Ko Mākou Maka: E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o kā mākou ʻike ʻana i ke ao nei a pehea e pale ai i ko mākou mau maka!

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai i kēia ao nani? Nā pua kala, nā ʻāina nani, nā helehelena o kāu poʻe aloha... Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau mea a pau iā kākou ma o ko kākou mau maka makamae, ʻeā? ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo kēia mau maka ʻelua he ʻelua o nā ʻōkana kupaianaha loa i loko o ko kākou kino. No laila, he aha kēia mau maka ʻelua? Pehea lākou e hana ai? E aʻo kākou e pili ana i kēia me ka maʻalahi, me he mea lā e kamaʻilio ana kākou me kahi hoaaloha.

Pehea ka hana ʻana o nā maka? He mea kupaianaha!

E noʻonoʻo e like me ʻelua mau kāmela akamai loa. Hoʻomaka nā mea a pau a mākou e ʻike ai me ka mālamalama mai waho. Komo kēia mālamalama i loko o ko mākou mau maka a hele ma waena o kekahi mau ʻāpana moakaka o ka maka. ʻO kēia mau ʻāpana ka cornea , ka wai hoʻonaninani , ka lens , a me ka vitreous humor . Hoʻopololei kēia mau ʻāpana i nā kukuna mālamalama a hoʻopili pono iā lākou.

Pono kēia kālele ʻana e pololei . A i ʻole, ʻike mākou i nā kiʻi blurry. Kōkua nā ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi i loko o kou maka i ka hoʻoneʻe iki ʻana i kou maka, i hiki ai i kēia kiko kālele, ke kiko kikowaena, ke hāʻule pololei ma ka retina .

Ke pā ka mālamalama i nā ʻāpana o kou retina, hoʻouna lākou i nā hōʻailona i kou lolo. Ua like kēia mau hōʻailona me nā leka i hoʻopili ʻia. Aia i loko o lākou nā kikoʻī āpau o ke kukui, me kona kala a me kona ikaika. A laila wehewehe kou lolo i kēia mau hōʻailona a hana i kiʻi nou. ʻAʻole anei he mea kupaianaha kēlā?

Manaʻo kekahi poʻe ua like nā huaʻōlelo "ʻike" a me "ʻike", akā aia kahi ʻokoʻa iki. ʻO "ʻike" ke ʻano o ka hana a kou mau maka. ʻO "ʻike" ke ʻano o ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa e hoʻomaka me nā maka a hoʻopau me ka lolo e wehewehe ana iā ia a hana i kahi kiʻi.

Kekahi mau ʻāpana kupanaha o ko mākou mau maka!

He mea paʻakikī loa ka maka kanaka. I mea e ʻike ai ʻoe, pono e hana pono kēia mau ʻāpana a pau. E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o lākou.

