Ðe amadede si le wò ŋkuwo me le vɔvɔm? (Pigment Dispersion Syndrome) - Ðe esia ate ŋu anye nusi gbɔ ŋkudɔ (Pigmentary Glaucoma) tsona?

Èsusui kpɔ be nu suesuesuewo ate ŋu adzo le wò ŋkuwo me ahahe kuxiwo vɛa? Le nyateƒe me la, amadede ƒe akpa siwo le míaƒe ŋkuwo me ate ŋu adzo ɣeaɖewoɣi eye woaxe mɔ siwo dzi tsi si le ŋkua me tona. Ne edzɔ alea la, ŋkua ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu dzina ɖe edzi, si ate ŋu ahe nɔnɔme si me afɔku le si woyɔna be ŋkudɔ . Egbea míele nu ƒom tso nɔnɔme mawo dometɔ ɖeka ŋu, si nye Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) kple Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) si ate ŋu ado tso eme.

Nukae nye amadede ƒe kaka ƒe dɔléle (PDS) kple amadede ƒe ŋkudɔ (PG)?

Kpuie ko la, amesiawo nye ame eve siwo ŋu dɔléle ɖeka le. Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) nye ne amadede si le wò ŋkume , si naa wò ŋkuwo ƒe amadede, gbãna zua kakɛ suesuesuewo eye wòdzea tsi si le wò ŋku me la me ƒuƒu gɔme. Bu eŋu abe amadede si le ʋuʋum le ati xoxo aɖe ŋu ene.

Ne PDS ƒe nɔnɔme sia gakpɔtɔ li ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe, ɖewohĩ ƒe geɖe alo ƒe bla nanewo gɔ̃ hã la, ate ŋu ava zu dɔléle si woyɔna be pigmentary glaucoma (PG) . Menye amesiame si ŋu PDS le lae axɔ PG o . Gake zi alesi PDS le ŋuwò ɣeyiɣi didi la, zi nenemae afɔku si le asiwò be nàxɔ PG la lolonae.

Aleke amadede ƒe kaka ƒe dɔléle (PDS) hea ŋkudɔ vɛ?

Be míase esia gɔme la, ele be míanya nu vi aɖe tso nu siwo yia edzi le ŋkua me ŋu gbã. Wò ŋku ƒe ŋkume nye lãmeka gbadza si le abe asigɛ ene si me amadede aɖe si woyɔna be melanin , si naa wò ŋku ƒe amadede nɔa eŋu. Teƒe eve le ŋkumeɖonu sia ŋu le ŋgɔgbe kple megbe. Tsi aɖe si woyɔna be aqueous humor yɔa teƒe siawo fũ . Lãmetsi sia ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenue nana ŋkua nɔa dzogoe ene me.

Ne PDS le ŋuwò la, wò ŋkume megate ŋu léa eƒe nɔnɔme nyuie o eye wòbɔbɔna ɖe megbe akpa. Emegbe ŋkua ƒe megbe ƒoa lãmeka siwo kpɔa ŋkua ƒe ŋkumeɖonu ƒe nɔnɔme dzi. Ne wò ŋkume ƒe ŋkume le kekem hele ƒoƒom (i.e., ŋkume ƒe ŋkume le ƒoƒom hele ƒoƒom be wòaxɔ kekelia) la, amadede ƒe ʋeʋẽ siwo le ŋkume ƒe ŋkume la me mekɔna o.

Ne míagblɔe tututu la, amadede siawo le ʋuʋum, abe alesi amadedea le ʋuʋum le ati kakɛ aɖe ŋu ene.

Amadede ƒe akpa siwo me mekɔ o la tsia tsia me le nukokoedonamea me eye wotsɔa wo yia ŋkua ƒe akpa bubuwo. Tsidzɔƒe aɖe li si nukokoedoname sia si me tsi le la nado le ŋkua me. Woyɔa esia be trabecular meshwork . Amadede ƒe akpa siwo me mekɔ o ate ŋu aƒo ƒu ɖe trabecular meshwork sia me eye woagblẽ nu le eŋu. Ne esia dzɔ la, nukokoedoname si me tsi leLãmetsia mate ŋu ado le ŋkua me nyuie o. Esia wɔnɛ be ŋkua ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu dzina ɖe edzi. Woyɔa esia be ŋkume ƒe ʋusɔgbɔdɔ . Ne esia yi edzi la, ate ŋu ana ame naxɔ ŋkudɔ mlɔeba . Ne womeda ŋkudɔ o la, ate ŋu ana ame nakpɔ nu si womate ŋu atrɔ o, si nu sẽ ŋutɔ, eye wòazu ŋkuagbãtɔ gɔ̃ hã.

