Mataki na farko mai ban mamaki a cikin ƙwaƙwalwarmu: Bari mu koyi game da ƙwaƙwalwar azanci.

Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin yadda abubuwan da muke gani, ji, da ji ake adana su a cikin ƙwaƙwalwarmu? A zahiri tsari ne mai ban mamaki. Na farko kuma mafi mahimmanci daga cikin waɗannan shine ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda muke kira ƙwaƙwalwar ji . Yana kama da 'rijistar' bayanai daga hankalinmu na ɗan lokaci. Bari mu yi magana game da wannan dalla-dalla a yau.

Menene Ma'anar Ƙarfin Ji (Sensitive Memory)?

A taƙaice dai, hankulanku guda biyar - idanunku, kunnuwanku, hancinku, harshe, da fatarku - suna tattara tarin bayanai na ɗan gajeren lokaci waɗanda muke kira Sensory Memory, ko kuma wani lokacin Sensory Register . Ku yi tunanin ɗaukar hoton abin da ke kewaye da ku a cikin ɗan lokaci kaɗan. Kamar ɗaukar hoton abin da ke kewaye da ku a cikin babban ƙuduri . Sannan, ana aika wannan bayanin zuwa ga ƙwaƙwalwar ku ta ɗan gajeren lokaci .

Ba za ka iya sarrafa tsawon lokacin da waɗannan tunanin za su daɗe ba, yawanci suna ɗaukar 'yan daƙiƙa kaɗan ne kawai. Amma a cikin wannan ɗan gajeren lokaci, zai iya taimaka maka ka fahimci ko da ƙananan bayanai a cikin mahallinka.

Waɗanne nau'ikan ƙwaƙwalwar azanci ne?

Akwai nau'ikan tunanin motsin rai guda biyar da suka shafi hankulanmu guda biyar. Bari mu dubi menene su:

• Ƙwaƙwalwar Echoic: Wannan ya shafi ji . Kamar echo, sauti yana tsayawa a cikin kai na ɗan lokaci bayan an ji shi.
• Tunawa da Haptic: Wannan yana da alaƙa da taɓawa . Ko da bayan taɓa wani abu, jin taɓawa yana nan a fata na ɗan lokaci.
• Tunawa da ɗanɗano: Wannan yana da alaƙa da ɗanɗano . Ɗanɗanon abinci yana nan a harshe ko da bayan an ci shi.
• Tunawa ta musamman: Wannan yana da alaƙa da gani . Ko da bayan ganin wani abu kuma ya kalle shi, hoton yana nan a bayyane na ɗan lokaci.
• Ƙwaƙwalwar ƙamshi: Wannan yana da alaƙa da ƙamshi . Ikon riƙe ƙamshi a hanci ko da bayan an shaƙa shi.

Bari mu duba wasu misalan ƙwaƙwalwar ji.

To, domin mu fayyace muku kaɗan, bari mu yi magana game da misalan kowanne daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan. Dole ne ku taɓa fuskantar waɗannan a rayuwarku ta yau da kullun.

• Tunawa da Sauti: Ka yi tunanin wannan jin daɗin lokacin da ka gama sauraron waƙar da ka fi so kuma waƙar ta ci gaba da bugawa a cikin zuciyarka. Ko kuma lokacin da wani ya kira sunanka kuma ka ji kamar sautin ya daɗe a cikin kunnuwanka na ɗan lokaci. Shi ke nan.
• Tunawa da Haptic: Jin wani yana riƙe hannunka sosai sannan ya saki, har yanzu yana jin matsin wannan taɓawar. Ko kuma, kamar lokacin da ruwan sama ya faɗo a fatar jikinka a lokacin ruwan sama, taɓawar danshi tana nan a fatar jikinka na ɗan lokaci.
• Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya:Ko da bayan an gama cin abincin dare, ɗanɗanon abincin, misali, mai yaji idan yana da yaji, mai daɗi idan yana da daɗi, yana jin kamar yana daɗe a bakinka.
• Tunawa ta musamman: Idan ka kalli wasan wuta, za ka ji kamar har yanzu za ka iya ganin layuka masu launuka a gaban idanunka bayan wasan wuta ya ƙare. Ko kuma, idan kyamara ta kunna, za ka ga wani farin tabo a gaban idanunka na ɗan lokaci.
• Tunawa da ƙamshi: Jin cewa ƙamshin burodi sabo yana ci gaba da kasancewa a hancinka ko da bayan ka bar gidan burodi. Ko kuma, idan ka wuce wanda ya shafa turare, ƙamshin yana ci gaba da wanzuwa na ɗan lokaci.

Ta yaya ƙwaƙwalwar ji take aiki?

