Menene Aldosterone? Bari mu gano yadda yake shafar hawan jini!

Shin kun taɓa jin labarin Aldosterone? Wataƙila likitanku ya ambaci hakan, ko kuma wataƙila kun ji sunan lokacin da kuke magana game da hawan jininku . A zahiri ƙaramin hormone ne amma mai matuƙar muhimmanci a jikinmu. Yana taimakawa wajen daidaita matakan sodium da potassium a jikinmu kuma yana kiyaye hawan jininmu a hankali. Don haka, bari mu yi magana game da Aldosterone a yau ta hanya mai sauƙi da za ku iya fahimta, ko?

Menene aldosterone? Daga ina yake fitowa?

A taƙaice dai, Aldosterone wani sinadari ne da glandar adrenal ke samarwa. Shin ka san menene waɗannan glandar adrenal? Su ƙananan gland ne guda biyu masu siffar triangular waɗanda suke kama da ƙananan huluna a saman kodanka. Su ɓangare ne na tsarin endocrine ɗinmu. Waɗannan gland suna samar da hormones da yawa waɗanda suke da mahimmanci ga jikinmu.

Sinadaran hormones kamar na sinadarai ne da ke daidaita aikin jikinmu. Suna tafiya ta cikin jinin jiki suna gaya wa gabobin jiki, tsokoki, da sauran kyallen jiki abin da za su yi da kuma lokacin da za su yi.

Yanzu, wannan hormone , Aldosterone, yana sarrafa matakan sodium da potassium a cikin jininka. Waɗannan sodium da potassium ana kiransu electrolytes . Waɗannan su ne abin da ke taimakawa wajen daidaita ruwan jiki kuma yana taimaka wa jijiyoyi da tsokoki su yi aiki yadda ya kamata. Haka kuma, Aldosterone yana sarrafa adadin ruwan da kodan ke sake sha. Wannan yana ƙara yawan jini kuma yana shafar hawan jini.

Don haka, ko matakan aldosterone ɗinku sun yi ƙasa ko sun yi yawa, zai iya shafar lafiyar ku.

Wane irin aiki ne aldosterone ke yi wa jikinmu?

Babban aikin Aldosterone shine taimakawa wajen daidaita hawan jini. Yana ba da gudummawa ga wannan muhimmin aiki ta hanyoyi da dama:

• Aldosterone yana nuna wa gabobin jiki kamar koda da hanji don ƙara yawan sodium da ke cikin jininka ko kuma don ƙara yawan potassium da ke fita daga fitsarinka.
• Idan matakan sodium suka ƙaru ta wannan hanyar, jiki zai fara riƙe ruwa, wanda hakan zai ƙara yawan jini.

Duk wannan yana da mahimmanci, idan hawan jini ya yi ƙasa, don dawo da shi zuwa matakin lafiya.

A kaikaice, aldosterone yana taimakawa wajen kula da pH (watau ma'aunin acid-base) da matakan electrolyte na jininka.

Ta yaya ake sarrafa matakan aldosterone? Bari mu yi nazari sosai!

Aldosterone wani ɓangare ne na wani hadadden hanyar sadarwa ta hormones, enzymes, sunadarai, da halayen da ake kira Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) . Yana da alhakin sarrafa hawan jini.

Ka yi la'akari da wannan a matsayin mataki-mataki:

1. Da farko, idan hawan jininka ya ragu , wani enzyme da ake kira renin zai fito cikin jininka daga kodanka.

2. Wannan renin yana tafiya ya wargaza wani furotin da ake kira angiotensinogen , wanda ake yi a cikin hanta. Ɗaya daga cikin gutsuttsuran shine angiotensin I. Wannan ba ya aiki a lokacin, wanda ke nufin ba shi da wani tasiri sosai.

3. Sannan, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) daga huhunka zai shigo ya karya wannan Angiotensin I zuwa wasu guntu-guntu. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan guntu shine hormone mai aiki da ake kira Angiotensin II .