Nukae nye PDS kple PG ƒe dzesiwo?

Zi geɖe la, PDS mehea dzesi aɖeke vɛ o. Eyata ame geɖe menya gɔ̃ hã be dɔlélea le yewo ŋu o. Gake ne dzesiawo dze la, zi geɖe la, wosɔna kple ŋkudɔ ƒe dzesi siwo bɔ . Wo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

• Ŋku ƒe vevesese
• Ŋkuwo ƒe biã
• Kekeli ƒe seselelãme ( fotovɔvɔ̃ ) .
• Halo alo keklẽ si ƒo xlã akaɖiwo kpɔkpɔ

Ame aɖewo ate ŋu akpɔ ŋku ƒe ʋuʋu hena ɣeyiɣi aɖe, woƒe ŋkuwo magate ŋu akpɔ nu nyuie o, alo halo siwo ƒo xlã akaɖiwo, abe le kamedede me ene. Gake amesiawo nu ayi le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe.

Nukawoe hea PDS vɛ?

Eŋutinunyalawo menya nusi tututu hea PDS vɛ haɖe o, gake wode dzesi nu geɖe siwo ate ŋu ana wòadzɔ.

• Domenyiŋusẽfianu: Numekukuwo ɖee fia be kadodo aɖe le DNA ƒe tɔtrɔ aɖewo kple PDS/PG dome. Esia tae PDS kple PG te ŋu ƒua du le ƒomewo me ɖo. Ke hã, esesẽna be woagblɔ alesi wòava doe ɖi.
• Ƒe: Zi geɖe la, wokpɔa PDS le amesiwo xɔ tso ƒe 20 va ɖo ƒe 50 ŋu.
• Gbɔdɔdɔ: PDS kple PG ƒe nɔnɔmewo gblẽa nu le ŋutsuwo ŋu wu.
• Ameƒomevinyenye: Ameyibɔ alo Asiatɔwo ƒe dzidzimeviwo ate ŋu axɔ PDS kple PG . Yevuwo le afɔku me wu.
• Nukpɔkpɔ teti (Myopia): Ame siwo ŋu nukpɔkpɔ kpuie , si fia be womete ŋu kpɔa nu didi o, le afɔku gã aɖe me be woaxɔ PDS kple PG . Zi alesi nèkpɔa nu kpuie la, zi nenemae wòate ŋu axɔ PDS alo ate ŋu atrɔ azu PG .
• Ŋku ƒe wɔwɔme: Ne wò ŋgɔgbexɔa goglo la, anɔ eme be PDS kple PG . Esia le alea elabena ne xɔa me goglo la, tsi geɖe ate ŋu aƒo ƒu ɖe eme. Esia ateŋu ana be ŋkume ƒe ŋkume "nabɔbɔ" ɖe megbe, ɖo ta ŋkumeɖonu la gbɔ. Azɔ hã, ŋkume ƒe ŋkume ƒe akpa si le gbadzaa ate ŋu anye nusi gbɔ wòtso.
• Kamedede si gbɔ eme ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ: Kamedede alo kamedede si gbɔ eme kpleNumekukuwo ɖee fia be kadodo aɖe le PDS/PG dome. Ne PDS alo PG , le ŋuwò la, anɔ eme be wò ŋkudɔdala abia wò kamedede ŋu nya. Ne wò dɔwɔna ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme le ŋusẽ kpɔm ɖe nɔnɔme sia dzi la, woate ŋu aɖo aɖaŋu na wò be nàɖe edzi akpɔtɔ.

Nukae Nye Amadede Evelia ƒe Kaka?