To, yanzu bari mu ga yadda wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar take aiki. Yana da sauƙi sosai, kuma yana faruwa cikin 'yan matakai kaɗan masu sauri:

1. Kana jin wani abu. Wannan yana nufin kana gani, ji, ƙamshi, ɗanɗana, ko taɓa wani abu.

2. A wannan lokacin, sashin kwakwalwarka wanda ke da alhakin wannan jin (muna kiransa da Sensory Cortex) zai fara aiki nan take. Wannan yana faruwa da sauri, kamar danna maɓalli akan makullin lantarki. Wannan yana faruwa cikin ɗan ƙaramin daƙiƙa.

3. Na gaba, kwakwalwarka tana zaɓar abubuwa mafi mahimmanci ne kawai daga cikin bayanan da ta tattara kuma tana mai da hankali a kansu. Ka yi tunanin, lokacin da kake tafiya a kan titi mai cike da jama'a, kana jin kowane sauti, kana ganin kowane gani, kuma kana jin ƙamshi. Amma kwakwalwarka ba za ta tuna komai a lokaci guda ba. Madadin haka, tana mai da hankali ne kawai kan abubuwan da suke da mahimmanci ga lafiyarka, kamar sautin ƙaho na mota kwatsam. Tana 'tace' abubuwa marasa amfani kamar haka kuma tana kawar da su.

4. A ƙarshe, ana aika wannan muhimmin bayani zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ku ta ɗan gajeren lokaci. Daga nan, ana yanke shawara ko za a ƙara adana wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ko kuma za ta zama ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ta dogon lokaci.

Har yaushe ne ƙwaƙwalwar ji take aiki? Kuma menene ƙarfinta?

Wataƙila kana mamaki, 'Har yaushe wannan ƙwaƙwalwar motsin rai take a cikin kawunanmu?' A zahiri gajere ne. Wannan bayanin yawanci ana adana shi na kimanin daƙiƙa 0.2 zuwa 2. Wannan kamar ƙyaftawar ido ne! Amma wannan lokacin na iya bambanta kaɗan dangane da jin da kake ji. Misali, ƙwaƙwalwar da aka sani don gani yawanci tana ɗaukar kimanin daƙiƙa ɗaya. Ƙwaƙwalwar sauti na sauti na iya ɗaukar daƙiƙa kaɗan, wataƙila uku ko huɗu.

To menene ƙarfinsa, wato, adadin bayanai da zai iya riƙewa a lokaci guda? Ƙwaƙwalwar azanci tana da babban ƙarfin aiki. Dalilin haka shine muna amfani da jijiyoyi da yawa a lokaci guda.

Ka yi tunanin, idan ka ci abinci. Ka ga abincin (gani), ka ji yanayin abincin da ke kan harshenka (taɓawa), ka ji ƙamshin kowanne dandano (ƙamshi), ka ji sautin 'ƙaramin' yayin da kake ci (ji), kuma ka ɗanɗana shi (ɗanɗano). Ta haka ne za ka iya sarrafa duk bayanan da ke fitowa daga gaɓoɓinka guda biyar zuwa cikin ƙwaƙwalwarka ta ji (ƙwaƙwalwar ji). Shin wannan ba abin mamaki ba ne?

Duk da haka, duk da cewa wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ji tana da babban ƙarfin aiki, amma tana ɗaukar ƴan daƙiƙa kaɗan ne kawai. Wato, sabbin bayanai suna shigowa da sauri, kuma tsoffin bayanai suna gogewa. Kamar "allo" ne da ake sabuntawa akai-akai. Sannan ko dai bayanin ya tafi wani yanki na ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin kwakwalwa, wato, ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan gajeren lokaci, ko kuma an goge shi gaba ɗaya, wanda ke ba mu damar fuskantar sabbin ji. Wannan tsari mai sauri shine abin da ke ba mu damar mu'amala da duniya mai canzawa koyaushe.

Wadanne sassa na kwakwalwa ne ke da hannu a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar azanci?

Wannan tsari mai ban mamaki da ake kira ƙwaƙwalwar ji ya ƙunshi sassa daban-daban na kwakwalwarmu. Kowace ji tana bin wata hanya ta musamman zuwa kwakwalwa.

Bari mu ce kun ji sauti. Wannan sautin yana canzawa zuwa siginar lantarki kuma yana tafiya ta cikin zaruruwan jijiyoyi zuwa kwakwalwarku. Da farko yana tafiya ta cikin kwakwalwarku , sannan ta cikin thalamus (tashar relay a tsakiyar kwakwalwarku). Sannan thalamus yana tura siginar zuwa yankin kwakwalwa da ya dace don wannan jin daɗin. Misali, idan muka ji, siginar tana tafiya zuwa ga kwakwalwar ku ta ji . Wannan yana cikin lobe na lokaci .

