Menene enzymes? Me yasa suke da mahimmanci ga jikinmu?

Sannu! Yaya kake? A yau za mu yi magana game da wani rukuni na abubuwa waɗanda suke aiki a hankali, amma suna da matuƙar muhimmanci a cikin jikinmu. Ana kiransu enzymes. Wataƙila kun ji labarin wannan sunan. Idan ba haka ba, ba kome, a yau za mu yi magana a kai a sauƙaƙe.

To menene waɗannan enzymes? Me yasa muke buƙatar su?

A taƙaice dai, enzymes wani nau'in furotin ne. Suna kama da ƙananan robots da ke aiki a jikinmu. Babban aikinsu shine hanzarta halayen sinadarai a jikinmu, wanda shine tsarin metabolism ɗinmu. Ka yi tunani a kai, waɗannan enzymes suna taimakawa wajen yin wasu abubuwa da kuma lalata wasu abubuwa. A gaskiya ma, duk halittu masu rai suna da enzymes. Jikinmu yana samar da enzymes ta halitta. Muna kuma samun enzymes daga wasu abincin da muke ci da sha, da kuma daga wasu kayayyakin da aka ƙera.

Menene babban taimakon da enzymes ke bayarwa ga jikinmu?

Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da enzymes ke yi shine taimakawa wajen narkewar abinci . Wannan shine tsarin da ake mayar da abincin da muke ci zuwa kuzari. Ka yi tunani a kai, akwai enzymes a cikin yashinmu, pancreas, hanjinmu, da cikinmu. Waɗannan su ne waɗanda ke wargaza kuma suna narke kitse, furotin, da carbohydrates da muke ci. Sannan jikinmu yana amfani da waɗannan sinadarai don girma da gyaran ƙwayoyin halitta. Ba wai kawai ba, enzymes suna taimakawa da wasu abubuwa da yawa. Duba:

• Don numfashi tare
• Don gina tsoka
• Aikin jijiya
• Kawar da gubobi daga jikinmu ba zai yiwu ba tare da waɗannan enzymes ba.

Akwai nau'ikan enzymes da yawa?

Eh, akwai dubban nau'ikan enzymes daban-daban a jikinmu. Amma abin da ya fi muhimmanci shi ne cewa kowane nau'in enzyme yana da aiki ɗaya kawai da zai yi . Kamar yadda maɓalli ɗaya zai iya buɗe makulli ɗaya kawai. Misali, enzyme Sucrase yana lalata sucrose na sukari. enzyme Lactase yana lalata lactose na sukari da ake samu a cikin kayayyakin kiwo. Bari mu kalli wasu manyan nau'ikan enzymes waɗanda galibi ke taimaka mana wajen narke abinci:

Menene sassan enzyme? Ta yaya suke aiki?

Kowace enzyme tana da wuri da ake kira 'wurin aiki' . Wannan wuri yana da siffa ta musamman. Muna kiran sinadarin da enzyme ke aiki a kan 'substrate' . Wannan substrate kuma yana da siffa ta musamman. Kamar makulli da maɓalli. Dole ne enzyme da substrate su haɗu daidai don yin aiki. Sai lokacin da suka haɗu ne kawai amsawar sinadarai za ta iya faruwa.

Ta yaya zafin jiki da pH ke shafar enzymes?

Enzymes suna buƙatar yanayin muhalli mai kyau don yin aiki yadda ya kamata. Idan waɗannan yanayi ba su dace ba, enzymes na iya canza siffa. Sannan ba za su dace da substrates ɗin da muka yi magana a kai a baya ba. Don haka, ba za su yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba. Kowane enzyme yana da takamaiman zafin jiki da pH wanda ya fi dacewa da shi:

• pH: Enzymes suna da matuƙar tasiri ga acidity da alkalinity. Ba sa aiki yadda ya kamata idan muhallin yana da acidic sosai ko kuma alkaline sosai. Misali, enzyme pepsin da ke cikinmu yana lalata sunadarai. Idan ba ku da isasshen acid a cikin cikinku, pepsin ba zai iya aiki yadda ya kamata ba.
• Zafin Jiki: Enzymes suna aiki mafi kyau idan zafin jikinka yana matakin al'ada, wanda yake kusan digiri 37 na Celsius (37°C). Yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa, halayen enzymes suma suna ƙaruwa. Duk da haka, idan zafin ya ƙaru da yawa, enzymes ɗin suna daina aiki. Shi ya sa aikin jikinmu ke raguwa idan muna da zazzabi mai tsanani.

Waɗanne cututtuka ne matsalolin enzymes ke haifarwa?

Matsalolin narkewar abinci sau da yawa suna faruwa ne lokacin da babu isasshen wani enzyme. Ana iya yada waɗannan ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta (wanda aka gada) daga iyaye zuwa yara. Bari mu kalli wasu daga cikin matsalolin narkewar abinci na kwayoyin halitta da aka saba gani:

• Ciwon Fabry : Wannan yanayi ne da jiki ba zai iya samar da sinadarin enzyme alpha-galactosidase A ba, wanda ake buƙata don wargaza lipids.
• Cutar Krabbe (leukodystrophy na ƙwayoyin halitta): Wannan yana shafar enzymes da ake buƙata don kare ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi , wato myelin (Tsarin Jijiyoyin Tsakiya).
• Cutar fitsari ta Maple syrup: Wannan yana shafar enzymes da ake buƙata don wargaza wasu amino acid masu reshe .

Baya ga wannan, akwai wasu matsalolin lafiya da rashin daidaiton enzymes zai iya haifarwa:

• Cutar Crohn: Rashin daidaito a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanji ( ƙwayoyin cuta na hanji) na iya haifar da amsawar rigakafi a cikin hanji. Wannan na iya shafar alamun cutar Crohn da tsananin cutar.
• Rashin isasshen sinadarin pancreas na Exocrine (EPI): Wannan shine lokacin da pancreas ɗinka ba ya samar da isasshen enzymes na narkewar abinci, ma'ana ba za ka iya narke abinci yadda ya kamata ko shan abubuwan gina jiki ba.
• Rashin Haƙuri da Lactose: Wannan yana faruwa ne sakamakon rashin sinadarin enzyme da ake buƙata don narke lactose, wani sikari da ake samu a cikin madara da kayayyakin kiwo.

Yaushe ya kamata ka ga likita game da matsalar enzyme?

Ba zai yiwu a san tabbas ko kana da matsalar sinadarin enzyme ba tare da gwajin jini ba. Duk da haka, yana da kyau a ga likita idan kana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun:

• Ciwon ciki
• Kumburi ko iskar gas
• Gudawa
• Jin gajiya sosai (Gajiya)
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Rage nauyi mara dalili
• Rashin jini
• Zubar da jini a cikin hanji