Susu bubuwo hã li siwo tae wò ŋkume ƒe amadede ate ŋu anɔ vɔvɔm ɖo. Woyɔa esia be "PDS evelia." Esia to vovo tso "PDS gbãtɔ" gbɔ. PDS gbãtɔ nye ne PDS dzɔ le atikewɔwɔ me nɔnɔme bubu aɖeke manɔmee. Gake PG ate ŋu adzɔ le PDS evelia hã me.

Nusiwo ate ŋu ahe PDS evelia vɛ dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

• Afɔku siwo le ŋkuwo ŋu
• Tumor (tsitsi) siwo dzɔna le ŋkua me
• Ŋku ƒe ŋkumeɖonu (IOL ) ƒe ʋuʋu .

Aleke woawɔ ade dzesi PDS kple PG?

Mɔ nyuitɔ si dzi woato ade dzesi PDS hafi dzesiawo nadze enye be woado ŋku kpɔ edziedzi . Tɔtrɔ siwo va le ŋkua me siwo woate ŋu akpɔ le ŋkumedodokpɔ me le PDS alo PG ta dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

• Krukenberg spindle: Esia nye fli tsɛ aɖe si le tsitrenu si dzena le wò ŋkume ƒe ŋkume , si ƒe amadede sɔ kple wò ŋkume ƒe amadede. Edzɔna ne wotu tsi ɖe ŋgɔ ne nyaƒoɖeamenu le ŋkua me dzi ɖe edzi, si wɔnɛ be amadede ƒe ʋeʋẽ siwo me mekɔ o la léna ɖe ŋkua ƒe akpa si le eme ŋu.
• Radial iris defects: Esiawo nye amadede ƒe fli nyui siwo dzena le iris dzi. Wole abe kekefɔkpa ƒe ʋuƒo ene. Ŋkuŋutinunyala ate ŋu akpɔ nusiawo to akaɖimɔnu tɔxɛwo zazã me.
• Amadede si te ɖe ŋkume ƒe gota gome ŋu: Wò ŋkuŋutinunyala ate ŋu azã dodokpɔ aɖe si woyɔna be gonioscopy atsɔ akpɔ amadede ƒe ʋeʋẽ siwo woda ɖe afima.

Dodokpɔ siwo wò ŋkuŋutinunyala ate ŋu azã

Ŋkudɔ dodokpɔ geɖe li siwo ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu woanya PDS kple PG . Wowɔa esiawo dometɔ aɖewo le ŋkudodokpɔ si wowɔna edziedzi me. Bubuwo hã bi ɖe dɔ tɔxɛ aɖe me vie. Wò ŋkuŋutinunyala agblɔ dodokpɔ siwo nyo wu be woakpe ɖe ŋuwò nànya PDS kple PG alo aɖee ɖa la na wò.

Zi geɖe la, dodokpɔ siawo ate ŋu anye nusiwo gbɔna dometɔ ɖeka alo esi wu nenema:

• Slit akaɖi dodokpɔ
• Tonometry ( ŋku ƒe ʋuʋu dzidzedze) .
• Tomography si wotsɔa ŋku wɔa nu ɖekae (OCT) .
• Pachymetry (ŋku ƒe ŋkume ƒe titrime dzidzedze) .
• Gonioscopy (ŋku ƒe dzogoe si dzi tsi sina tona la me dzodzro) .
• Nukpɔkpɔ ƒe dodokpɔ ( dodokpɔ le gota gome nukpɔkpɔ) .

Aleke wowɔa atike na PDS kple PG?

PDS kple PG dada sɔ kple ŋkudɔ ƒomevi bubuwo dada ŋutɔ . Atikewɔwɔ siawo ate ŋu anye esiwo gbɔna dometɔ ɖeka alo esi wu nenema:

• Atikewo: Glaucoma ƒe atikewo wɔa dɔ to ŋku ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ le mɔ vovovowo nu me. Atike aɖewo wɔa dɔ to wò ŋkume ƒe kekeme kple nukokoedonamenya siwo me tsi le ƒe sisi dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me . Ame bubuwo wɔa dɔ to nukokoedonamenya siwo me tsi le wɔwɔ dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ me . Esiawo bɔ wu abe ŋkumeɖonu ene.
• Glaucoma ƒe amekoko: Zi geɖe la, dɔ sia dzea agbagba be yeana tsi ƒe sisi kple tsi nado nyuie wu. Kpɔɖeŋu aɖewoe nye trabeculectomy , goniotomy, kple laser-dɔdamɔnu aɖewo.

