ʻO ka mea huna ma hope o kou puʻuwai e kuʻi ana: E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoili puʻuwai.

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea e paʻi mau ai kou puʻuwai, me ka pololei? Ua like ia me nā lima o ka uaki e kani ana, me ka ʻole o ka pilikia, i kēlā me kēia lā, no nā makahiki... ʻAʻole kēia he mea ʻē aʻe. Aia kahi ʻōnaehana uila kupaianaha loa i loko o ko kākou puʻuwai. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei ʻo ka Cardiac Conduction System. Ua like kēia me kahi 'ʻōnaehana uea uila' liʻiliʻi i loko o ka puʻuwai ponoʻī. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia ʻōnaehana kupaianaha ma nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi i kēia lā.

He aha ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoili puʻuwai?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele o kou puʻuwai he pūnaewele o nā cell kūikawā, nā node, a me nā hōʻailona uila. Hana pū kēia mau mea a pau e hoʻomau i ka paʻi ʻana o kou puʻuwai. E like me ka pono o kahi hale i kahi ʻōnaehana uea e hoʻā i nā kukui, ʻaʻole hiki i kou puʻuwai ke hana me ka ʻole o ia mea.

ʻElua ʻano nui o nā pūnaewele e kaohi ana i ko kākou puʻuwai:

• Nā pūnaewele alakaʻi: ʻO kēia nā mea e lawe ana i nā hōʻailona uila. Ua like lākou me nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi.
• Nā ʻiʻo: ʻO kēia nā mea e kaohi ai i nā ʻūmiʻi o ka puʻuwai. ʻO ia hoʻi, 'pump' ka puʻuwai.

Hōʻike kēia mau hōʻailona uila i ka puʻuwai i ka manawa a pehea e pamu ai i ke koko ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. E noʻonoʻo iā ia e like me ka mea hoʻokele kaʻa, e mālama ana i ka puʻuwai e hana ana i ka manawa kūpono.

Pehea e hana ai kēia ʻōnaehana?

ʻO ka ʻōnaehana alakaʻi o kou puʻuwai ka mea e hāʻawi i ka hōʻailona e hoʻomaka i ka puʻuwai. Hōʻike pū ia i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka puʻuwai i ka wā e ʻūlū ai a me ka wā e hoʻomaha ai. ʻO kēia kaʻina hana o ka ʻūlū a me ka hoʻomaha ʻana ka mea e kaohi ai i ke kahe o ke koko ma o ka puʻuwai a ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka maʻamau, mālama kēia ʻōnaehana alakaʻi uila i kahi helu puʻuwai paʻa a kaulike . Kōkua pū ia i ka wikiwiki o kou helu puʻuwai ke pono ʻoe i ke koko a me ka oxygen hou aku (no ka laʻana, ke hoʻoikaika kino ʻoe) a hoʻolohi i kou helu puʻuwai ke hoʻomaha ʻoe.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o ka puʻuwai, ma kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu

Me kēlā me kēia puʻuwai, hele nā ​​hōʻailona uila ma ke ala alakaʻi o ka puʻuwai. Ua like kēia me ke ʻano o ka hele ʻana o ka uila ma o nā uea i loko o kahi mīkini home. Hoʻomaka ia me kahi hōʻailona hoʻonāukiuki e hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai kahi ʻāpana o kou puʻuwai i kapa ʻia ʻo ka node sinoatrial (SA) .

Ke hele nei kēia hōʻailona hoʻoulu penei:

1. Atria (nā keʻena o luna o ka puʻuwai): Hele mua kēia hōʻailona i ka atria. A laila ʻūmiʻi ka atria.

2. Pūnaehana Atrioventricular (AV): A laila, hele ka hōʻailona i ka pūnaehana AV. Maanei, ua lohi iki ka hōʻailona. ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko āpau i loko o ka atria i ka manawa e neʻe ai i nā keʻena haʻahaʻa o ka puʻuwai.

3. Pūʻolo o His: Ma hope o ke kikowaena AV, hele ka hōʻailona ma kēia pūʻolo o His a i nā olonā Purkinje.

4. Nā pūnaewele (Ventricles - nā keʻena haʻahaʻa o ka puʻuwai) ma o nā olonā Purkinje:Ke loaʻa i nā pūnaewele kēia hōʻailona, ​​​​​​e ʻūlū lākou. ʻO ia ka manawa e pamu ʻia ai ke koko mai ka puʻuwai a ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.

Ke hui pū ʻia kēia mau ʻanuʻu, hoʻokahi ia ʻūmiʻi piha o ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai. Hoʻouna ka ʻōnaehana alakaʻi uila o kou puʻuwai i nā tausani o kēia mau hōʻailona i ka lā, e hoʻomau ana i kou puʻuwai e kuʻi me ka ʻole o ka hoʻōki. ʻAʻole anei he mea kupaianaha?

He aha nā ʻāpana nui o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoili cardiac?

