Shin ka taɓa lura da tabo ja-ja a jikin ɗanka ko jikinka? Wataƙila ka shafa wurin a hankali da yatsanka, kuma ba zato ba tsammani wurin ya yi ja, ya fara ƙaiƙayi, sai ƙaramin ƙura ya bayyana a samansa. Idan wannan abin ya faru ya saba maka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ka san yanayin da muke magana a kai a yau.
A taƙaice dai, menene Urticaria Pigmentosa?
Urticaria Pigmentosa wani nau'in kurji ne da ke faruwa a fata. Ana yawan ganinsa a cikin ƙananan yara da manya. A zahiri wani nau'i ne na wata cuta da ake kira 'mastocytosis'.
Yanzu za ku iya mamakin menene "mastocytosis". Abu ne mai sauƙi. "Ƙwayoyin mast" wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta ne na musamman a cikin tsarin garkuwar jikinmu. Suna kama da masu tsaron lafiyar jiki. Idan saboda wani dalili waɗannan ƙwayoyin mast suna taruwa da yawa a wani yanki na fata, muna kiransa Urticaria Pigmentosa. Duk da haka, waɗannan ƙwayoyin mast na iya taruwa ba kawai a cikin fata ba, har ma a wasu gabobin kamar ƙasusuwa da hanji. Sannan ya koma yanayin da ake kira "tsarin mastocytosis". Amma kada ku damu, mafi yawan lokuta, Urticaria Pigmentosa a cikin yara yana iyakance ga fata.
A cikin wannan cuta, idan tabo mai launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana a fata, yana yin ja, yana kumbura, yana kaikayi, kuma yana tashi kamar an buge shi da mota. A fannin likitanci, ana kiran wannan alamar "alamar Darier."
Me yasa wani abu makamancin haka ke faruwa?
Babban dalilin haka shine "ƙwayoyin mast" da muka yi magana a kai a baya. Waɗannan nau'in ƙwayoyin jinin fari ne da ake samarwa a cikin ƙashin ƙashinmu. Ana samun waɗannan ƙwayoyin a ko'ina cikin jikinmu, musamman inda muke hulɗa da duniyar waje, kamar fata, huhu, da hanji. Lokacin da wani abu kamar ƙwayar cuta ya shiga jiki, waɗannan ƙwayoyin mast suna fitar da wani sinadari da ake kira "histamine" don taimakawa wajen kare jiki.
Urticaria Pigmentosa yana faruwa ne sakamakon maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta wanda ke sa waɗannan ƙwayoyin mast su taru a cikin fata. Wannan canjin kwayoyin halitta yawanci yana faruwa ne yayin da yaro yake cikin mahaifa. Duk da haka, ba wani abu bane da ake gado daga iyaye zuwa ga yara . Ba a gano ainihin dalilin wannan maye gurbi ba tukuna.
Idan manya suka kamu da wannan yanayin, zai iya zama ɗan tsanani. Ana kiransa da "mastocytosis na tsarin rashin ƙarfi". A wannan yanayin, ƙwayoyin mast suna taruwa a wurare kamar ƙashin ƙashi ban da fata. Ba kasafai ake samun wannan yanayin ba, zai iya zama yanayin ciwon daji da ake kira "leukemia na ƙwayoyin mast". Amma kuma, waɗannan abubuwa ne da ba kasafai ake samu ba . Kashi 99% na Urticaria Pigmentosa da ke faruwa a yara ba su da tsanani sosai.
Mene ne alamun wannan cuta?
Babban kuma mafi bayyanannen alamar ita ce 'Alamar Darier' da muka yi magana a kai. Wato, tabon launin ruwan kasa suna yin ja da ƙaiƙayi idan aka shafa su. Bugu da ƙari, wasu mutane na iya fuskantar waɗannan alamun.
| Alamar | Bayani mai sauƙi |
|---|---|
| bugun zuciya | Karuwar bugun zuciya yana ƙaruwa kamar kana jin tsoro. |
| Gudawa (ciwon ciki) | Yana iya faruwa ne sakamakon kunna ƙwayoyin mast a cikin tsarin narkewar abinci. |
| Shafa ruwa | Kwatsam sai ga jajayen fuska da na sama. |
| Wahalar numfashi (Whishing) | Sautin 'cuku-cuku' lokacin numfashi, kamar na masu fama da asma. |
| Sumewa | Rashin sani saboda raguwar hawan jini kwatsam. |
| Ciwon kai | Ciwon kai. |
Fiye da kashi 75% na marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar Urticaria Pigmentosa yara ne 'yan ƙasa da shekara 10. A yawancin yara, wannan yanayin yana iyakance ga fata kuma yana inganta da shekaru.
Ta yaya likita ke gano wannan?
