He aha kēia ʻūpā myelin e hoʻopuni ana i ko kākou mau hunaola nerve? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ia mea me nā kikoʻī!

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ka wikiwiki a me ke akamai o nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hunaola nerve? ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ko kākou kino holoʻokoʻa, mai ke ʻano o ko kākou noʻonoʻo ʻana a hiki i ke ʻano o ko kākou neʻe ʻana i ko kākou mau lima a me nā wāwae, ua hoʻomalu ʻia e kēia ʻōnaehana nerve. No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio ana kākou e pili ana i kahi mea nui loa e kōkua ai i kēia mau hunaola nerve e hana pono. ʻO ia ka Myelin Sheath .

He aha ka Myelin Sheath? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou!

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka ʻupena myelin kahi uhi pale e hoʻopuni ana i kēlā me kēia o kā mākou mau hunaola nerve (a mākou e kapa nei he `(Neuron)`). Ua like ia me kahi mīkina lima liʻiliʻi. Hana ʻia ia me nā momona (ʻo ia hoʻi `(Lipids)`) a me nā protein. Uhi kēia uhi i ka ʻāpana "kumu" nui o ka hunaola nerve, i kapa ʻia ʻo axon . E noʻonoʻo iā ia e like me kahi uea uila i loko o ko mākou mau home. Loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻupena plastik a puni nā uea keleawe. Pēlā kēia ʻupena myelin e pale ai i nā hunaola nerve a kōkua iā lākou e hana pono.

He aha nā ʻāpana o kahi neuron? Ua like ia me kahi lāʻau!

Ma mua o ko mākou kamaʻilio hou ʻana e pili ana i ka ʻupena myelin, e hoʻomaopopo kākou i ke ʻano o kahi cell nerve a me kona mau ʻāpana. Hana nā cell nerve i kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve . Ua like kēia ʻōnaehana nerve me ke kikowaena hoʻololi ʻike nui i loko o ko mākou kino. Loaʻa iā ia ka ʻike mai nā wahi a puni o ke kino, pane iā ia, a hoʻololi i nā mea e hana nei i loko a ma waho o ke kino. Ke noʻonoʻo mākou i kahi cell nerve, he ʻekolu mau ʻāpana nui. E noʻonoʻo he like kahi cell nerve me kahi lāʻau : 1. Soma a i ʻole Cell Body: Ua like kēia me ke aʻa o kahi lāʻau. ʻO nā dendrites , e like me nā aʻa o ka soma, e omo i nā "meaʻai" mai ka lepo. Akā ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo "nā meaʻai" he mau leka kemika e hele mai ana mai nā cell nerve ʻē aʻe kokoke. A laila hoʻololi ʻia kēia mau leka i mau impulses uila. Aia pū ka nucleus o ke kelepona i loko o kēia soma. 2. Axon: Ua like kēia me ke kumu lōʻihi o kahi lāʻau. E like me ka omo ʻana o nā meaʻai mai nā aʻa o kahi lāʻau i luna o ke kumu, lawe pū ka axon i nā impulses uila e hele mai ana mai ka soma ma ia. 3. ʻO ke kikowaena Axon: Ua like kēia me nā ʻōpuʻu ma nā wēlau o nā lālā o kahi lāʻau. Puka mai nā lau a me ka pollen mai kēia mau ʻōpuʻu. Ma kēia ʻano, ua "hoʻokuʻu ʻia" nā impulses uila mai kēia kikowaena axon i hiki ke kiʻi ʻia e ke kelepona nerve aʻe. Hoʻomau kēia kaʻina hana a hiki i ka hōʻea ʻana o ka leka i kou lolo, ke kaula spinal , a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino. ʻO ka hopena, he mau mea e like me nā ʻiʻo e ʻaelike e hoʻoneʻe i kou lima, kōkua iā ʻoe e hanu, a i ʻole e kuʻi kou puʻuwai. I kēia manawa, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi manaʻo iki e pili ana i ke ʻano kumu o kahi kelepona nerve.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i ka ʻōpū Myelin?

