Bari mu koyi game da magungunan rediyo ta hanya mai sauƙi. Wannan zai zama da matuƙar muhimmanci a gare ku!

Wataƙila za ka ɗan ji tsoro idan ka ji kalmar "radiopharmaceuticals," ko ba haka ba? Kalmar "radioactive" nan da nan tana tuna maka da wani abu mai haɗari, amma idan aka yi amfani da shi yadda ya kamata a fannin magani, za su iya zama babban taimako. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana game da abin da suke, yadda suke aiki, da kuma yadda suke da aminci a gare ka.

Mene ne waɗannan magungunan rediyo? Bari mu fahimce shi a taƙaice!

A taƙaice dai, waɗannan `(Radiopharmaceuticals)` suma nau'in magani ne na musamman . Amma suna da ɗan ƙaramin sinadari mai rediyoaktif, wato, suna da rediyoaktif. Kada ku damu, wannan rediyoaktif ne mai sarrafawa, mai aminci. Likitocinmu, wato, likitoci da masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya masu alaƙa, suna amfani da waɗannan magunguna don gwaje-gwajen hoto a cikin maganin nukiliya da kuma magance wasu cututtuka, musamman ciwon daji .

Ka yi tunani a kai, idan suna son ganin ko akwai matsala a cikin jikinka, wani lokacin likitoci suna ba ka ɗan magani ka sha ko allura kafin a yi maka scan? Wannan wani abu ne kamar haka. Waɗannan magunguna na musamman ana yin su kuma ana ba su ta hanyar ƙwararrun mutane da ake kira masana magunguna na nukiliya . Sannan , masana kimiyyar rediyo da fasahar rediyo (RTs) suna amfani da su don yin gwaje-gwajen hoton ganewar asali. Wani lokaci, likitocin radiation oncologists suma suna ba da waɗannan magunguna a matsayin magani.

Me ake amfani da waɗannan magungunan rediyo?

Ana amfani da waɗannan magunguna galibi a sassa biyu. Bari mu ga menene su.

1. Magungunan Radiation na Ganewa

Sau da yawa ana amfani da magungunan rediyo a gwaje-gwajen hoton magungunan nukiliya . Muna kiran waɗannan "maganin gano cututtuka na rediyo." A Amurka kaɗai, an kiyasta cewa ana yin miliyoyin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen magungunan nukiliya kowace shekara. Don haka za ku iya tunanin yadda ake amfani da su sosai.

Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya duba ko gabobin jiki da kyallen jikinka suna aiki yadda ya kamata . Ana yin haka kamar haka:

Ana ba ku ƙaramin adadin wannan maganin rediyoaktif don ku sha, ku sha, ko ku yi allura. Waɗannan a wasu lokutan ana kiransu radiotracers . Adadin maganin rediyoaktif da aka ba ku ba zai cutar da ku ba. Ƙaramin adadin ne. Wannan maganin yana zuwa wurin da akwai matsala a jikin ku kuma yana taruwa. Sannan, kyamarar da ke da saurin amsawa, kamar kyamarar gamma, tana gano radiation a jikin ku kuma tana ƙirƙirar hotuna da likita zai iya gani.

Ka yi tunanin, wannan maganin kamar wani jami'in bincike ne da ke shiga cikin jiki, yana gano wuraren da matsalar ta shafa, yana nuna mana, "A nan ne matsalar take."

Ga wasu misalai na yadda ake amfani da magungunan rediyo don gano cututtuka:

• Fluorine-18: Wannan na'urar gano rediyo ce da ake amfani da ita a cikin na'urar tantancewar PET (na'urar tantancewar watsi da iska ta Positron).
• Technetium 99m: Wannan shine sinadari mai amfani da rediyoaktif da aka fi amfani da shi a fannin likitancin nukiliya. Ana amfani da shi don bincika ƙashi, aikin hanta, da aikin koda.
• Xenon-133: Wannan magani ne mai amfani da rediyoaktif wanda ake shaƙa. Ana ba shi ne don duba aikin huhu (gwajin aikin huhu).
• Rubidium-82: Wannan magani ne da ake ba ku ta hanyar jijiya (IV). Ana amfani da shi don duba yanayin tsokar zuciya (hoton zuciya).

2. Magungunan Magungunan Radiation na Warwarewa

Yanzu bari mu yi magana game da yadda ake amfani da waɗannan magunguna don magani. Waɗannan sun ɗan bambanta da waɗanda ake amfani da su don ganewar asali. Magungunan rediyo da ake amfani da su don magani suna fitar da radiation mai ƙarfi da kashe ƙwayoyin halitta . Ana yin wannan ne don kashe ƙwayoyin halitta marasa lafiya, musamman ƙwayoyin cutar kansa .

Waɗannan magunguna kamar "masu farautar kyaututtuka ne." Wato, suna nemo ƙwayoyin cutar kansa kuma suna ba da maganin radiation kai tsaye ga waɗannan ƙwayoyin . Wannan ya bambanta da maganin radiation na waje , wanda ke amfani da injin don aika hasken radiation daga wajen jikinka. Amma waɗannan magungunan radiotherapy suna aiki kai tsaye ta hanyar niyya ga abin da aka nufa.

Wannan fanni, wato amfani da magungunan rediyoaktif don magani, sabon abu ne. Masu bincike har yanzu suna binciken sabbin hanyoyin amfani da su. Sun yi imanin cewa magungunan rediyoaktif masu warkarwa za su taka muhimmiyar rawa a maganin cutar kansa a nan gaba.