4. Nan ne Angiotensin II ke yin muhimmin aiki:

• Ɗaya shine ƙara hawan jini ta hanyar sa bangon tsokoki na ƙananan jijiyoyin jini (arterioles) su matse.
• Wani kuma shine yana "nuna" glandar adrenal ɗinka don sakin aldosterone.
• Hakanan yana gaya wa glandar pituitary ɗinka ta saki Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) , wanda aka fi sani da Vasopressin .

5. Don haka, Aldosterone da ADH suna aiki tare don gaya wa kodan su kiyaye sodium a jiki. Aldosterone yana sa kodan su fitar da potassium a cikin fitsari. Lokacin da matakan sodium a cikin jini suka ƙaru, ruwa yana riƙewa a cikin jiki. Wannan yana ƙara yawan jini da hawan jini.

Haka aka kammala Tsarin Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone. Shin kun fahimci wannan tsari?

Wannan tsarin kuma ana iya kunna shi ta wasu kwayoyin halitta, kamar su corticosteroids , estrogen, da hormones na thyroid .

Idan akwai matsala da wani ɓangare na wannan tsarin, zai iya shafar hawan jini da matakan sodium da potassium. Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa wasu abubuwa da yawa na iya shafar hawan jini, kamar yawan cholesterol, kwayoyin halitta, da wasu magunguna.

Yadda ake duba matakin aldosterone a cikin jini?

Babban gwajin da likitoci ke amfani da shi don duba matsalolin da suka shafi aldosterone shine gwajin rabon Aldosterone: Renin . Saboda renin da aldosterone suna da alaƙa da juna, wannan gwajin zai iya tantance ko matsalar kawai matsala ce da samar da aldosterone da aiki, ko kuma akwai matsala da tsarin renin-angiotensin da kansa.

Don wannan gwajin Aldosterone: Renin Ratio, yawanci ana ɗaukar samfurin jini daga jijiyar hannu.

Likitoci kuma za su iya auna adadin aldosterone da ke cikin jininka da/ko fitsarinka.

Wani lokaci, likitanka zai iya yin odar gwajin saka catheter don ɗaukar samfurin jini daga jijiyar koda (don renin) ko jijiyar da ke cikin glandar adrenal (don aldosterone). Wannan gwaji ne da ƙwararren likitan rediyo ke yi a asibiti.

Menene matakan aldosterone na yau da kullun?

Matsakaicin ƙima na matakan aldosterone na iya bambanta kaɗan daga dakin gwaje-gwaje ɗaya zuwa wani. Don haka, tabbatar da duba matsakaicin da aka ƙayyade a cikin rahoton dakin gwaje-gwajenku, ko kuma ku tambayi likita idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da sakamakon bincikenku.

Matsakaicin matakan aldosterone a cikin jini ya bambanta dangane da shekaru. Gabaɗaya, matakan al'ada sune kamar haka:

• Ga jarirai 'yan watanni 1 zuwa 12: Nanogram 5.8 – 110.0 a kowace deciliter (ng/dL)
• Ga yara 'yan shekara 1 zuwa 5: < 36.0 ng/dL
• Ga yara 'yan shekara 6 zuwa 9: < 24.0 ng/dL
• Ga yara 'yan shekara 10 zuwa 11: < 15.0 ng/dL
• Ga yara 'yan shekara 12 zuwa 14: < 22.0 ng/dL
• Ga matasa 'yan shekara 15 zuwa 17: 3.0 – 32.0 ng/dL
• Manya masu shekaru 18 zuwa 99: 3.1 – 35.4 ng/dL

Idan ana duba matakan aldosterone a cikin gwajin fitsari na awanni 24, matsakaicin adadin da ake buƙata shine tsakanin microgram 3 - 25 a cikin awanni 24 (3 - 25 mcg/awanni 24).

Me zai faru idan matakan aldosterone suka ƙaru?

Idan matakan aldosterone sun fi yadda aka saba, muna kiransa hyperaldosteronism .