Ga wasu daga cikin manyan sassan kwakwalwa da ke taimakawa wajen sarrafa bayanai daga hankulanku:

• Ƙwaƙwalwar Echoic (ji): Auditory Cortex - Wannan yana cikin Temporal Lobe .
• Ƙwaƙwalwar Haptic (taɓawa): Somatosensory Cortex - Wannan yana cikin yankin Parietal Lobe .
• Ƙwaƙwalwar Gustatory (ɗanɗano): Babban Gustatory Cortex - Wannan yana tsakanin Insular Lobe da Frontal Lobe .
• Ƙwaƙwalwar gani mai ban mamaki (gani): Babban Tsarin gani na gani - Wannan yana cikin lobe na occipital .
• Ƙamshi: Ƙwallon Ƙamshi - Wannan yana ƙasan kwakwalwarka, kusa da hancinka.

Waɗannan sassan kwakwalwa, tare da wasu wurare, kamar hippocampus da amygdala, suna da hannu a cikin ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwa da motsin rai.Tare, waɗannan sassan suna taimaka wa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar motsin zuciyarku ta yi aiki yadda ya kamata. Shin wannan ba wani tsari mai rikitarwa da ban mamaki bane da ke faruwa a cikin kwakwalwarmu?

Me yasa Memory na Sensory yake da mahimmanci a gare mu?

Don haka, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ita ce hanyar farko ta zuwa duniyarmu, tana taimaka mana mu riƙe bayanai na ɗan lokaci daga hankalinmu. Ko dai ɗanɗanon lasagna mai daɗi na kakarka ce, ƙamshin sabbin furannin lilac, ko kuma kururuwar tsuntsaye yayin da kake tafiya a kan titi, saboda ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ce take sa ka san abin da ke faruwa a kusa da kai nan take. Ba tare da ita ba, da ba za mu iya fahimtar abin da muke ji, gani, da ji a matsayin ci gaba da gudana na gogewa ba.

Kwakwalwarmu tana zaɓar wasu daga cikin waɗannan bayanai nan take ta adana su a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ta dogon lokaci, kamar waƙar da kuka fi so ko runguma mai ɗumi daga ƙaunatacce. Saboda haka, wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar hankali muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin ƙwaƙwalwa.

Ku tuna, kamar kowane ɓangare na jikinmu, wannan tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya wani lokacin yana iya lalacewa ko lalacewa. Idan kuna da wata damuwa ko shakku game da ko ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ku tana aiki yadda ya kamata, ya fi kyau ku tuntuɓi likita.

Muhimman abubuwan da ya kamata a tuna daga abin da muka tattauna (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

To, bari mu sake duba wasu muhimman batutuwa game da ƙwaƙwalwar ji da muka yi magana a kai a yau:

• Ƙwaƙwalwar azanci ƙwaƙwalwa ce mai ɗan gajeren lokaci wadda ke adana bayanai da aka karɓa daga gaɓoɓinmu guda biyar na ɗan lokaci.
• Wannan kamar ɗaukar hoton abubuwan da ke kewaye da mu ne nan take .
• Akwai manyan nau'ikan ji guda biyar: ji (ji), taɓawa (taɓawa), ɗanɗano (ɗanɗano), gani (gani), da kuma ƙwaƙwalwar ƙamshi (ƙamshi).
• Wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar tana ɗaukar tsakanin daƙiƙa 0.2 zuwa 2 ne kawai (watakila ma ta fi haka) .
• Duk da haka, ƙarfinsa yana da girma sosai ; yana iya ɗaukar bayanai daga sassa daban-daban a lokaci guda.
• Ana kunna takamaiman sassan kwakwalwa (misali, cortex na ji, cortex na gani, thalamus) don wannan dalili.
• Wannan shine mataki na farko, mai mahimmanci wajen canja wurin bayanai zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan gajeren lokaci .
• Idan ka lura da wata matsala, canje-canje, ko mantuwa mai yawa a cikin ƙwaƙwalwarka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka nemi shawarar likita.

Don haka, ina fatan kuna da kyakkyawar fahimta game da wannan mataki na farko mai ban mamaki a cikin ƙwaƙwalwarmu mai suna ƙwaƙwalwar ji. Sanin abubuwa kamar wannan yana taimaka mana mu fahimci kanmu sosai, ko ba haka ba?

` Ƙwaƙwalwar azanci, ƙwaƙwalwa, jijiyoyi biyar, kwakwalwa, ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan gajeren lokaci, gabobi, tsarin jijiyoyi