A mafi yawan lokuta, likitanka zai iya gano wannan yanayin cikin sauƙi ta hanyar duba tabo a fatar jikinka da kuma duba alamar Darier. Ba a buƙatar wasu gwaje-gwaje.
Duk da haka, idan akwai shakku game da ko wannan yanayin ba wai kawai ya shafi fata ba ne, har ma ya shafi wasu sassan jiki, likita zai iya ba da shawarar waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.
- Gwajin jini (`Ƙididdigar jini`): Koyi game da nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta daban-daban da adadinsu a cikin jini.
- Gwajin tryptase na jini: Ana duba kasancewar wani enzyme a cikin jini wanda ƙwayoyin mast ke fitarwa.
- Duba yawan ƙashi: Duba yadda ƙasusuwanku suke da ƙarfi.
- Gwajin ƙashi: Yana duba ko ƙashi yana samar da ƙwayoyin halitta masu lafiya.
Hanyoyin magani da kuma yadda ake magance cutar
Labari mai daɗi shine ga yawancin yara, Urticaria Pigmentosa zai warke da kansa yayin da suka tsufa . Babu wani takamaiman magani da zai hana sabbin tabo su bayyana. Tabo da ke akwai na iya ɗaukar shekaru kafin su shuɗe.
Muddin matsalar ta shafi fata kawai, ba a buƙatar wani babban magani. Likitanka zai iya ba da shawarar waɗannan don taimakawa wajen magance alamun cutar:
- Magungunan antihistamines na baki: Rage kaikayi da kumburi.
- Man shafawa na Corticosteroid: A shafa a wuraren da ke kaikayi.
- Cromolyn sodium: Magani ne da ake bayarwa don magance alamun kamar amai da gudawa.
- EpiPen: Na'ura ce da ake bai wa mutanen da ke da matsalar rashin lafiyan jiki mai tsanani (maganin anaphylactic) don amfani da ita a lokacin gaggawa. Ba kowa ne ke buƙatar wannan ba.
Abubuwan da za a guji musamman
Abu mafi mahimmanci a cikin wannan cuta shine a nisanta daga abubuwan da ke ƙara ta'azzara alamun, wato, abubuwan da ke sa tabo su yi ƙaiƙayi su zama ja.
| Magunguna da za a guji | Wasu abubuwan da za a guji |
|---|---|
| Asfirin | Motsa jiki (musamman mai wahala) |
| Barasa | Shafa fata da tawul sosai |
| Magungunan rage radadi kamar morphine da codeine ('Opiates') | Wanka cikin ruwan zafi |
| Thiamine (Vitamin B1) | Abubuwan sha masu zafi |
| Quinine (maganin zazzabin cizon sauro) | Yawan fallasa rana |
| Dextromethorphan (maganin tari) | Fuskantar sanyi mai tsanani |
| Wasu magungunan sa barci da kuma fenti na X-ray | Abinci mai yaji da zafi |
Muhimmi: Idan kai ko yaronka yana buƙatar shan magani don wata cuta, tabbatar da sanar da likitanka game da Urticaria Pigmentosa.
Shin matsaloli na iya faruwa?
Ba kasafai ake samun irin wannan yanayin ba, wanda ke iya kaiwa ga "tsarin mastocytosis". Irin waɗannan mutanen suna fuskantar haɗarin kamuwa da rashin lafiyan da ake kira "anphylactic shock", wanda zai iya zama barazana ga rayuwa. Idan kun fuskanci alamu kamar wahalar numfashi da rashin sani , ya kamata ku je sashen gaggawa na asibiti (ETU) nan take .
Sauran rikitarwa na tsarin mastocytosis sun haɗa da:
- Osteoporosis: Raunana ƙasusuwa.
- Cytopenia: Raguwar samar da ƙwayoyin jini a jiki.
- Matsalolin hanta.
- Ciwon daji (wanda ba kasafai ake samu ba).
Kuma, waɗannan matsaloli ne da ba kasafai ake samun su ba. Ba kasafai ake samun su a cikin yara masu fama da Urticaria Pigmentosa ba.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Urticaria Pigmentosa cuta ce ta fata da ke shafar yara. Ba a yaɗa ta ko kuma ba a gada ta daga iyaye ba.
- Babban alamar ita ce idan aka shafa wurin launin ruwan kasa, sai ya zama ja, ya kumbura, kuma yana kaikayi (alamar `Darier`).
- Kada ku ji tsoro ba tare da wata matsala ba, domin wannan yanayin zai inganta shi kaɗai ga yawancin yara yayin da suke girma.
- Mafi kyawun kulawa shine a guji abinci, magunguna, da ayyukan da ke ƙara ta'azzara alamun cutar.
- Idan kai ko ɗanka yana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, tabbatar da ganin likita don samun cikakken ganewar asali da kuma shawarar da ta dace.
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