ʻEkolu mau hana nui o ka ʻupena myelin:

• Ke hāʻawi nei i ka palekana: E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, hāʻawi kēia uhi lipid-protein i ka insulation pale no ke kelepona nerve , e like me ka ʻupena plastik a puni nā uea o kahi uwea uila.
• Kamaʻilio wikiwiki: ʻO kēia ke kumu e holo wikiwiki ai nā impulses uila mai kekahi nerve cell a i kekahi me ka wikiwiki a me ka pono . Me ka ʻole o ka myelin, e lohi loa kēia huakaʻi.
• Ka mālama ʻana i ka ikaika o ka impulse: Kōkua kēia ʻūpā myelin i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikaika o ka leka i kona hele ʻana ma ke axon.

Hana ʻia ʻo Myelin e nā pūnaewele i kapa ʻia ʻo oligodendrocytes i loko o ko kākou lolo a me ke kaula kuamoʻo (ka mea a kākou e kapa nei ʻo ka Central Nervous System (CNS) . Pēlā nō, hana ʻia ka myelin e nā pūnaewele Schwann i loko o kā kākou Peripheral Nervous System (ka pūnaewele o nā aʻalolo ma waho o ka ʻōnaehana aʻalolo waena, i hohola ʻia ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa). ʻO kēia mau aʻalolo peripheral ka mea e hoʻouna i nā leka ma waena o ka ʻōnaehana aʻalolo waena a me ke koena o ke kino.

He aha ka inoa o nā hakahaka i loko o ka ʻupena myelin?

Mai noʻonoʻo i ka ʻupena myelin he uhi mānoanoa a mau. ʻAʻole, ua like ia me kahi kaʻaahi lōʻihi o nā pahu. Ma kahi e pau ai kekahi pahu a hoʻomaka ka pahu aʻe, aia kahi hakahaka liʻiliʻi. Pēlā nō, ua hana ʻia ka ʻupena myelin me kahi moʻo o nā kaula myelin i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kekahi i kekahi. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā me kēia o kēia mau kaula myelin he internode . Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau hakahaka liʻiliʻi ma waena o ʻelua mau kaula myelin he mau kikowaena o Ranvier . Loaʻa i kēia mau kikowaena o Ranvier kahi nui o nā ion sodium maikaʻi. Ke hele kahi hōʻailona uila, a i ʻole ka impulse, ma ke axon, lele ia mai kekahi kikowaena o Ranvier a i kekahi. Ke hele ia ma kēia hakahaka, hoʻouka hou nā ion sodium i ka hōʻailona uila. A laila hiki i ka hōʻailona ke hoʻomau i ka hele ʻana me ka ʻole o ka nalowale ʻana o kona uku a i ʻole ka nalowale ʻana o kona ikaika. He ʻano hana kupaianaha loa ia, ʻeā?

He aha ka mea e hana inā ua hōʻino ʻia ka ʻūpā myelin?

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia aia ma kahi o 100 biliona mau hunaola aʻalolo i loko o ko kākou kino. Hana mau kēia mau mea a pau, e hoʻouna ana a e loaʻa ana nā leka, e kaohi ana i kēlā me kēia hana i loko o ko kākou kino. E noʻonoʻo i ka mea e hana ʻia inā ua hōʻino ʻia ka ʻūpā myelin a puni kēia mau hunaola aʻalolo. A laila e lohi ka wikiwiki o ka hōʻailona uila, a i ʻole e oki loa. ʻO kekahi o nā kumu nui no ka hōʻino ʻana i ka myelin ʻo ia ka ʻōnaehana pale i loko o ko kākou kino.Manaʻo kuhihewa nā pūnaewele he mea ʻē ka myelin mai waho. A laila hoʻomaka kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻouka i ka myelin. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hana ʻana o nā mea mumū, ka mea e hōʻino ai i ka myelin. I ka hopena, make pū nā pūnaewele e hana ana i ka myelin (oligodendrocytes a me nā pūnaewele Schwann). ʻO kēia luku ʻia ʻana o ka ʻūpā myelin ua kapa ʻia ʻo demyelination . Ma muli o kahi i hoʻouka ʻia ai ka myelin, e ʻokoʻa kāu mau hōʻailona.

