la, ana wò susu nafa eye wòakpe ɖe ŋuwò nàɖe nuteɖeamedzi sia dzi akpɔtɔ .

Ŋutete wɔnuku aɖe hã le GABA si be wòaɖu dzimaɖitsitsi dzi . Ekpena ɖe ame ŋu be vɔvɔ̃ si mehiã o kple dzimaɖitsitsi ɖe nusianu ŋu dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ.

Nu bubue nye be, ame aɖewo mete ŋu dɔa alɔ̃ le zã me o. Ðeko woʋuʋuna hetrɔna ne womlɔ anyi, gake edze abe womedɔa alɔ̃ kura o ene. Numekuku siwo wowɔ fifia ɖee fia be GABA kpena ɖe ame ŋu le alɔ̃dɔdɔ nyuie si me gbɔdzɔe le hã me .

GABA kple Glutamate: Ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe ‘On-Off’ ƒe Trɔtrɔ

Tsɔ kpe ɖe GABA ŋu la, `(Neurotransmitter)` bubu si le vevie ŋutɔ hã le míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me. Enye `(Glutamate)`. Ame eve siawo wɔa dɔ abe gaku ƒe axa eve ene, alo abe ‘ʋu’ kple ‘tsi’ ƒe ʋuƒo eve ene. Eyae nye be, le mɔ siwo tsi tre ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu nu.

• GABA: ‘Etsia’ ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ eye wònaa eƒe dzi dzea eme (mɔxenu).
• Glutamate: ‘Eʋuna’ eye wòdoa ŋusẽ ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ (si doa ŋusẽ ame).

Eyata hafi míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ nate ŋu awɔ dɔ nyuie ahawɔ dɔ nyuie la, ele be dadasɔ deto nanɔ GABA ƒe ŋusẽ si naa ame ƒe dzi dzea eme kple `(Glutamate) ƒe ŋusẽ si doa ŋusẽ ame dome . Abe alesi ʋu ƒe duƒuƒu kple brek ene. Ne wo ame evea siaa wɔ dɔ nyuie eye ɖe game dzi ko hafi míate ŋu azɔ mɔ nyuie ahanɔ dedie. Ne dadasɔ sia bu la, kuxi vovovowo doa mo ɖa. Nukutɔe la, wowɔa atike sia si naa ame ƒe dzi dzea eme si woyɔna be GABA hã tso nusi doa ŋusẽ ame `(Glutamate) me. `(enzyme)` tɔxɛ aɖe le eme, si nye enzyme (`glutamic acid decarboxylase`).

GABA wɔa dɔ ɖekae kple ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔlékui bubu si nye serotonin hã. Le nyateƒe me la, ahɔhɔ̃meka geɖe wɔa dɔ ɖekae, ɣeaɖewoɣi wotsia tre ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu, be míaƒe ŋutilã kple ahɔhɔ̃ nawɔ dɔ nyuie.

Dɔléle siwo ate ŋu atso GABA ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si bɔbɔ gbɔ

Bu nusi adzɔ ne GABA gbedasiwo ɖɔliɖɔli sia mele dɔ wɔm nyuie o, si fia be GABA ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ahɔhɔ̃a me mede o ŋu kpɔ? Esia ate ŋu ahe ahɔhɔ̃mekawo kple susu ƒe lãmesẽkuxi vovovowo vɛ. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be GABA ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ ate ŋu ana nɔnɔmewo abe:

• Dzimaɖitsitsi kple seselelãme ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie: Vɔvɔ̃, dzimaɖitsitsi, dzidzɔkpɔkpɔ ƒe vɔvɔ, kple susu megate ŋu nɔa ame ŋu ɣesiaɣi o.
Tagbɔdɔléle : Tagbɔdɔléle sesẽ aɖe si ƒe dzesi enye be kadodo aɖeke meganɔa ame kple nu ŋutɔŋutɔ dome o eye wòkpɔa nu siwo menye nu ŋutɔŋutɔ o, sea nu, eye wòbua tame.
• Autism spectrum disorder: Tsitsi ƒe dɔléle si ƒe dzesi enye hadomenuwɔna kple kadodo ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ.
• Blanuiléle: Blanuiléle ƒe seselelãme si nɔa ame me ɣeyiɣi didi, megatsɔa ɖeke le naneke me o, eye wòsena le eɖokui me be agbe ti kɔ ye.
• Aɖuɖɔtoe kple alɔ̃madɔmadɔ: Nɔnɔmewo abe ʋuʋudedi kple alɔ̃madɔmadɔ ene siwo dzɔna le ŋutilã me le ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ fũ kpata si dzi womeɖu o ta.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe nɔnɔme gã siawo ŋu la, dɔléle bubu geɖewo li siwo wosusu be wodo ƒome kple GABA ƒe dadasɔmakpɔmakpɔ:

