Ke ne aɖi de wò ya ɖe? Mina míasrɔ̃ nu tso ‘Organophosphate Poisoning’ ŋu!

Mí katã míezãa nudzodzoeviwutikewo kple gbewutikewo. Edze abe míate ŋu anɔ anyi wo manɔmee le aƒemedɔwo alo agbledede me o ene. Gake ɖe nèbu nɔnɔme si me afɔku le si ƒomevi ate ŋu adzɔ ne atike siwo le nuɖuɖu sia me dometɔ aɖewo ge ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã me ŋu kpɔa? Woyɔa nɔnɔme siawo dometɔ ɖeka si me afɔku le be ‘Organophosphate Poisoning’. Togbɔ be nyati vevi aɖee nye esia vie hã la, mina míaƒo nu tso eŋu bɔbɔe eye míase egɔme.

Nukae nye ‘organophosphates’ siawo? Afikae wokpɔa wo le?

Kpuie ko la, ‘Organophosphates’ nye atikewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo. Zi geɖe la, míekpɔa wo le:

• Le nudzodzoeviwutikewo me: Le atike siwo wozãna tsɔ léa nudzodzoewo nu le agbledede kple aƒewo me me.
• Le nudzodzoeviwutikewo me: Le nusiwo nya nudzodzoewo abe nudzodzoewo kple ʋetsuviwo ene me.
• Le gbewutikewo me: Atike siwo wozãna tsɔ wua gbewo.
• Atikewo ƒe aʋawɔwɔ ƒe lãmeka aɖewo: Esiawo nye atike siwo me afɔku le siwo gblẽa nu le lãmekawo ŋu eye wozãa wo le aʋawɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo me.

Ne ‘organophosphates’ siawo ge ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã me la, wogblẽa nu le míaƒe lãmekawo ŋu eye wogblẽa alesi míaƒe ŋutinuwo wɔa dɔe. Aɖi sia ɖadzɔ le ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe alo ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe me o, ate ŋu ahe nɔnɔme sesẽwo abe gbɔgbɔtsixetsixe kple ku gɔ̃ hã vɛ.

Nukawoe nye organophosphates ƒomevi siwo bɔ siwo ate ŋu ahe aɖi vɛ?

Organophosphate ƒomevi siwo bɔ siwo hea aɖi vɛ zi geɖe la dometɔ aɖewoe nye esi:

• Chlorpyrifos - Ðewohĩ èse 'Dursban' hã.
• Diazinon ƒe dɔléle
• Fenthion ƒe ŋkɔ
• Malathion ƒe ŋkɔ
• Parathion ƒe ŋkɔ

Le atikewo ƒe aʋawɔwɔ me la, organophosphate si woyɔna be ‘Sarin’ ye wozãna wu.

Aleke gbegbee aɖi si nye organophosphate bɔe?

Woka nya ta tso aɖi siawo ŋu le xexeame katã, vevietɔ le agblededukɔwo me. Gake fifia si amewo va nya afɔku siwo le atike siawo me wu tsã la, aɖi siwo wotsɔ dea wo me dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ vie. Gake esia gakpɔtɔ nye lãmesẽkuxi ɖedzesi aɖe.

Ðe wogale organophosphates zãm kokokoa?

Ẽ, wogazãa organophosphates aɖewo le agbledede me abe nudzodzoeviwutikewo ene ɖe nuɖuɖugblemenukuwo ŋu. Eyata ele be nàɖɔ ŋu ɖo ŋutɔ ne èle esiawo zãm.

Nukae nye ‘Organophosphate Poisoning’ ƒe dzesiwo?

Aɖi sia ƒe dzesiwo ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe wò ŋutilã ƒe ɖoɖo vovovowo dzi. Nenɔ susu me na wò be dzesi siawo ate ŋu ava kpata alo woate ŋu adze vivivi.