He aha nā maʻi e hōʻino ai i ka myelin?

Aia kekahi mau maʻi e hōʻino ana i ka myelin. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau maʻi.

Nā maʻi e pili ana i ka myelin i loko o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena (CNS):

ʻO ka maʻi maʻamau i lohe ʻia e ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, ka mea e hoʻouka ai i ka myelin o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka lolo a me ke kaula spinal), ʻo ia ka sclerosis maha . Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau maʻi ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia i ka myelin o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena:

• ʻO ka Encephalomyelitis Hoʻolaha ʻAkika: He hopena palekana koʻikoʻi, kakaikahi kēia e kū mai ana i loko o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena.
• ʻO ka Sclerosis o Schilder: ʻIke ʻia hoʻi ʻo "Diffuse Myelinoclastic Sclerosis", he maʻi neurodegenerative kakaikahi kēia e kū mai ana i nā keiki.
• ʻO ka Myelitis Transverse: He maʻi autoimmune kēia e hoʻoulu ai i ka mumū o ke kaula spinal.
• Neuromyelitis Optica: Ma kēia, hoʻouka ka ʻōnaehana pale i nā aʻalolo o ka maka a me ke kaula spinal ma o nā antibodies .
• ʻO ka neuritis optic: Pili pū kēia i ka mumū o ke aʻalolo optic.
• ʻO ka Tumefactive Demyelination : He ʻeha hoʻokahi kēia e hōʻino ana i ka myelin i ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 kenimika.

Nā maʻi e pili ana i ka myelin i loko o ka ʻōnaehana nerve peripheral:

• ʻO Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona ma hope o kahi maʻi a i ʻole, kākaʻikahi loa, ma hope o kahi lāʻau pale.
• ʻO ka Polyradiculoneuropathy Demyelinating mumū mau loa ( CIDP ): He maʻi autoimmune holomua kēia e hoʻouka ana i ka myelin.
• ʻO ka Paraproteinemic Demyelinating Neuropathy: He ʻano neuropathy kēia e pili ana me ke alo o kahi antibody i pili i ka maʻi kanesa.
• ʻO ka maʻi niho ʻo Charcot Marie ʻano 1 a me ke ʻano X: He maʻi neurological hoʻoilina kēia.
• Ka hemahema o ke keleawe: Ke haʻahaʻa nā pae keleawe, nalowale ka myelin i kona mau waiwai pale a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hōʻino ʻia.

He aha nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e hōʻino ai i ka myelin?

Aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke hōʻino a luku ʻia paha ka ʻupena myelin i nā pākeke:

• Hahau
• Nā maʻi ʻaʻai, nā maʻi pale a me nā maʻi Metabolic (`(Metabolic Disorders)`)
• Nā ʻano mea ʻawahia
• Ka nele o ka wikamina B12
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, no ka laʻana `(Ethambutol)`
• Ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka waiʻona

Eia kekahi, i loko o kekahi mau maʻi hoʻoilina kakaikahi loa, ʻaʻole hana pono ka ʻupena myelin. ʻO nā laʻana e komo pū me ka maʻi Tay-Sachs , ka maʻi Gaucher , ka maʻi Hurler, a me ka maʻi Niemann-Pick .

E noʻonoʻo i ka nui o ka pilikia o nā hana o ko kākou kino inā e ālai ʻia kēia mau ala wikiwiki e lawe ana i nā leka i loko o ko kākou kino, e like me ke paʻa ʻana i ke kaʻa. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui ke olakino o ka ʻupena myelin.

Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ka pōʻino i ka myelin?

ʻO kēia ka nīnau a ka poʻe he nui. ʻAe, hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ka myelin i hōʻino ʻia , ma ke kikowaena o ka ʻōnaehana nerve a ma ke kikowaena o ka ʻōnaehana nerve. Akā he mea nui e kāohi i nā mea e hoʻopilikia ai i ka myelin breakdown, e like me ka mumū, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka immune suppression/modulation (no ka laʻana , steroids , intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) , a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe). Ua holomua nui nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ala hiki ke hoʻolaha i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka myelin. ʻOiai aia kekahi mau haʻawina hoʻohiki, ʻaʻole maopopo i ka nui o ka pōmaikaʻi i loaʻa iā lākou no nā maʻi. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka myelin i kēia manawa. Eia kekahi mau laʻana mai nā haʻawina:

• Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau liʻiliʻi Phase II he mau waiwai hoʻoponopono myelin ko ka antihistamine waha clemastine. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo Clemastine i ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā hōʻailona uila i nā maʻi sclerosis lehulehu me ka hōʻino ʻana o ke aʻalolo optic. Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi hoʻokolohua kanaka mua ua kōkua ka hui pū ʻana o ka lāʻau diabetes metformin a me clemastine i ka hana hou ʻana i ka myelin.
• Nā Kelepona KumuMa ke ālai ʻana i kahi mole i loko o nā pūnaewele oligodendrocyte, ka mea e hana ai i ka myelin i loko o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena (ʻo ia nā "poloka kūkulu" o nā ʻano cell āpau), ua hiki i nā ʻiole me nā hōʻailona like me ka sclerosis ke hoʻoponopono i kā lākou myelin a hoʻōla i kekahi ʻano.
• Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i ka hiki i nā pūnaewele kumu ke hoʻoponopono i ka pōʻino myelin a hoʻolohi i ka holomua o ka maʻi.
• Hōʻike nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻohiki i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve mai ka hōʻino hou aʻe. Ua hōʻemi nui ka lāʻau anti-inflammatory ibudilast i ka nui o ka make ʻana o nā cell lolo (atrophy) i kahi hoʻokolohua Phase II. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau epilepsy phenytoin he palekana, e hōʻemi ana i ka hōʻino myelin ma 30% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi placebo. Hiki i ka antioxidant lipoic acid ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻino hou ʻana i nā fibers nerve.

Leka Lawe-Home

No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia manawa i ke koʻikoʻi o kēia ʻupena myelin i ka hana olakino o kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve. He mea nui ka Myelin no ka hana kūpono o kēia mau piliona o nā hunaola nerve e kamaʻilio pū ana me kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ko mākou kino a kāohi i nā mea āpau.

• ʻO ka Myelin kahi ʻūpā pale i hana ʻia me nā momona a me nā protein e hoʻopuni ana i nā pūnaewele nerve.
• Kōkua ia i nā impulses aʻalolo e hele wikiwiki a me ka pono.
• ʻO ka hōʻino ʻana i ka myelin hiki ke alakaʻi i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ka sclerosis maha.
• Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i nā ʻano hana no ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā maʻi e hōʻino ai i ka myelin.

Hiki i nā maʻi a me nā kūlana he nui ke hoʻouka i ka myelin. ʻO ka sclerosis multiple ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia o kēia mau mea. Akā ʻo ka nūhou maikaʻi, ke ʻimi mau nei nā mea noiʻi i nā ala e pale ai, hoʻoponopono, a hana hou i ka myelin. A ke holomua nei lākou i ka hana ʻana pēlā. No laila, aia ka manaʻolana!

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Myelin, ʻūpā myelin, nā hunaola aʻalolo, nā neuron, ʻōnaehana aʻalolo, ʻōnaehana aʻalolo waena, ʻōnaehana aʻalolo peripheral, demyelination, sclerosis lehulehu