• Pyridoxine ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ:Esia nye dɔléle si mebɔ o. Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) si le vevie na GABA wɔwɔ ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ gbɔe wòtsona. Zi geɖe la, esia nana ɖevi suewo ƒe alɔ̃dɔdɔ enuenu. Esesẽna be woaɖu alɔ̃madɔmadɔ siawo dzi kple atike siwo wozãna tsɔ tsia asrãdɔ nu, gake woate ŋu adae ne wozã vitamin kpeɖeŋutɔ.
• Aklãdɔ: Aklãdɔ sesẽ si gblẽa nu le ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu.
• Huntington ƒe dɔléle: Dɔléle si ƒe dome míenyi si gblẽa ahɔhɔ̃menugbagbeviwo dome vivivi.
• Dystonia kple spasticity: Nɔnɔme siwo ƒe dzesi enye lãmekawo ƒe sesẽ kple ʋuʋu si mesɔ o.
• Alɔ̃dɔdɔ fũu akpa: Alɔ̃dɔdɔ fũ akpa alo alɔ̃dɔdɔ fũu akpa le ŋkekea me.

Ðe GABA ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si dzina ɖe edzi ɖea vi na lãmesẽa?

Numekulawo gale nu srɔ̃m tso nusiwo GABA ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si dzina ɖe edzi gblẽna le ame ŋu ŋu. Togbɔ be kpeɖodziawo me mekɔ keŋkeŋ haɖe o hã la, wole numekuku wɔm nenye be GABA ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu wòada lãmesẽkuxi aɖewo alo axe mɔ ɖe enu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me:

• Ʋusɔgbɔdɔ
• Alɔ̃ madɔmadɔ
• Suklidɔ

Ehiã be woagawɔ numekuku bubuwo tso esiawo ŋu.

Atike ƒomevi siwo tɔa ŋku GABA

Le GABA ƒe vevienyenye sia ta la, atikewɔlawo to atike geɖewo vɛ siwo tɔa ŋku GABA ``xɔlawo''. Esiawo wɔa dɔ to kpekpeɖeŋu nana GABA ƒe dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ si nana ame ƒe dzi dzea eme alo wo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ me. Ðewohĩ èse nusiawo ŋu nya kpɔ:

• Benzodiazepines: Atikewo ƒe hatsotso sia dometɔ aɖewoe nye diazepam (si woyɔna hã be Valium) kple alprazolam (si wogayɔna be Xanax) eye wozãnɛ tsɔ daa dzimaɖitsitsi, alɔ̃madɔmadɔ, alɔ̃madɔmadɔ, kple ahanono. Wozãa wo hã abe atike si naa alɔ̃dɔdɔ ame ene le amekoko me.
• Barbiturates: Esiawo hã nye atike si naa ame ƒe dzi dzea eme si nana ame ƒe alɔ̃dɔdɔ. Gake wo zazã megabɔ fifia o.
• Vigabatrin (Sabril®): Atike si wozãna tsɔ daa alɔ̃madɔmadɔ kple lãmekawo ƒe ʋuʋu le ɖevi suewo ŋu.
• Flumazenil (Romazicon®): Wozãnɛ tsɔ daa benzodiazepine ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si gbɔ eme. Wozãnɛ hã tsɔ naa susu ƒe nɔnɔme nyona ɖe edzi le aklãdɔ, si nye nɔnɔme si aklãdɔ hena vɛ me.
• Valproic acid: Esia nye atike si nana ame ƒe seselelãme nɔa te, si xea mɔ na asrãdɔ.
• Zolpidem (si wogayɔna be Ambien® alo Edluar®): Esia nye atike vevi aɖe si wozãna na alɔ̃madɔmadɔ.
• Propofol (si wogayɔna be Diprivan®): Atike si wozãna tsɔ naa dɔnɔa ƒe dzi dzea eme eye wònana wòdɔa alɔ̃ le atike si naa alɔ̃dɔdɔ ame katã me.
• Baclofen (`Baclofen (Lioresal®, Gablofen®)`): Atike si naa lãmekawo ɖea dzi ɖi.

Ðo ŋku edzi be: Ðɔkta ƒe dzikpɔkpɔ te ko hafi wòle be woazã atike siawo kple esiawo tɔgbe. Wo zazã le ɖokuiwò si, alo le esi ame aɖe si te ɖe ŋuwò gblɔ na wò ta ko ate ŋu agblẽ nu le ame ŋu vevie. Eyata kpɔ nyuie.

Ðe GABA kpeɖeŋutɔwo ɖea via?