• Cornea : Ua like kēia me ka pale makani o kou maka. Mālama ia i loko o kou maka. Hoʻomaʻū ʻia a lubricated ʻia e kou mau waimaka . Kōkua pū ia i ke kulou ʻana i ka mālamalama e komo ana i kou maka.
• Sclera : ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o kou maka. Hāʻawi ia i ka maka i kona ʻano maʻamau a me kona ʻano.
• Conjunctiva : He membrane lahilahi loa kēia a moakaka hoʻi e uhi ana i ka sclera a me loko o kou maka.
• ʻAkeaka waiHe wai kēia. Ua piha ia me kahi keʻena mua i loko o ka maka. ʻO ke kaomi o kēia wai ka mea e pale ai i ka maka mai ka emi ʻana a mālama i kona ʻano.
• ʻIris : ʻO kēia kahi e hoʻoholo ʻia ai ke kala o kou mau maka. He ʻeleʻele ko kekahi poʻe, he uliuli ko kekahi, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ko kekahi, a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o ka ʻeleʻele, melemele, a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ( hazel ). Hoʻonui ʻia ka wahi ʻeleʻele ma waenakonu o ka maka, a i ʻole ka haumāna, e nā ʻiʻo i loaʻa ma ʻaneʻi.
• Haumāna : ʻO ka pōʻai ʻeleʻele ma waenakonu o ka iris. Ua like ia me ka puka makani. Hoʻomalu ia i ka nui o ka mālamalama e komo ana i ka maka. Liʻiliʻi ia i ka mālamalama ʻālohilohi a nui aʻe i ka pōʻeleʻele.
• Lens : ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻopili ai i ka mālamalama e komo ana i ka maka a kuhikuhi iā ia i ke kua o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka retina.
• ʻO Vitreous Humor : He wai moakaka kēia, e like me ka gel e hoʻopiha ana i ka hakahaka ma waena o ka lens a me ka retina. Kōkua ia i ka maka e mālama i kona ʻano. I kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he vitreous .
• Retina : He papa o nā pūnaewele ʻike mālamalama ma ke kua o ka maka. Maanei e hoʻololi ʻia ai ke kukui i mau hōʻailona uila. Hoʻohana ʻia nā koʻokoʻo e ʻike i ka mālamalama haʻahaʻa, a hoʻohana ʻia nā cone e ʻike i ke kala a ʻike maopopo.
• Macula : He wahi liʻiliʻi akā koʻikoʻi loa i loko o ka retina. ʻO ia ke kuleana no ke kikowaena o kou ʻike. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ia ke kuleana no ka ʻike maopopo ʻana i nā mea, a no ka ʻike ʻana i nā kala a me nā kikoʻī maikaʻi.
• ʻO ke aʻalolo maka : ʻO ke aʻalolo nui e hoʻopili ai i ka retina i ka lolo. Ua like ia me ke kaula ʻikepili. Lawe ia i nā hōʻailona mai nā maka i ka lolo. Hoʻopili ʻia ia i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka lolo.
• Nā ʻiʻo o waho : Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka maka i mua a i mua a mālama iā ia ma kahi hoʻokahi. Kōkua pū lākou i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kiko o ka maka i ka nānā ʻana i nā mea kokoke a mamao paha.

ʻO kekahi mau maʻi maʻamau e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ko mākou mau maka

He ʻano ʻokoʻa ko ko kākou mau maka - nā ʻiʻo, nā ʻiʻo hoʻohui, nā aʻalolo, nā kīʻaha koko, a pēlā aku. No laila, loaʻa pū nā maʻi maka i nā ʻano like ʻole, ma muli o ka ʻāpana i hoʻopilikia ʻia. E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā kūlana maʻamau.

• Nā hewa refractive : ʻO kēia nā pilikia ʻike maʻamau i loaʻa i nā kānaka he nui. I ka pōkole, loaʻa lākou ke kau pono ʻole ʻia ka mālamalama ma ka retina. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka ʻike kokoke (Myopia) ke kumu o ka ʻike maopopo ʻana o nā mea akā ʻike ʻia nā mea mamao he blurry.Nā mea e like me ka ʻike maka mamao (Hyperopia) , kahi e ʻike maopopo ʻia ai nā mea mamao akā ua pōwehiwehi nā mea kokoke, a i ʻole ka astigmatism, kahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia ai ka ʻike.
• Nā maʻi Corneal : Nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ana i ka cornea, ka ʻāpana moakaka o ka maka. Hiki i kēia ke hānau ʻia a ulu paha ma hope o ke ola.
• Nā Maʻi Retinal : Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau mea e nā pilikia e pili pono ana i ka retina. A i ʻole he hopena ʻaoʻao paha ia o kahi maʻi ʻē aʻe. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus ke hōʻino i ka retina i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. ʻO ka retinal detachment kekahi maʻi koʻikoʻi.
• Nā Kūlana o ke Aʻalolo Optic : Nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i kēia aʻalolo koʻikoʻi e hoʻopili ai i ka maka i ka lolo. ʻO nā laʻana e komo pū me ka Optic Neuritis ( ka mumū o ke aʻalolo optic) a me ka Optic Atrophy (ka nalowale ʻana o ke aʻalolo optic).
• Nā maʻi maka e pili ana i ka makahiki : ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o kēia mau maʻi maka i ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana, ʻoiai ma hope o 65 mau makahiki. He liʻiliʻi kekahi, e like me ka presbyopia . Akā ʻo kekahi, e like me ka cataracts , ka macular degeneration e pili ana i ka makahiki, a i ʻole glaucoma, he mau kūlana koʻikoʻi e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale mau loa o ka ʻike.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā maka e nā mea e like me nā maʻi, nā ʻeha, ke kanesa, a me nā kīnā hānau.

Nā pilikia maka? E makaʻala i kēia mau hōʻailona!