Menene magungunan rediyo da ake amfani da su don magance ciwon daji?

Akwai nau'ikan "Radiopharmaceuticals" da dama da likitoci ke amfani da su wajen magance cutar kansa. Misali:

• PLUVICTO® (lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan): Wannan magani ne da Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) ta amince da shi. Ana amfani da shi don magance cutar kansar prostate (ciwon daji na prostate mai jure wa castration-resistant PSMA-positive - mCRPC mai jure wa PSMA-positive).
• Lutathera™ `(Lutathera™ - Lutetium Lu 177 dotate)`:Wannan magani ne da FDA ta amince da shi. Ana amfani da shi don magance wasu ciwace-ciwacen neuroendocrine (ciwacen neuroendocrine na somatostatin receptor-positive) waɗanda ke faruwa a cikin ciki, hanji, da pancreas.
• Iodine-131: Wannan shine babban nau'in maganin iodine mai rediyoaktif. Yana iya magance wasu cututtukan thyroid da wasu lokuta na cutar Graves, wanda kuma aka sani da hyperthyroidism.
• Radium-223: Wannan yana da tasiri sosai wajen magance ciwon ƙashi da ke faruwa lokacin da ciwon prostate ya bazu (ya bazu) zuwa ƙashi. Hukumar FDA ta Amurka ta amince da Radium-223 dichloride (Xofigo™) don wannan dalili.

Bugu da ƙari, akwai wasu nau'ikan magungunan rediyo da dama a yanzu haka a gwaje-gwajen asibiti don wasu nau'ikan ciwon daji.

Waɗanne magungunan rediyo ne aka fi amfani da su?

Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, Technetium-99m magani ne na rediyo wanda likitoci ke amfani da shi akai-akai. Ana amfani da shi musamman don gwaje-gwajen hoton ganewar asali. Yana taimakawa wajen "ganin" waɗannan:

• Juyawar huhu (zubar jini) a cikin huhu.
• Guduwar jini a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini (Vascular perfusion).
• Kasusuwa.
• Nau'in zuciya.
• Lacrimal gland.
• Ciwon thyroid.

Wasu magungunan rediyo da ake amfani da su a da sune:

• ¹⁸F Fluorodeoxyglucose `(¹⁸F Fluorodeoxyglucose - FDG)`
• Gallium-68 DOTATATE
• Gallium-68 PSMA `(Gallium-68 PSMA)`
• ¹⁸F PSMA `(¹⁸F PSMA)`
• Iodine 123 `(Iodine 123)`

To shin waɗannan magungunan rediyo suna da aminci da gaske?

Wannan tambaya ce da mutane da yawa ke da ita. Idan aka yi amfani da ita kuma aka sarrafa ta yadda ya kamata, magungunan rediyo suna da aminci. Likitan rediyo da/ko likitan kansa zai yi aiki tare da mai sayar da magungunan nukiliya don tabbatar da cewa adadin magungunan rediyo da aka ba ku daidai ne kuma lafiya . Don haka babu abin damuwa.

Kamar dukkan magunguna, maganin radiation na iya haifar da wasu illoli . Duk da haka, fa'idodin maganin yawanci sun fi haɗarin da ke tattare da shi. Likitan ku zai yi muku bayani game da waɗannan illolin kafin ku fara magani.

Duk da cewa an shafe shekaru da dama ana amfani da magungunan rediyo wajen daukar hotunan magungunan nukiliya, amma kwanan nan ne aka fara amfani da su wajen magance cutar kansa. Masu bincike har yanzu suna nazarin yadda wadannan magungunan rediyoaktif ke kai hari da kuma kashe kwayoyin cutar kansa. Idan kuna sha'awar koyo game da gwaje-gwajen asibiti na magungunan rediyoaktif don maganin cutar kansa, yi magana da likitanku. Suna farin cikin taimaka muku.

A ƙarshe, muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata ku tuna

To, daga abin da muka tattauna, waɗannan su ne manyan abubuwan da ya kamata ku tuna:

• Magungunan rediyo wani nau'in magani ne na musamman wanda ke da ikon sarrafa tasirin rediyo .
• Ana amfani da waɗannan galibi don gwaje-gwajen hoton ganewar asali (misali gwajin PET, gwajin ƙashi) da kuma magance wasu cututtuka, musamman ciwon daji .
• A cikin ganewar asali, waɗannan suna aiki a matsayin "Masu bin diddigin rediyo", suna "nuna" sassan jiki inda akwai matsaloli.
• A cikin jiyya, waɗannan suna taimakawa wajen kai hari da kuma lalata ƙwayoyin cutar kansa .
• Waɗannan magunguna suna da lafiya idan aka ba su ƙarƙashin kulawar likita mai kyau . Kamar yadda yake ga dukkan magunguna, akwai ƙananan illa, amma fa'idodin galibi sun fi su.
• Wannan fanni, musamman a fannin maganin cutar kansa, har yanzu yana ci gaba , kuma ana iya tsammanin ƙarin ci gaba da yawa a nan gaba.

Don haka, lokaci na gaba da ka ji labarin "(Radiopharmaceutical)", yanzu ka fahimci menene shi da kuma abin da ake amfani da shi, ko ba haka ba? Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi, kada ka yi jinkirin tambayar likitanka.

Magungunan Radiation , Maganin Nukiliya, Maganin Ciwon daji, Duban dan tayi, Maganin Radiation, Gano Cututtuka