Babban abin da ke haifar da wannan shine Primary Aldosteronism , wanda aka fi sani da Conn's syndrome . Wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne sakamakon wani ciwon daji wanda ba shi da cutar kansa (mara kyau) wanda yawanci yakan taso a cikin ɗaya daga cikin glandar adrenal ɗinku.Wannan yana sa glandar ta samar da aldosterone fiye da yadda ya kamata. Idan matakan aldosterone suka ƙaru, matakan sodium suna ƙaruwa ( hypernatremia ) kuma matakan potassium suna raguwa ( hypokalemia ). Wannan na iya haifar da rashin daidaiton electrolyte.

Alamomin yawan aldosterone

Idan aka samu matsala ta farko ta aldosteronism, to, idan matakan aldosterone suka ƙaru, to akwai alamun kamar haka:

• Hawan jini (Hawan jini)
• Ciwon kai
• Raunin tsoka , musamman idan matakan potassium sun yi ƙasa sosai
• Ƙishi mai yawa da yawan yin fitsari

Idan kana da waɗannan alamomin, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka nemi shawarar likita nan take.

Me zai faru idan matakan aldosterone suka ragu?

Idan matakan aldosterone suka yi ƙasa da yadda aka saba, muna kiransa hypoaldosteronism . Wannan rashin aldosterone ne, ko kuma rashin aikin sa. Lokacin da matakan aldosterone suka yi ƙasa, matakan sodium suna raguwa ( hyponatremia ), matakan potassium suna ƙaruwa ( hyperkalemia ), kuma jiki yana samar da acid da yawa ( metabolism acidosis ).

Akwai dalilai da dama da ke haifar da hypoaldosteronism:

• Cutar Addison: Wannan yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba. Ana kuma kiransa da Primary Adrenal Insufficiency . Cutar garkuwar jiki ce. Wannan yana nufin cewa tsarin garkuwar jikinka yana kai hari ga sashin waje (cortex) na glandar adrenal. Ana samar da dukkan hormones na aldosterone da cortisol a can. Wannan yana sa matakan hormones guda biyu su ragu.
• Ciwon Haihuwar Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH): Wannan rukuni ne na cututtukan kwayoyin halitta da ke shafar glandar adrenal. Mutanen da ke da CAH ana haihuwarsu da ƙarancin wasu enzymes da ake buƙata don samar da hormones da glandar adrenal ke samarwa.
• Wasu matsalolin lafiya: Mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga, cututtukan koda, gubar gubar, ko kuma manyan cututtuka na iya haifar da rashin isasshen sinadarin aldosteronism.
• Wasu magunguna: Magungunan hana kumburi marasa steroidal (NSAIDs) , HeparinAna iya haifar da wannan yanayin ta hanyar magungunan da aka ba su don magance cututtukan zuciya.

Alamomin ƙarancin aldosterone

Gabaɗaya, ƙarancin matakan aldosterone (hypoaldosteronism) na iya haifar da alamu kamar:

• Ƙarancin hawan jini (Hypotension)
• Raunin tsoka
• Tashin zuciya
• bugun zuciya
• Matsalolin bugun zuciya (arrhythmia)

Dangane da dalilin da ke haifar da rashin isasshen sinadarin sinadarin oxygen a jiki (hypoaldosteronism), za ka iya samun ƙarin alamu. Misali, a cikin cutar Addison, ƙarancin sinadarin cortisol na iya haifar da canje-canje a fata (kamar duhun tabo da ƙullewar fata) da kuma ƙarancin sinadarin sukari a jini ( hypoglycemia ).

Idan kana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, ka ga likitanka nan da nan.

A ƙarshe, abubuwan da za a tuna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

Aldosterone wani sinadari ne da ke da mahimmanci wajen daidaita hawan jini. Idan kana fuskantar matsala wajen kiyaye hawan jini mai kyau kuma kana fuskantar canje-canje a matakan potassium a cikin jininka, yana da kyau ka yi magana da likitanka game da wasu hanyoyin magance hawan jini da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje. Sannan zai iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje don ganin ko alamun sun faru ne saboda rashin isasshen matakin aldosterone.

Ina fatan wannan bayanin zai amfane ku! Ku kasance cikin koshin lafiya!

Aldosterone , Aldosterone, Hormone, Hawan Jini, Glandar Adrenal, Sodium, Potassium