Yaya kake jin ƙamshi? Bari mu koyi game da jijiyar ƙamshi!

Ka yi tunanin ƙamshin abinci mai daɗi da ke fitowa daga kicin, ƙamshin furanni masu fure a farfajiya, ko kuma ƙamshin ruwan sama mai daɗi da ke faɗowa a ƙasa... Nawa ne waɗannan ƙamshin ke ƙara wa rayuwarmu? Wasu ƙamshi suna dawo mana da tsoffin tunani, wasu kuma suna yi mana gargaɗi game da haɗari. Don haka, shin kun taɓa mamakin yadda muke samun wannan baiwa mai ban mamaki, ikon jin ƙamshi? Babban jarumin da ke bayan duk wannan shine jijiyar ƙamshi, ko kuma "Jijiyoyin Ƙamshi". A yau, bari mu yi magana game da wannan ƙaramar jijiyar amma mai matuƙar muhimmanci.

A taƙaice dai, menene jijiyar ƙamshi?

Jijiyoyin ƙamshi sune na farko daga cikin jijiyoyi 12 na musamman da suka fara a kwakwalwarka. Muna kiransu da jijiyoyi na musamman. Don haka wannan shine jijiyoyi na farko (Cranial Nerve I). Za ka yi mamakin jin cewa wannan shine mafi guntuwar jijiya a jikinka. Yana farawa ne daga kwakwalwarka kuma yana ƙarewa a saman hancinka, a ciki.

Babban aikin wannan jijiya shi ne ya ba ku ikon jin wari. Duk wani abu da ke da wari, misali fure, abinci, kwalbar turare, yana sakin ƙananan ƙwayoyin da ba a gani a cikin iska. Idan muka shaƙa, waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna shiga hanci. Akwai ƙwayoyin da aka ƙware don gano waɗannan ƙwayoyin wari. Muna kiransu masu karɓar ƙamshi. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna aika bayanan ƙamshin da suka gano kai tsaye zuwa kwakwalwa ta hanyar jijiyar ƙamshi. A lokacin ne kwakwalwa ke gaya mana, "Ah... wannan ƙamshin yana fitowa daga bagel" ko "Wannan yana wari kamar furannin jasmine."

Ta yaya tsarin wari yake faruwa?

Tsarin ƙanshinmu yana aiki ta hanyoyi biyu.

1. Ta Hanyar Hanci: Idan muka shaƙa iska yadda ya kamata, ƙwayoyin da ke fitowa daga muhalli suna shiga ta hanyar hanci. Masu karɓar ƙamshi da ke saman hanci suna gano waɗannan ƙwayoyin. Kamar maɓalli, akwai masu karɓar da suka dace da kowace ƙwayar ƙamshi. Yadda waɗannan masu karɓar ke aiki tare ne ke ba mu damar gano dubban ƙamshi daban-daban.

2. A bayan makogwaro: Idan ka tauna abinci ko ka sha abin sha, ƙwayoyin cuta masu wari suna fitowa daga abincin. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna tafiya zuwa makogwaro kuma suna isa ga masu karɓar ƙamshi a bayan hanci. Shi ya sa wani lokacin muna iya ɗanɗana abinci da ƙamshi a lokaci guda. Idan kana da mura kuma hancinka ya cika, abinci yana da ɗanɗano mara kyau saboda wannan hanyar wari ta toshe.

Wannan membrane na musamman da ke cikin hanci

A saman ramin hancinmu akwai wani membrane mai suna "Olfactory Mucosa" (mucosa olfactory). Wannan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga jin ƙamshi. Yana da manyan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta guda uku:

• Kwayoyin halittar mai karɓar ƙamshi: Waɗannan su ne waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin na'urori masu auna ƙamshi don gano takamaiman ƙamshi.
• Kwayoyin halittar jiki: Waɗannan suna ba da ƙarfi da tallafi ga wasu ƙwayoyin halitta, kamar masu taimako.
• Kwayoyin Basal: Waɗannan su ne ƙwayoyin 'jarirai' waɗanda ke samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin masu karɓar ƙwayoyin halitta da kuma ƙwayoyin da ke tallafawa. Kwayoyin warinmu suna mutuwa bayan wani lokaci, don haka waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta su ne ke samar da sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta don maye gurbinsu.

Wadanne alamomi ne ke faruwa idan aikin jijiyar ƙamshi ya lalace?

Idan wannan tsarin ƙamshi ya shafi, matsaloli daban-daban na iya faruwa. Wataƙila kun taɓa fuskantar ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan.