Aia kekahi mau pūnaewele kūikawā a me nā kikowaena i loko o ka ʻōnaehana alakaʻi o kou puʻuwai e kaohi ana i kou puʻuwai. ʻO lākou kēia:

• ʻO ka piko sinoatrial (kikowaena SA)
• Node Atrioventricular (AV node)
• Pūʻolo o kāna (pūʻolo atrioventricular)
• Nā olonā Purkinje

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana me nā kikoʻī hou aku.

Node Sinoatrial (Sinoatrial - Node SA)

ʻO kou node sinoatrial (SA node) ka pacemaker maoli o ka puʻuwai. Ua like ia me ke 'luna' o ka puʻuwai. ʻO ia ka mea e hoʻouna i nā impulses uila e hoʻomaka ai ka puʻuwai e kuʻi. I kekahi manawa, inā ʻaʻole hana pono ka node SA, hana nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o ka ʻōnaehana conduction ma ke ʻano he mau cell pacemaker kōkua.

Aia ka piko SA ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka atrium ʻākau o ka puʻuwai. Ma kahi kikoʻī, kokoke i kahi e hui pū ai ka vena cava superior, kahi aa koko nui e lawe ana i ke koko nele i ka oxygen mai kou kino a i ka puʻuwai, me ka atrium.

Hoʻokele kāu ʻōnaehana nerve autonomic i ka wikiwiki a lohi paha o ka hoʻouna ʻana o ka node SA i nā hōʻailona uila. Hoʻokuʻu kēia ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana nerve i nā hormones e hoʻokele i ka helu o kou puʻuwai ma muli o kāu mea e hana nei. No ka laʻana, piʻi ka helu o kou puʻuwai ke hoʻoikaika kino ʻoe a emi iho ke hiamoe ʻoe.

ʻElua mau ʻāpana nui o ka ʻōnaehana nerve autonomic:

• ʻŌnaehana nerve aloha: Pili kēia me ka 'pane hakakā a lele paha'. Hoʻāla ia i ka node SA, e hoʻonui ana i ka helu o ka puʻuwai.
• ʻŌnaehana nerve parasympathetic: Pili kēia me ka 'hoʻomaha a me ka pane ʻana i ka ʻai'. Hoʻolohi ia i ka node SA a hoʻolohi i ka helu o ka puʻuwai.

Node Atrioventricular (AV node)

Aia kou kikowaena atrioventricular (AV node) ma kahi kokoke i waenakonu o kou puʻuwai. Hana ia i kēia ma ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i ka hōʻailona uila mai ka kikowaena SA node no kekahi manawa (he hapa o kekona) i kēlā me kēia manawa.

He mea nui loa kēia lohi no ka mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ua hala ke koko a pau i loko o nā keʻena o luna o ka puʻuwai (atria) i loko o nā keʻena o lalo (nā aʻa koko) ma mua o ko lākou pau ʻana o ka ʻaelike ʻana.

ʻO nā atria ka mea e loaʻa ke koko mai ke kino a hoʻouna aku i nā pūnaewele.

Pūʻolo o kāna (pūʻolo atrioventricular)

ʻO ka pūʻulu o His he pūʻulu o nā olonā (nā hunaola nerve) e hoʻomaka ana ma ka node AV. Loaʻa i kēia pūʻulu o nā olonā ka hōʻailona uila mai ka node AV a lawe iā ia i nā olonā Purkinje.

Holo ka pūʻulu lauoho ma ka paia (septum) e hoʻokaʻawale ana i kou ventricles ʻākau a me hema. ʻElua mau lālā nui o kēia pūʻulu lauoho:

• Lālā pūʻolo hema: Hoʻouna kēia i nā hōʻailona uila i ka ventricle hema ma o nā olonā Purkinje.
• Lālā pūʻolo ʻākau: Hoʻouna kēia i nā hōʻailona uila i ka ventricle ʻākau ma o nā olonā Purkinje.

Nā olonā Purkinje

ʻO nā olonā Purkinje kahi pūnaewele o nā hunaola nerve kūikawā e hoʻouna koke i nā hōʻailona uila i nā keʻena ʻākau a me hema o kou puʻuwai. Aia nā olonā Purkinje i loko o nā paia o kou ventricles, ka papa o loko o nā ʻiʻo e uhi ana i nā keʻena o kou puʻuwai.

Ke hoʻouna nā olonā Purkinje i nā hōʻailona uila i kāu mau cell, ʻuʻuku nā cell. A laila kahe ke koko mai ka ventricle ʻākau i loko o nā aʻa pulmonary a mai ka ventricle hema i loko o ka aorta. Lawe nā aʻa pulmonary i ke koko i nā māmā e kiʻi i ka oxygen. ʻO ka aorta ka aʻa nui loa i loko o kou kino, a lawe ia i ke koko mai ka puʻuwai a i ke koena o kou kino.

Pehea ke ʻano o kēia mau ʻāpana?

He mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa kēia. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka node `SA` he 15 millimeters ka lōʻihi (e like me ka nui o kahi pine stapler) a ma kahi o 4 millimeters ka laulā. ʻO ka node `AV` he 5 millimeters ka lōʻihi a me ka laulā (e like me ka piko o ke kuapo kukui). ʻO ka pūʻulu o His, kona mau lālā, a me nā olonā Purkinje i hui pū ʻia ua ʻōlelo ʻia e like me kahi lāʻau i luna. ʻO ka pūʻulu o His a me kona mau lālā e like me ke kumu o kahi lāʻau, a ʻo nā olonā Purkinje e like me nā lālā o kahi lāʻau.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke kū mai i loko o kēia ʻōnaehana?