• Dzitodzito me ʋukawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ:
• Dzi ƒe tsotso ƒe dzidziɖedzi alo eƒe ɖiɖi.
• Ʋu ƒe sisi ƒe dzidziɖedzi alo eƒe ɖiɖi.
• Dzi ƒe tsotso si mesɔ o.
• Titina ƒe lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ:
• Taɖuame.
• Dzimaɖitsitsi.
• Alɔ̃madɔmadɔ.
• Ame ƒe susu meganɔa ame ŋu o.
• Coma nɔnɔme.
• Ŋkuwo:
• Aɖatsiwo le sisim.
• Ŋkuwo ƒe biã.
• Sukuvi siwo ƒe ŋkuwo xaxa.
• Dɔgbo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ:
• Dɔgbo ƒe vevesese.
• Aɖuɖɔtoe kple ʋuʋudedi.
• Dɔmetɔtrɔ.
• Vidzinuwo ƒe aɖuɖɔtoe ƒe ɖoɖo:
• Aɖuɖɔtoe enuenu alo aɖuɖɔtoe dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ.
• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ:
• Lãmetsiwo ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ.
• Lãmetsiwo ƒe ʋuʋu.
• Lãmetsiwo ƒe ʋuʋu si dzi womeɖu o (fasciculations).
• Yagbɔgbɔ ƒe ɖoɖo:
• No me si le sisim, abe vuvɔ ene.
• Ʋuʋudedi.
• Yagbɔgbɔ kpuie.
• Akɔta ƒe tete.
• Gbɔgbɔ kabakaba alo blewu wu alesi wòle dzɔdzɔmee (hyperpnea alo bradypnea).
• Mucus si dona fũu akpa tso lãkusi me (bronchorrhea).
• Ŋutigbalẽ:
• Fifia si gbɔ eme.

Vevietɔ: Ne wò alo ame aɖe si nènya kpɔ dzesi siawo dometɔ ɖeka alo esi wu nenema le organophosphates zazã vɔ megbe la, ele vevie be nàdi atikewɔlawo ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo enumake.

Aleke ‘organophosphates’ siawo gena ɖe ŋutilãa me? Amekae le afɔku me wu?

Mɔ vevi etɔ̃e li siwo dzi atike siawo tona gena ɖe míaƒe ŋutilã me:

1. Nu me yiyi to nu alo ŋɔti me: To nuɖuɖu alo tsi si me esiawo le nono alo gbɔgbɔ me.

2. Nusiwo woxɔna to ŋutigbalẽa me: Woate ŋu axɔ organophosphate aɖewo ɖe ŋutilãa me ne wodo go ŋutigbalẽa gɔ̃ hã.

Mina míakpɔ amesiwo le afɔku me wu le aɖi sia me hã ɖa:

• Ame siwo wɔa dɔ kple nudzodzoeviwutikewo kple gbewutikewo enuenu: Agbledelawo, agbledelawo, kple nudzodzoeviwutikewɔlawo le afɔku gã aɖe me elabena wodoa go atike siawo ɣesiaɣi.
• Le amesiwo le nuto siwo me aʋawɔwɔ alo ŋɔdzinuwɔnawo le edzi yim le gome la: Ne wozã nuwo abe ‘lãmekawo’ siwo míeyɔ va yi ene.
• Na amesiwo noa nusiawo kple susu be yewoagblẽ nu le yewo ɖokui ŋu: Esia nye nɔnɔme wɔnublanui aɖe ŋutɔ.

Ne èle sesem le ɖokuiwò me be yele nu gblẽm le ye ɖokui ŋu alo yeɖoe be yeawu ye ɖokui la, ele vevie ŋutɔ be nàƒo nu kple ame aɖe si dzi nèka ɖo, alo nàdi susumedɔléle ŋuti aɖaŋuɖoɖo tso dɔnyala bibiwo gbɔ. Menye wò ɖeka koe o, eye mègavɔ̃ be yeabia kpekpeɖeŋu o.

