You may have seen someone who lost a leg in an accident using a prosthetic leg. Or you may have heard of someone who had a knee replacement as they got older. These artificial structures, which are used to replace parts of our bodies, are what we commonly call prostheses. While this may seem like a complicated topic to some, it is actually very important to know about it. So today, let's talk about it simply.
Simply put, what is this prosthesis?
A prosthesis is an artificial replacement for a missing, missing, or malfunctioning part of our body. Most people think of an artificial arm or leg, but the concept is much broader than that.
Think about it, it can be something worn outside the body, or it can be something that is surgically implanted inside the body. For example, a prosthetic leg is an external prosthesis. Similarly, a mechanical heart valve is an internal prosthesis.
Simply put, any artificial device used to restore the function or appearance of a part of our body can be called a prosthesis.
Are Prosthesis and Prosthetics two different things?
Yes, there is a slight difference between these two words.
- Prosthesis: This refers to the artificial limb itself. That is, to devices like artificial arms, legs, and knees.
- Prosthetics: This refers to the specialized field of medicine that deals with the creation, fitting, and living with artificial limbs.
That means when your doctor talks to you about a prosthesis, the field of expertise that works on it is called prosthetics.
What types of prostheses are there?
As we discussed earlier, these can be divided into two main categories: those worn outside the body and those that are implanted inside the body. Let's look at some examples of both.
| Types of external prostheses | |
|---|---|
| Device | Description |
| Artificial hands, feet, fingers | It is used to replace an arm, leg, hand, or finger that has been removed due to an accident or illness. |
| Ocular prosthesis | A "glass eye"-like device used to restore vision when an eye has been removed. |
| Breast prosthesis | Accessories worn inside bras by women who have had a breast removed due to cancer. |
| Colostomy bags | A bag that is attached to the outside of the body to allow stool to pass after some intestinal surgeries. |
| Dentures | Artificial teeth used for chewing and appearance when teeth are missing. |
| Types of internal prostheses | |
|---|---|
| Device | Description |
| Joint replacements | When joints such as the knee and hip wear out (e.g. arthritis), a new joint is surgically inserted. |
| Heart valve replacement | When the heart valves are not working properly, an artificial valve is implanted instead. |
| Breast implants | Implants that are placed in the body after breast removal or for cosmetic reasons. |
| Intraocular lenses (IOL) | An artificial lens inserted into the eye during cataract surgery. |
| Dental bridges | An artificial tooth that is permanently attached to replace a missing tooth with the help of teeth on either side. |
In what situations are these necessary?
There are many reasons why a person may need a prosthetic limb. Sometimes it is to save a life, other times it is to improve the quality of life. Here are some of the main reasons:
- Accident: When a body part is damaged or has to be removed due to a serious accident.
- Cancer: Surgical removal of a breast, arm, leg, or other part due to cancer.
- Diseases such as diabetes: Complications of diseases such as diabetes can lead to the removal of a limb (amputation).
- Congenital defects: A body part that is not present at birth.
- Payments over time: Conditions such as joint wear and tear due to diseases such as arthritis and cataracts.
- Chronic diseases: Long-term medical conditions such as heart valve disease and inflammatory bowel disease.
What are the benefits of a prosthetic limb?
The main benefit of a prosthesis is that it restores some normalcy and independence to a person's life. Imagine the relief this device brings.
- Restoring function: You can walk, run, play sports, hold something with your hands, and write again.
- Independence: Being able to do things on your own, such as using a computer, driving a vehicle, etc.
- Appearance: Some prostheses, especially artificial eyes and breasts, can help restore appearance and increase self-confidence in society.
- Basic needs: These help with speaking (artificial larynx), chewing (false teeth), and seeing (eye lenses).
Aren't there risks and disadvantages?
Of course, as with any medical procedure, there are some challenges and risks that we need to be aware of. This is not as simple a journey as it may seem. Therefore, it is very important to talk openly with your doctor about this as well.
- Risks of surgery: A prosthesis that is implanted in the body requires surgery. The same risks as a general surgery, such as anesthesia and infection, are present here.
- Rehabilitation period: It takes time to get used to something, especially a prosthetic limb. Physical therapy and occupational therapy may be required.
- Maintenance and Adjustments: These devices don't last a lifetime. Over time, they will need to be repaired, adjusted, or even replaced altogether.
- Complications: A device implanted inside the body can become loose or dislodge. Devices worn externally can cause skin irritation and discomfort.
- Cost: These are usually expensive devices and treatments.
- Psychological impact: Adjusting to living with a prosthetic limb can be a mental challenge.
Making a decision like this is not easy. You have many questions. It is normal to feel overwhelmed when thinking about the cost, the effort, and the results. Remember that you are not alone. Never hesitate to seek help and talk to your doctor, family, and others who have had similar experiences. When you get clear answers to your questions, you will understand what suits you best and what you need most.
Take-Home Message
- A prosthesis is an artificial replacement for a missing or dysfunctional body part.
- There are two types of these: those worn outside the body (artificial legs) and those surgically implanted inside the body (artificial knees).
- These can significantly improve a person's quality of life, functioning, and self-confidence.
- However, this is a journey that comes with challenges such as surgical risks, a long rehabilitation period, and maintenance.
- Before making any decision, it is essential to thoroughly discuss the pros, cons, and all of your options with your doctor.
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