Zi geɖe la, ele be amesiwo ŋu PDS kple PG le nazã mɔnu si wotsɔ ƒo ƒui be woakpɔ nu nyuitɔ kekeake. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, amekoko si wotsɔ laser wɔe tsɔ kpe ɖe atikewo zazã ŋu. Mɔnu sia wɔa dɔ ŋutɔ ne atike ɖeɖe meɖe ŋkua ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu dzi kpɔtɔ wòde edeƒe o.

Wò ŋkuŋutinunyalae nye ame nyuitɔ kekeake si ana nyatakaka wò tso atikewɔmɔnu siwo nàte ŋu azã ŋu. Aɖo aɖaŋu na wò le alesi atikewɔmɔnuawo akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe dziwòe, nusiwo nàte ŋu awɔ, kple nugbegblẽ le ame ŋu siwo nàte ŋu akpɔ mɔ na ŋu.

Ne nɔnɔme sia le ŋunye la, nukae wòle be makpɔ mɔ na?

Menye amesiame si ŋu PDS le lae axɔ PG o . Gake afɔkua dzina ɖe edzi le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe. Ame siwo ŋu PDS le la dometɔ siwo ade 10% axɔ PG le ƒe 10 me. Le ƒe 15 megbe la, xexlẽme ma dzina ɖe edzi va ɖoa 15%. Le agbemeŋkekewo katã me la, afɔku sia nɔa 35% va ɖo 50% dome.

Esi wònye be zi geɖe la, PDS kple PG dzea egɔme kaba ŋutɔ wu ŋkudɔ ƒomevi bubuwo ta la, ele vevie ŋutɔ be woakpɔ nɔnɔme sia gbɔ nyuie alesi woate ŋui. Ema ƒe akpa aɖee nye be nàyi edzi ayi wò ŋkudɔdala gbɔ eye nàwɔ kplɔkplɔ ɖo.

Woate ŋu awɔ ɖoɖo siawo le ɣleti etɔ̃ va ɖo ade ɖesiaɖe me, alo zi ɖeka le ƒea me, le wò nɔnɔmea nu. Dodokpɔ siawo ate ŋu akpe ɖe wò ɖɔkta ŋu wòade dzesi ŋku ƒe sisi ƒe dzidziɖedzi ɖesiaɖe eye wòakafu atikewɔmɔnu siwo axe mɔ ɖe nusiwo agblẽ nu alo ya teti be woaxe mɔ ɖe enu be wòagagblẽ ɖe edzi o.

Wò tɔePDS alo PG dzi kpɔkpɔ kple edzikpɔkpɔ atraɖii nye nu vevitɔ si ana nàkpɔ wò ŋkumekpɔkpɔ ta. Ŋkuʋuʋu si nɔa anyi ɖaa mebɔ kura le amesiwo wɔna ɖe woƒe dɔdala bibi ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo dzi, yia dodokpɔ edziedzi , eye wokpɔa woƒe nɔnɔmea gbɔ la dome.

Ðe woate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe PDS alo PG nua?

Nublanuitɔe la, naneke meli nàte ŋu awɔ atsɔ axe mɔ ɖe PDS kple PG nu o. Wodzɔna le vome, eye ame geɖe menya gɔ̃ hã be nɔnɔme siawo le yewo ŋu o vaseɖe esime eŋutinunyala bibi aɖe de dzesi tɔtrɔ siawo le ŋkudodokpɔ edziedzi me, alo vaseɖe esime dzesiawo nadze.

Ne PDS alo PG le ŋunye la, aleke mawɔ akpɔ ɖokuinye dzii?