Inā he pilikia me ko kākou mau maka, hiki ke ʻokoʻa loa ke ʻano o ko kākou manaʻo, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hōʻailona. ʻO ke kumu o kēia, he nui nā ʻāpana e hoʻopilikia i ko kākou ʻike. E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā hōʻailona maʻamau.

Nā pilikia i ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka maka:

• Ka maneʻo, ka ʻeha, a me ke kuni ʻana o nā maka.
• ʻUlaʻula o nā maka.
• Ke kahe mau nei nā waimaka, me ka pulu o nā maka.
• Ka kahe ʻana o kahi wai a mea like me ka pehu mai ka maka mai.

Nā loli i ke ʻano a i ʻole ke kūlana o ka maka:

• Ka loli ʻana o ke kala o ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo o ka maka (sclera) (e.g. polū, melemele).
• ʻO kahi loli i ke ʻano o ka iris a i ʻole ka haumāna (e.g., leukocoria - ke ʻano keʻokeʻo o ka iris, coloboma - ka nalowale ʻana o kahi ʻāpana o ka iris).
• ʻO Strabismus ka wā ʻaʻole i kūlike nā maka, e huli ana kekahi i loko ( Esotropia) , i waho ( Exotropia ), i luna (Hypertropia) , a i lalo paha ( Hypotropia ). Ua kapa ʻia kēia he strabismus .

Nā loli i ka hana ʻike maka:

ʻO kēia nā hōʻailona a mākou e ʻike koke ai.

• ʻIke ʻole i ka maopopo, ʻike pōwehiwehi: Hiki paha kēia ma muli o nā pilikia ʻike.
• Nā pilikia ʻike kikoʻī : Makapō pō , Makapō kala .
• Ka emi ʻana a nalowale paha o ka ʻike maka : Ka nalowale koke ʻana o ka ʻike maka, a i ʻole ka nalowale mālie ʻana o ka ʻike maka e alakaʻi ai i ka makapō.
• Nā haunaele o ka ʻike : ʻIke pālua , ʻike ʻana i nā kukui ʻālohilohi ( Auras ) i mua o nā maka (e like me, e like me nā migraines ocular ).
• Photophobia / Photosensitivity : ʻEha nā maka i ka nānā ʻana i ke kukui ʻālohilohi, e hopena ana i ka makemake i nā wahi pouli.

He mea nui loa ka pilina ma waena o nā maka a me ka lolo!

He mea nui loa kēia e ʻike. I kekahi manawa, ʻoiai ke loaʻa nei nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maka, ʻaʻole ka pilikia i ka maka ponoʻī. Hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ʻia ma muli o kahi maʻi ma kahi ʻē aʻe o ko kākou kino. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka jaundice ke kumu o ka melemele o nā maka.

Ua lohe mākou "ʻo nā maka ka puka makani i ka ʻuhane." Ma ke ʻano lapaʻau, ua like nā maka me ka puka makani i ko mākou lolo. No ka mea, hiki i kekahi mau hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia i loko o nā maka ke hōʻike i nā pilikia i loko o ka lolo. ʻO kou aʻalolo optic ka pilina pololei ma waena o ka maka a me ka lolo. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kou retina he ʻāpana ia o kāu Central Nervous System , ʻo ia kekahi ʻāpana o ka lolo a me ke kaula spinal. ʻO ia ke kumu he hōʻailona nui nā loli o ka ʻike i nā hihia o nā ʻeha o ka lolo (concussions) a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi e like me ka stroke .

Pehea ke olakino o kou mau maka? Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike me kēia mau hoʻokolohua!

Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua a nā kauka e hana ai e nānā i ke olakino o kou mau maka. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau mea.

• ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka hoʻokolokolo maka maʻamau . Inā pono ʻoe i nā aniani a i ʻole, he manaʻo maikaʻi e hoʻokolokolo maka i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki a i ʻole i kēlā me kēia ʻelua makahiki. Hiki i kēia ke ʻike i nā maʻi maka he nui ma mua o kou loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻailona. He mea nui loa ka hana ʻana i kēia mau hoʻokolohua inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka maʻi diabetes.
• Hoʻāʻo makapō kala .
• Nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi maʻamau, e like me ke kiʻi ultrasound a i ʻole ka magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) .
• Nā hoʻāʻo Glaucoma .
• Hoʻāʻo kaomi intraocular.
• Nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi retina .
• Hoʻokolokolo kukui ʻoki : ʻAe kēia i ka ophthalmologist e hoʻonui i nā ʻano palupalu i loko o ka maka.
• Hoʻāʻo ʻike maka: Ka heluhelu ʻana i nā leka a me ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻike maka.
• Nā hoʻāʻo kahua ʻike : E nānā i ka mamao e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kou wahi a puni.

Ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona a me nā kumu i manaʻo ʻia, hiki i kāu kauka maka ke ʻōlelo aku i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe. ʻO ia ke kanaka maikaʻi loa e ʻike e pili ana i kēia mau mea.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi maka?

Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā maʻi maka. Loaʻa i kekahi mau pilikia liʻiliʻi nā lapaʻau maʻalahi. Pono kekahi i nā lapaʻau paʻakikī. ʻAʻohe mea e hopohopo ai, aia i kēia manawa nā lapaʻau maikaʻi no ka hapa nui o nā mea.

• Hoʻoponopono ʻike : ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau nui no nā pilikia ʻike. ʻO nā aniani maka a me nā aniani hoʻopili ka mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia. Pono kekahi poʻe i nā aniani kauka a i ʻole nā ​​​​aniani hoʻopili. Hoʻohana wale paha kekahi poʻe i nā aniani heluhelu. Hiki i kekahi ke koho e hana i ke ʻoki hoʻoponopono ʻike .
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau : Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā maʻi he nui e hoʻopilikia pololei a ʻaʻole pololei paha i nā maka me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i kēia ke ʻano o nā kulu maka a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea ʻaila, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau waha a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​inikini. Aia ia i ka maʻi.
• ʻOki kino : Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā maʻi maka he nui me ke ʻoki kino. No ka laʻana, aia nā ʻano hana like ʻole e like me ka phacoemulsification (kahi e hoʻohana ana i ka ultrasound e wāwahi i ka mea keʻokeʻo o ka maka), cryotherapy (kahi e hoʻohana ana i ke anu nui) , radiofrequency ablation (kahi e hoʻohana ana i ka wela nui) , a me ke ʻoki kino laser .

Aia paha kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i loaʻa. E wehewehe kāu kauka maka iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa no kou kūlana.

Pehea lā e hiki ai iā kākou ke mālama i ko kākou mau maka makamae i ke olakino?

Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā kākou ke hana e mālama i ko kākou mau maka i ke olakino. He mea maʻalahi loa ia, akā he mea nui loa.

• E hoʻāʻo maka maʻamau : He mea nui i nā kānaka a pau, inā paha e ʻaʻahu ana lākou i nā aniani maka a i ʻole, e hoʻāʻo maka i kēlā me kēia makahiki a ʻelua paha. Inā he nui kou pilikia no ka maʻi maka, pono paha ʻoe e nānā pinepine ʻia kou mau maka. E aʻo aku kāu kauka maka iā ʻoe ma kēia.
• E pale i kou mau maka : E ʻaʻahu i nā aniani palekana a i ʻole nā ​​goggles i ka wā e hana ana ma kahi hana, me nā kemika, me nā mīkini, a i ʻole e pāʻani ana i nā haʻuki. Me he mea lā he pilikia, akā hiki iā ia ke hoʻopakele iā ʻoe mai ka hōʻino nui ʻana o ka maka a me ka ʻeha.
• E haʻalele i ka puhipaka, a i ʻole mai hoʻomaka : NikotineHiki i nā huahana paka (nā sikaleka, vaping, nau paka) ke hōʻino i kāu ʻōnaehana kahe koko i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ʻoiai nā kīʻaha koko palupalu i kou mau maka. Inā makemake ʻoe i ke kōkua e haʻalele, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.
• E hoʻonohonoho i nā meaʻai momona : E kiʻi i nā huaora, nā minelala, a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe e pono ai no ke olakino o ka maka. E hoʻokomo i nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā huaʻai, a me ka iʻa i kāu papaʻai.
• E mālama i kahi kaumaha olakino e kūpono iā ʻoe : Hoʻopilikia pū ke kaumaha o kou kino a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa i ke olakino o kou mau maka.
• Mai hoʻowahāwahā i nā hōʻailona maka : ʻO ka loli o kou ʻike, a i ʻole kekahi hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia i kou mau maka, ʻo ia paha ka hōʻailona mua o kahi pilikia nui aʻe. E hōʻoia e ʻike i kahi kauka maka a i ʻole kekahi loea olakino ʻē aʻe a kūkākūkā i kou mau hopohopo. He maikaʻi inā ʻaʻohe pilikia, akā inā he, pono e ʻike ma mua o ka lilo ʻana i mea ʻino.