Mene ne ke haifar da raguwar jin wari ko rasa shi?

Akwai dalilai da yawa da zasu iya shafar jijiyar ƙamshi. Wasu na ɗan lokaci ne, wasu kuma na dogon lokaci ne.

• Kamuwa da cutar sinus da kuma ciwon hanci: Abubuwa kamar mura da cututtukan sinus na iya haifar da kumburi a cikin hanci. Wannan yana hana ƙwayoyin wari isa ga masu karɓa. Ciwon hanci kuma na iya toshe hanyar ta wannan hanyar.
• Amfani da taba: Sinadaran da ake fitarwa daga shan taba sigari da kuma taba mai taunawa suna lalata ƙwayoyin halitta masu laushi waɗanda ke jin ƙamshi.
• Rashin tsaftar hakori: Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta a baki da matsalolin hakori na iya shafar jin ƙamshi a wasu lokutan.
• Raunin kai mai tsanani: Raunin kai, musamman ma bugun zuciya, na iya lalata jijiyar ƙamshi. Zaruruwan jijiyoyi da ke ratsa ƙashi mai laushi tsakanin kwakwalwa da hanci na iya yagewa.
• Kwayar cutar COVID-19: Mutane da yawa da suka kamu da cutar coronavirus `(SARS-CoV-2)` sun rasa jin warinsu na ɗan lokaci ko kuma wataƙila har abada. Ana tsammanin hakan ya faru ne sakamakon lalacewar ƙwayoyin ƙamshi da ƙwayoyin da ke tallafa musu da cutar.
• Wasu Magunguna: Wasu magungunan rigakafi da sauran magunguna na iya haifar da canje-canje a jin ƙamshi a matsayin sakamako mai illa.
• Sauran cututtuka: Jijiyoyin ƙamshi na iya shafar cututtukan da suka shafi tsarin jijiyoyi, kamar su ciwon suga, cutar Alzheimer, cutar Parkinson, ciwace-ciwacen kwakwalwa, da farfadiya.
• Guba da sinadarai na muhalli: Fuskantar sinadarai kamar magungunan kashe kwari na iya lalata ƙwayoyin ƙamshi.

Akwai abubuwan da za mu iya yi don kare kanmu daga waɗannan matsalolin?

Akwai wasu abubuwa da ba za mu iya sarrafawa ba, kamar ciwon kwakwalwa ko cutar Alzheimer, amma za mu iya rage haɗarin ta hanyar yin abubuwan da muke da iko a kansu.

• A guji raunin kai: A sanya kayan kariya kamar kwalkwali yayin da ake wasanni. A guji ayyukan da ke da haɗari.
• Sami allurar rigakafin COVID-19: Allurar rigakafi na iya rage cututtuka masu tsanani da kuma matsaloli masu alaƙa da hakan.
• A guji shan taba: Idan kai mai shan taba ne, daina shan taba babban taimako ne ga jin ƙamshi da kuma lafiyarka gaba ɗaya.
• Kula da lafiyar baki: A goge haƙoranka da kuma goge hakora a kowace rana.
• Kare kanka daga sinadarai: Idan kana aiki da abubuwa kamar magungunan kashe kwari, sanya abin rufe fuska.
• Nemi magani mai kyau don yanayin lafiyarka: Idan kana da cututtuka kamar ciwon suga, yana da mahimmanci ka kula da su sosai.

Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita?

Sauyin jin warin jikinka wani lokacin yana iya zama alamar farko ta rashin lafiya mai tsanani, don haka yana da muhimmanci a san waɗannan abubuwan.

Lokacin da za ku ga likitanku:

• Idan kwatsam ka rasa jin warinka.
• Idan ƙamshin abubuwa ya canza kuma yana jin kamar an murɗe shi.
• Idan kana jin kamar kana jin wari mara kyau ba tare da wani dalili ba.

Yin watsi da waɗannan fasalulluka na iya haifar da matsalolin tsaro. Kawai ka yi tunani,

• Wane irin haɗari ne zai iya faruwa idan babu warin fashewar iskar gas?
• Me zai faru idan ba ka ji warin hayakin wuta ba?
• Me zai faru idan ka ci abincin da ya ƙare, wanda ya lalace ba tare da ka ji ƙamshinsa ba?

Saboda haka, jin ƙamshi ba wai kawai wani abu ne da muke jin ƙamshi ba, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga lafiyarmu. Idan kuna da irin wannan matsalar, ku tabbata kun ga likitanku don neman shawara. Zai iya gano abin da ke haifar da hakan kuma ya tura ku zuwa ga maganin da ya dace.