Ne PDS alo PG , le ŋuwò la, nu geɖe li nàte ŋu awɔ be wò nukpɔkpɔ nanɔ anyi eye nàxe mɔ ɖe kuxi sesẽwo abe ŋku ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ ene nu:

• Kpɔ wò ɖɔkta abe alesi wokafui ene. Mègana dodokpɔ siwo ŋu wowɔ ɖoɖo ɖo nato ŋuwò o.
• No wò atikeawo abe alesi woŋlɔe na wò ene. Zã atike la abe alesi nèŋlɔe ene, le ɣeyiɣi si nèɖo ɖi me, kple agbɔsɔsɔ si nèŋlɔ nɛ.
• Ne wò ŋkuŋutinunyala kafui la, ke wɔ tɔtrɔ le wò agbenɔnɔ ŋu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ɖe kamedede si gbɔ eme dzi kpɔtɔ.
• Ne ède dzesii be tɔtrɔ aɖe va le wò ŋkume, dzesi yeyewo dze le ŋuwò, alo nya aɖe le asiwò ku ɖe wò atikewo ŋu la, yɔ wò ɖɔkta enumake.

Ɣekaɣie wòle be mayi Atikewɔwɔ Kpata ƒe Dɔwɔƒe (ETU) ?

Ne ŋku ƒe dzesi aɖewo dze ŋuwò la, ehiã be nàyi atikewɔƒe enumake. Ne womewɔ atike nɛ o la, ŋku ate ŋu agblẽ si womate ŋu atrɔ o. Ne èkpɔ dɔlélea vɔ la, ƒo nu kple wò ŋkuŋutinunyala tso dzesi siwo ŋu nàlé ŋku ɖo wu ŋu, le wò nɔnɔme tɔxɛa nu, kple nusi nàwɔ ne dzesi siawo dometɔ aɖe dze ŋuwò.

Dzesi siwo hiã be woakpɔ egbɔ kpatae nye:

• Nukpɔkpɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ, abe nukpɔkpɔ ƒe ʋuʋu kpata alo nukpɔkpɔ ƒe ɖiɖi ene
• Halo yeyewo alo esiwo le gbegblẽm ɖe edzi alo keklẽ si ƒo xlã akaɖiwo
• Ŋku ƒe vevesese sesẽ kpata kple/alo taɖuame
• Nukpɔkpɔ ƒe bu kpata (aƒe akpa aɖe alo bliboe) .

Nya kawoe wòle be mabia nye ɖɔkta?

Nya aɖewo siwo nàte ŋu abia wò ŋkuŋutinunyala:

• Aleke gbegbee nye PDS nɔnɔmea nu sẽ/de ŋgɔe? Ðe wòtrɔ zu PGa ?
• Atikewɔwɔmɔnu kawoe nèkafu?
• Nu gbegblẽ kawoe wòle be makpɔ mɔ na tso atikewɔwɔ me? Nukae mate ŋu awɔ be makpɔ nugbegblẽ mawo gbɔ alo aɖo seɖoƒe nɛ?
• Ðe wòhiã be mawɔ tɔtrɔ aɖewo le nye ɖoɖowɔɖi alo dɔwɔna siwo mewɔna ɖaa ŋua?

Mlɔeba la, nusiwo dzi wòle be woaɖo ŋkui (Take-Home Message) .

Dɔléle si nye Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) alo Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) le ŋuwò.Ne ènya be ŋkudɔ le ŋuwò la, ate ŋu awɔ nuku na wò vie, vevietɔ ne èxɔe le wò ɖevime. Togbɔ be ŋkudɔ ƒomevi akpa gãtɔ va doa mo ɖa le woƒe tsitsime hã la, zi geɖe la, PDS kple PG va doa ŋgɔ ŋutɔ. Togbɔ be nɔnɔme siawo wɔa dɔ abe ŋkudɔ ƒomevi bubuwo ene hã la, vovototo vevi aɖewo le wo dome. Gake nu vevitɔe nye be ne wokpɔ wo gbɔ edziedzi eye wowɔ atike na wo nyuie la, woate ŋu akpɔ PDS kple PG gbɔ eye woate ŋu akpɔ kuxi sesẽwo abe ŋku ƒe ʋuʋu alo ŋkumaʋumaʋu ene alo axe mɔ ɖe wo nu. Eyata, mègatsi dzodzodzoe o eye nàwɔ ɖe wò ɖɔkta ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo dzi.

` Glaucoma, Pigment Dispersion Syndrome, Pigmentary Glaucoma, Ŋku ƒe Lãmesẽ, Ŋku ƒe Nyaƒoɖeamenu, Nukpɔkpɔ, Ŋkudɔlélewo