I nā manawa e like me kēia, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau!

Aia kekahi mau manawa e pono ai ʻoe e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā loaʻa kekahi mea i kou mau maka. E makaʻala i kēia mau mea, no ka mea, he mau pilikia paha ia:

• Ka nalowale koke ʻana o ka ʻike, hapa a piha paha, a i ʻole ka emi nui ʻana o ka ʻike ma kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​maka ʻelua.
• Inā ua paʻa kekahi mea i loko o kou maka, a inā paha e like me he mea lā he mea i loko o kou maka akā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi mea.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi kuni a puni kou mau maka a i loko paha o kou mau maka (ʻoiai inā he kuni liʻiliʻi ia).
• Inā ʻulaʻula ka maka, pehu, palapū, a kahe paha ke koko ma muli o kekahi ʻeha.
• Inā he pehu i loko o ka lua iwi a puni ka maka.
• Inā ʻoi aku ka puka ʻana o nā maka ma mua o ka maʻamau.
• Inā lilo koke kou ʻike i mea pōwehiwehi a like me ka noe.
• Inā he mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe kāu o ka maʻi, e like me ka luaʻi ʻana, ke anu, a me ke kuni, me nā pilikia maka.
• Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā kukui uila i mua o kou mau maka, inā loaʻa koke iā ʻoe nā mea lana hou aʻe, a inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi pale ʻeleʻele e hāʻule ana i mua o kou mau maka (he mau hōʻailona paha kēia o ka retinal detachment ).
• Inā ʻike ʻia kou ʻike me he mea lā he hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻāpana kala like ʻole ( ʻike Kaleidoscope ).
• Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohuli i kou mau maka i hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao e like me kāu hana maʻamau.
• Inā lilo koke kou ʻike e like me ka ʻike tunnel (ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike a puni ʻoe, pololei wale i mua).
• Ka hoʻopilikia a nalowale paha o ka ʻike waena (me nā loli a i ʻole ka ʻole o ka ʻike peripheral).

ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole ia ma kēia papa inoa, inā manaʻo ʻoe he maʻi maka koʻikoʻi kou, e ʻike koke i ke kauka. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e pale ai i kou ʻike a hiki paha ke hoʻopakele i kou ola.

He aha nā pilikia maka maʻamau?

Ma waho aʻe o nā kūlana manawa pōkole (e like me nā maʻi maka, nā ʻōpala), ʻo nā pilikia maka maʻamau:

• Nā hewa refractive .
• Nā cataracts e pili ana i ka makahiki.
• ʻO ka degeneration macular e pili ana i ka makahiki .
• Nā maʻi Retinal (ʻoi aku ka retinopathy diabetic i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi diabetes).
• Glaucoma .
• Maʻi maka maloʻo .

ʻO ka mea hope loa, eia kekahi mau mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻoe ...

No laila, mai nā mea a kākou i kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i ke koʻikoʻi o ko kākou mau maka, a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka pale ʻana iā lākou. Ua like ko kākou mau maka me ka puka makani i ko kākou lolo kahi a kākou e ʻike ai i ke ao nei. ʻAʻole paha kākou e ʻike i ko lākou waiwai a hiki i ka wā e hana pono ai lākou. Akā, aia wale nō i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā kākou kahi pilikia liʻiliʻi, a laila kākou e ʻike ai i ko lākou waiwai.

Inā he kānalua a hopohopo paha kāu e pili ana i kou ʻike maka, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou. Mai hoʻokuʻu iā lākou me he mea liʻiliʻi lā. E ʻike koke i ke kauka maka. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke pale wale i kou ʻike maka makamae, hiki nō hoʻi iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i kahi maʻi ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi i ka wā mua.

E mālama pono i kou mau maka!

Nā maka, ʻike maka, nā maʻi maka, ka nānā ʻana i nā maka, ke olakino maka, nā pilikia ʻike maka, ka mālama maka