Nukae dzɔna ne organophosphates ge ɖe ŋutilãa me? Kpuie ko la,...

Enyo, azɔ mina míakpɔ nusi dzɔna ne ‘organophosphates’ siawo ge ɖe ŋutilãa me ɖa. Esia nye dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ŋutinya vie, gake magblɔe na mi le nya bɔbɔewo me.

Be míaƒe lãmekawo nate ŋu awɔ dɔ nyuie la, atike aɖe li si woyɔna be ‘acetylcholine’ (ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ). Esiae kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe nu geɖe dzi, abe lãmekawo ƒe ʋuʋu ene. Ne ‘acetylcholine’ (acetylcholine) sia wu eƒe dɔ nu la, enzyme aɖe si woyɔna be ‘cholinesterase’ va gbãnɛ. Esia wɔnɛ be lãmekawo gatrɔna va nɔa nɔnɔme si sɔ me eye wòxea mɔ na lãmekawo kple lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ fũ akpa.

Kpɔe ɖa le susu me be ètsi akaɖi aɖe ne èʋu akaɖi aɖe. ‘cholinesterase’ enzyme sia wɔa dɔ abe switch la tsitsi ne èwu enu ene.

Fifia ne organophosphates ge ɖe ŋutilãa me la, wodzudzɔa cholinesterase enzyme ƒe dɔwɔwɔ. Nukae dzɔna ɣemaɣi? Le esi teƒe be acetylcholine nagbã la, eƒoa ƒu ɖe lãkusi siwo me lãmekawo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo doa ka kple wo nɔewo le. Ele abe ɖe wole akaɖia ƒe ʋuƒoa tsim ene. Emegbe lãmekawo va ʋãna akpa, ŋutilã bliboa megate ŋu ɖua eɖokui dzi o, eye dzesi mawo siwo me afɔku le siwo ŋu meƒo nu tsoe va yi la dzena. Èse egɔmea?

Kuxi kawoe ate ŋu ado mo ɖa ne womewɔ atike nɛ o?

Ne womeda aɖi si nye organophosphate kaba o la, dzesiawo ate ŋu asẽ eye woate ŋu ade ame ƒe agbe afɔku me gɔ̃ hã. Yagbɔgbɔ ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuiee nye nu vevitɔ si wua aɖi sia.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, kuxi bubuwo ate ŋu ado mo ɖa:

• Tagbɔ ƒe lãmekawo ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie
• Ŋkuɖodzinu ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie
• Lãmetsiwo ƒe dɔlélewo `(Myopathy)`
• Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dɔléle si le gota
• Tagbɔdɔléle

Aleke ɖɔktawo wɔa dea dzesi ‘organophosphate ƒe aɖi’ nyuie?

Zi geɖe la, ɖɔkta nɔa te ɖe wò dzesiwo, nyatakaka siwo ku ɖe atike siwo nèdo goe ŋu (ne èle dɔ wɔm kple nudzodzoeviwutikewo la, ele be nàgblɔe na wò ɖɔkta), kple ɣeaɖewoɣi ʋudodokpɔwo dzi. Etɔxɛe la, ʋudodokpɔ be woatsɔ akpɔ wò acetylcholinesterase ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ.

Esi wònye be aɖi si nye organophosphate ƒe dzesiwo ate ŋu asɔ kple dɔléle bubuwo tɔ ta la, wò ɖɔkta ate ŋu aɖe gbe be woawɔ dodokpɔ bubuwo atsɔ ada wò lãmesẽ bliboa kpɔ ahanya nusi tututu gbɔ wò dzesiawo tso. Le kpɔɖeŋu me:

• Ʋudodokpɔ bubuwo
• Aɖuɖɔtoe dodokpɔwo
• Nɔnɔmetatawo dodokpɔ abe MRI alo CT scan ene
• EEG (dodokpɔ si dzidzea ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe dɔwɔwɔ) .
• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe ʋuʋu ŋuti numekuku (dodokpɔ si dzidzea alesi gbedasiwo zɔna kabakaba to lãmekawo me) .