Fifia ame aɖewo abia be, ‘Ekema nukatae míate ŋu aƒle GABA abe kpeɖeŋutɔ ene o?’ Ẽ, woate ŋu akpɔ GABA abe nuɖuɖu kpeɖeŋutɔ ene. Gake kuxi sue aɖe le afisia. Womenya GABA si míenona to nu me ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme si tututu gena ɖe míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ me ŋutɔŋutɔ haɖe o.

Elabena, míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃a ƒo xlã ametakpɔnu tɔxɛ aɖe ŋutɔ si woyɔna be "ʋu-ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe mɔxenu". Esia le abe agbo ene, meɖea mɔ na atikewo katã be woage ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a me bɔbɔe o, ke boŋ atike tiatia aɖewo koe ɖea mɔ na wo. Eyata, dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me kpeɖodzi sẽŋu si sɔ gbɔ haɖe be woagblɔ nenye be GABA kpeɖeŋutɔ siawo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a dzi ŋutɔŋutɔ alo womekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe edzi o. Eyata ehiã be woawɔ numekuku geɖe tso esia ŋu to amewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo si lolo wu zazã me. Le nɔnɔme si li fifia ta la, nunya mele eme be nàzã GABA kpeɖeŋutɔ ne mèƒo nu kple ɖɔkta o.

Ðe nuɖuɖu aɖewo li siwo me GABA lea?

GABA hã le nuɖuɖu aɖewo me le dzɔdzɔme nu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me:

• Nuɖuɖu siwo wotsɔa lãmi ƒoa ƒui: nuwo abe kimchi (Koreatɔwo ƒe nuɖuɖu si wotsɔa lãmi ɖana), miso (Japantɔwo ƒe soya-mi), kple tempeh (si nye Indonesiatɔwo ƒe soya-nuɖuɖu).
• Te ƒomeviwo: GABA le tii dama, tii yibɔ, kple oolong tii hã me.
• Nuɖuɖu bubuwo: Nuɖuɖuwo abe bli dzẽ, soya, peas, chestnuts (atikutsetse ƒomevi aɖe), lãmi, tomatos, spinach, broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts (cabbage sue ƒomevi aɖe), nuku siwo mie (e.g., gbe damawo ne womie), kple mɔli viviwo hã me GABA le alo kpena ɖe ŋutilã ŋu wòwɔa GABA.

Gake abe alesi míegblɔe le kpeɖeŋutɔtikewo ŋu ene la, womekpɔ numeɖeɖe si me kɔ haɖe le alesi gbegbe GABA si tso nuɖuɖu siawo me ɖoa ahɔhɔ̃a gbɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ ŋu o. Enyo be woatsɔ wo ade nuɖuɖu si naa lãmesẽ ƒe akpa aɖe me, gake manyo be woaɖo ŋu ɖe nuɖuɖu siawo ɖeɖeko ŋu abe dɔléle aɖe koŋ ƒe atike ene o. Azɔ hã, di atikewɔlawo ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo tso esia ŋu.

Mlɔeba la, nusiwo dzi wòle be woaɖo ŋkui (Take-Home Message) .

Eyata, ɖewohĩ èse egɔme azɔ be GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) si ŋu míeƒo nu tsoe egbea nye ahɔhɔ̃meka si naa míaƒe ahɔhɔ̃ fa eye wòle vevie ŋutɔ na míaƒe susu ƒe lãmesẽ, alɔ̃dɔdɔ, kple míaƒe ŋutilã ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le agbɔsɔsɔ me.

Ekpena ɖe ame ŋu wòɖua dzimaɖitsitsi, nuteɖeamedzi, kple alɔ̃madɔmadɔ dzi. GABA ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si bɔbɔ ate ŋu ahe ahɔhɔ̃mekawo kple tagbɔdɔléle vovovowo vɛ. Atike aɖewo wɔa dɔ to ŋkuléle ɖe GABA ƒe ɖoɖoa ŋu me.

Dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya me numekuku bubuwo hiã le viɖe siwo le GABA kpeɖeŋutɔ kple nuɖuɖu siwo me GABA le ŋu. Eyata ne nya aɖe le ŋuwò, ɖikeke, alo nya aɖe le asiwò ku ɖe GABA ŋu la, nu nyuitɔ si le dedie wue nye be nàkpɔ wò ƒomea ƒe ɖɔkta, adzro wò nɔnɔmea me, eye nàxɔ aɖaŋuɖoɖo nyuitɔ.Mèganɔ te ɖe akɔntabubu alo nya siwo wose dzi ayi dɔme o. Wò lãmesẽ xɔ asi na wò.

` GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid, ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, ahɔhɔ̃, susu ƒe lãmesẽ, dzimaɖitsitsi, alɔ̃dɔdɔ