Hiki i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōnaehana uila o kou puʻuwai. Hiki i nā pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana alakaʻi o ka puʻuwai ke hana i nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai .

Nā pilikia maʻamau o ka puʻuwai:

Eia kekahi mau kūlana maʻamau:

• Arrhythmia: He puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole. Hoʻokomo pū kēia me kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo atrial fibrillation (Afib).
• Poloka lālā pūʻolo: He poloka o nā olonā Purkinje ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka puʻuwai. Hiki i kēia ke hana i ka arrhythmia.
• Poloka puʻuwai: Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā hōʻailona uila ma waena o ka atria a me nā ventricles o ka puʻuwai.
• ʻO ka maʻi QT lōʻihi (LQTS): ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka puʻuwai e ʻūlū a hoʻi i ka maʻamau. I kekahi manawa hiki i kēia ke kumu i ka syncope a i ʻole ka hopu ʻana o ka puʻuwai.
• ʻO nā ʻūmiʻi ventricular mua: He kūlana kahi e kuʻi ai ka puʻuwai i ka wā mua loa. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā palpitations a i ʻole ka manaʻo o ka "naʻau i hala ʻole."
• Hoʻopau puʻuwai: He hoʻopau puʻuwai koke i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka puʻuwai paʻakikī. Hiki i kēia ke make inā ʻaʻole mālama koke ʻia. He kūlana weliweli loa kēia.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kahi pilikia?

Inā he pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele o kou puʻuwai, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me kēia:

• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana
• ʻEha umauma
• Puʻuwai wikiwiki a ʻano ʻole paha (palpitations)
• Pōʻino
• Pōʻino
• Hana paʻakikī

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, he mea nui loa e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

Hiki i ke kauka ke hana i kahi electrocardiogram (EKG) e nānā i ke ʻano o kou puʻuwai. Inā makemake lākou e nānā hou aku i ka hana uila o kou puʻuwai, e noi paha lākou iā ʻoe e kau i kahi mea nānā puʻuwai no kekahi mau lā a i ʻole mau pule. Hiki i kahi haʻawina electrophysiology ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike hohonu e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele o kou puʻuwai.

Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana uila o ka puʻuwai me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kau ʻana o kahi pacemaker .

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke mālama i ke olakino o kaʻu ʻōnaehana hoʻoili cardiac?

ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻololi i nā kumu hoʻoilina e hoʻoulu ai i nā pilikia he nui o ka puʻuwai. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i kou puʻuwai holoʻokoʻa ma ka hahai ʻana i nā ʻano olakino . Eia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana:

• E mālama i kahi kaumaha olakino e kūpono iā ʻoe.
• E hoʻōki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana paka a pale i ka uahi lua.
• E lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha a ke kauka.
• E hōʻemi i kou inu ʻana i nā mea inu ʻona a i ʻole nā ​​mea inu caffeine .
• E ʻai i nā meaʻai momona e like me nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, a me nā palaoa holoʻokoʻa.
• E hana kino no ka liʻiliʻi he 150 mau minuke i ka pule.
• E hoʻokele i ke kaumaha ma o nā ʻano olakino e like me ke kamaʻilio lapaʻau a i ʻole ka noʻonoʻo ʻana.

ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻōnaehana uila o kou puʻuwai a hiki i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe kahi pilikia me ke kuʻina o kou puʻuwai. Akā, ʻo kēia mau hōʻailona alakaʻi ka mea e hoʻokuʻi ai i kou puʻuwai a hoʻoneʻe i ke koko ma o ia mea. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kēia ʻōnaehana hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i nā pilikia kūpono a loaʻa ke kōkua.

Nā mea pōkole e hoʻomanaʻo ai

ʻAe, e nānā hou kākou i kekahi o nā mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo mai nā mea a kākou i kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā.

• ʻO ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele puʻuwai o kou puʻuwai he pūnaewele uila e kaohi ana i kou puʻuwai.
• Aia ia me nā ʻāpana nui i kapa ʻia ʻo ka node `SA`, ka node `AV`, ka pūʻulu o His, a me nā olonā Purkinje .
• Hiki i nā pilikia me kēia ʻōnaehana ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai (arrhythmias) .
• Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
• Ma ka hahai ʻana i kahi nohona olakino (ʻai maikaʻi, hoʻoikaika kino, haʻalele i ka puhipaka, a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha), hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i kou ʻōnaehana cardiovascular a me ka puʻuwai holoʻokoʻa.

No laila, e mālama pono i kou puʻuwai. He ʻōkana kupaianaha ia e hana luhi ʻole ana nou!

ʻŌnaehana hoʻokele puʻuwai, ʻōnaehana uila o ka puʻuwai, ka puʻuwai, ka node SA, ka node AV, ka arrhythmia, ka maʻi puʻuwai