Esi wònye be aɖi sia dea ame ƒe agbe afɔku me ta la, ɖɔktawo ate ŋu adze atikewɔwɔ gɔme ɣeaɖewoɣi hafi axɔ dodokpɔ ŋuti nyatakakawo katã.

Aleke wowɔa atike na aɖi si nye organophosphate?

Esi wònye nudzɔdzɔ kpatae esia nye ta la, ele be woadze atikewɔwɔ gɔme enumake. Atikewɔwɔ ƒe mɔnu vevi geɖewo li:

1. 1. .Ðiƒoƒo ɖeɖeɖa: Esia le vevie ŋutɔ.

• Awuwo ɖeɖe ɖa: Ele be woaɖe awu siwo katã amesi ŋu aɖi le do la ɖa enumake, elabena atikewo hã ate ŋu aƒo ɖi wo. Kɔdzidɔwɔlawo aɖe awuawo ɖa dedie.
• Klɔ ŋutigbalẽ: Klɔ wò ŋutigbalẽ nyuie, zi etɔ̃ ya teti, kple adzalẽ kple tsi. Esia aɖe atike ɖesiaɖe si le ŋutigbalẽa ŋu ɖa. Emegbe woana kɔdziwu dzadzɛ aɖe wò be nàdo.

2. Atikewo zazã:

• Atropine: Atike sia wɔa dɔ to lãmekawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ fũ akpa dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me.
• Pralidoxime: Esiae nye atike si wozãna tsɔ tsia organophosphates nu. Enaa cholinesterase enzyme si gblẽa acetylcholine me la gawɔa dɔ.
• Wotoa ‘IV’ dzi naa atike siawo evea siaa, si fia to dzetsi si wotsɔ dea ʋuka me dzi.

3. Yagbɔgbɔ ƒe kuxiwo dada:

• Ne dzesiawo nu sẽ eye gbɔgbɔ sesẽ la, ate ŋu ahiã be woatsɔ yaƒoƒomɔ̃, si fia be woade yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃a eme, be yaƒoƒomɔ̃a nanɔ ʋuʋu ɖi.

Ɣeyiɣi didi kae wòxɔna hafi wòhayana le atikewɔwɔ vɔ megbe?

Esia nɔ te ɖe alesi gbegbe aɖia loloe kple alesi wòsesẽe dzi. Ame aɖewo ƒe lãme asẽ le ŋkeke ʋɛ aɖewo megbe, evɔ ame bubuwo ya axɔ kwasiɖa geɖe. Wò ɖɔktae atso nya me le ɣeyiɣi nyuitɔ si me nànɔ dɔlélea ŋu.

Ðe wòanya wɔ be woahaya bliboe tso aɖi sia mea?

Ẽ, anya wɔ be woahaya bliboe tso aɖi si nye organophosphate me. Gake afɔku li be dzesiawo ate ŋu agadze ake alo agblẽ nu le lãmekawo ŋu tegbee.

Wò mɔkpɔkpɔ be yeahaya nɔ te ɖe nu geɖe dzi:

• Agbɔsɔsɔme si woate ŋu akpɔ organophosphates.
• Organophosphate ƒomevi si woɖe ɖe go.
• Mɔ si dzi organophosphates tona gena ɖe ŋutilã me (to yagbɔgbɔ, to ŋutigbalẽ me, alo eɖuɖu me).
• Wò lãmesẽ ƒe nɔnɔme bliboa le ɣeyiɣi si me nèdo goe.

Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ne ègbɔ organophosphates aɖewo la, àte ŋu akpɔ dzesiawo kabakaba eye woasẽ wu ne wova ka wò ŋutigbalẽ ŋu.

Le nyatakaka siwo tso Xexeame ƒe Lãmesẽ Habɔbɔ gbɔ nu la, amesiwo kuna le aɖi si nye organophosphate ta ateŋu ato vovo tso 2% va ɖo 25%. Eyata , atikewɔwɔ kaba ate ŋu aɖe nusiwo ate ŋu agblẽ le ame ƒe agbe ŋu dzi akpɔtɔ ŋutɔ.

Ðe woate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe Organophosphate Poisoning nua?

Le go aɖewo me, vevietɔ le aʋawɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔme me alo ne mènya nu tso organophosphates zazã ŋu o la, esia ate ŋu asesẽ be nàƒo asa na.

Gake ne èwɔa dɔ kple atike siawo ƒomevi siwo me afɔku le la, àte ŋu awɔ nu siwo gbɔna be nàɖe wò afɔkua dzi akpɔtɔ:

• Do ame ŋutɔ ƒe ametakpɔnu (PPE): nuwo abe asigɛwo kple ametakpɔnu ene.
• Ðe awu ɖesiaɖe si do go atikewo le gota eye nàtrɔe hafi age ɖe aƒea me.
• Klɔ tsi eye nàklɔ wò ŋutilã nyuie ne èwɔ dɔ kple atike siawo vɔ.
• Klɔ asi nyuie hafi nàɖu nu alo ano nu.

Ɣekaɣie wòle be nàkpɔ ɖɔkta? Nukae woawɔ ne nɔnɔme kpata aɖe dzɔ?

Ne èsusu be organophosphates ye do goe la, yi kɔdzi si te ɖe ŋuwò alo nàƒo ka na atikewɔƒe siwo kpɔa nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo gbɔ enumake. Mègagblẽ ɣeyiɣi o. Mègalala vaseɖe esime nàdze dzesiwo kpɔkpɔ gɔme o.

Ðo ŋku edzi be nɔnɔme sia ate ŋu ade ame ƒe agbe afɔku me, eyata afɔɖeɖe kabae nye nu vevitɔ kekeake.

Nya vevi siwo wòle be nàbia wò ɖɔkta

Ne wò alo ame aɖe si nènya le esia me tom la, àte ŋu abia nya siawo wò ɖɔkta:

• Atikewɔwɔ ka ƒomevie wokafu nam?
• Ðe atikewɔwɔa ƒe nugbegblẽ aɖewo lia?
• Aleke woawɔ aɖe aɖi ɖa le wo ŋu ne wodo goe vɔ? (Vevietɔ le aƒeme nɔnɔme me)
• Aleke mawɔ anya ne organophosphates le nye dɔwɔƒe?
• Ne mewɔa dɔ kple organophosphates le dɔwɔƒe la, dedienɔnɔ ƒe afɔɖeɖe kawoe mate ŋu awɔ atsɔ akpɔ ɖokuinye ta tso aɖi me?

Mlɔeba la, nu siwo dzi wòle be woaɖo ŋkui

‘Organophosphate Poisoning’ nye nya vevi aɖe ŋutɔ. Ame geɖe le míaƒe dukɔa me, vevietɔ amesiwo kpɔa gome le agbledede me, ate ŋu aɖo afɔku me. Atike siawo gblẽa nu le amegbetɔwo kple lãwo siaa ŋu. Eyata ele be ame naɖɔ ŋu ɖo ŋutɔ ne ele esiawo zãm.

Ne wò alo ame aɖe si nènya le aɖi si nye organophosphate ƒe dzesiwo ɖem fia la, mègatsi dzodzodzoe o. Di atikewɔƒe enumake. Atikewɔwɔ kaba ate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe amewo ƒe agbe ƒe bublu nu. Nɔ dedie, minɔ nyanya!

` Organophosphates, aɖi, nudzodzoeviwutikewo, nudzodzoeviwutikewo, dzesiwo, kpekpeɖeŋunana gbãtɔ, dedienɔnɔ