Makemake pū ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i kēia maʻi ʻaʻai koko? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka Acute Monocytic Leukemia (AMoL)!

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka Acute Monocytic Leukemia, a i ʻole AMoL? He mea ʻē paha ke kani ʻana o ka inoa, akā he ʻano maʻi kanesa ia e hoʻopilikia ai i ke koko. E noʻonoʻo inā hewa kekahi mea i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hana koko o ko mākou kino, a ma kahi o nā hunaola koko olakino, ua hoʻomaka nā hunaola kanesa e hana? ʻO ia ka mea e hana ʻia. ʻOiai he moʻolelo koʻikoʻi kēia, e kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana, ma ke ʻano hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

He aha kēia mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Acute Monocytic Leukemia?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo Acute Monocytic Leukemia (AMoL) kahi ʻano maʻi kanesa e pili ana i ka hui leukemia i kapa ʻia ʻo Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Ua ʻike ʻoe he maʻi kanesa koko ka leukemia. No laila, he maʻi kanesa koko nō hoʻi kēia AMoL. Hana ʻia ia i ka wā e loaʻa ai kahi kīnā i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā hunaola koko i loko o ko mākou kino. I mea e pololei ai, ʻo nā hunaola ʻōpiopio e pono e lilo i mau hunaola koko olakino, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hunaola i kapa ʻia ʻo blasts , e loli a lilo i mau hunaola kanesa.

I loko o AMoL, ua hoʻōki ʻia kēia mau pūnaewele ʻōpiopio, a i ʻole nā ​​pahū, i ko lākou ala i ka wā e ulu ai lākou i loko o kahi ʻano o nā keena koko keʻokeʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo monocytes . Eia naʻe, ma kahi o ka lilo ʻana i mau monocytes olakino, ua paʻa lākou ma ke kahua ʻōpiopio, a i ʻole ka pahū, a lilo i mau keena kanesa.

He maʻi kanesa koʻikoʻi loa ka leukemia monocytic acute a laha wikiwiki hoʻi . E kōkua kāu kauka iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no kou kūlana. Mai hopohopo, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī hou aku.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano o kēia?

ʻAe, ua hoʻokaʻawale ka World Health Organization (WHO) iā AMoL ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kelepona e lilo i maʻi kanesa (ʻo ia hoʻi, nā monocytes). Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo AML-M5 e like me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokaʻawale Farani-ʻAmelika-Pelekania (FAB) kahiko. Ma lalo o kēia ʻōnaehana, ua māhele hou ʻia ʻo AML-M5 i ʻelua mau māhele:

ʻO ka maʻi leukemia monoblastic koʻikoʻi (AML-M5a)

I kēia ʻano, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 80% o nā ʻāpana e lilo i maʻi kanesa ma mua o ko lākou ulu piha ʻana. ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano i nā keiki ʻōpio a me nā mākua ʻōpio .

ʻO ka maʻi leukemia monocytic koʻikoʻi (AML-M5b)

I loko o kēia, lilo nā pūnaewele ʻano ʻē loa i maʻi kanesa i kahi pae holomua iki o ka ulu ʻana o nā pūnaewele. ʻAʻole pili kēia ʻano i kahi hui makahiki kikoʻī .

Kōkua kēia mau hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kauka e ʻike i ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o kekahi ʻano ma mua o kekahi. ʻO nā kūlana ʻelua e pono ai ka pae like o ka nānā ʻana.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia?

Hoʻomaka pinepine nā hōʻailona o AMoL a holomua koke . Eia kekahi o nā hōʻailona:

• ʻO ka ʻeha maʻalahi a me ke kahe kokoʻO ka hanana (kahe ʻana o nā ʻāʻī, ke kahe pinepine ʻana o ka ihu, a pēlā aku) E noʻonoʻo e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi palapū nui ʻoiai inā ʻoe e kuʻi wale i kekahi wahi, a i ʻole e kahe nui ana kou mau ʻāʻī i ka wā e palaki ai ʻoe i kou mau niho.
• Nā kiko liʻiliʻi, poni, ʻulaʻula, a ʻeleʻele paha ma lalo o ka ʻili ( petechiae ). Hiki ke like kēia me nā pimples liʻiliʻi, akā he mau kiko koko maoli nō ia e kahe ana ma lalo o ka ʻili.
• Ka pehu ʻana o nā ʻāʻī a i ʻole ka ulu nui ʻana o nā ʻiʻo ʻāʻī.
• Ka nāwaliwali a me ka luhi loa . Manaʻo wale nō me he mea lā ʻaʻohe ou ikaika. Manaʻo luhi ʻoiai ke ala ʻoe i ke kakahiaka.
• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.
• ʻAʻohe ʻono o ka meaʻai.
• ʻO ka hōʻemi kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole . Inā ʻoe e hōʻemi ana i ke kaumaha me ka ʻole o ka ʻai ʻana, he mea ia e makaʻala ai.
• ʻIli keʻokeʻo.
• Pōʻaiʻī.
• Kuni.

I kekahi manawa, hiki i ka leukemia monocytic acute ke hoʻopilikia i kou lolo a me ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena . Inā hana kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me ka paʻakikī i ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana.

No ke aha e loaʻa ai kēia ʻano maʻi?

ʻAʻole maopopo loa i nā loea lapaʻau ke kumu o ka AMoL. Akā, ua manaʻo ʻia ua hana ʻia e nā hoʻololi genetic , a i ʻole nā ​​loli i loko o ka DNA o nā cell. ʻO kēia mau loli ke kumu e lilo ai kahi cell olakino i maʻi kanesa.

Ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi aia i loko o kekahi poʻe me AMoL, aia kahi maʻi genetic i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana o ka chromosome . ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ua haki kahi ʻāpana o kekahi chromosome a hoʻopili i kekahi chromosome. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he chromosomal translocation . Hiki i kēia maʻi ke hoʻōki i ka ulu ʻana o kahi cell ma ke ʻano he monocyte a lilo i cell cancer. E noʻonoʻo e like me kahi mea i hewa.

Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i kēia mau loli genetic. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā genetics ma hope o ka maʻi kanesa e kōkua i nā loea e hoʻomohala i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi aʻe e hakakā ai.

He aha nā kumu pilikia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia maʻi?

Aia kekahi mau kumu e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka Acute Monocytic Leukemia. Eia kekahi o lākou:

• Ka puhipaka a me ka ʻike ʻia ʻana e ka uahi lua . ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e puhipaka, he mea weliweli nō hoʻi ka noho ʻana a puni ka poʻe puhipaka.
• Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi kanesa ma mua, no ka laʻana , chemotherapy a me radiation therapy.
• ʻO ka hoʻopili lōʻihi ʻana i nā carcinogens , e like me nā kemika e like me ka benzene a me ka formaldehyde (hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi mau hale hana a me nā pena).
• Ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i ka radiation ma hope o kahi ulia pōpilikia reactor nukelea a i ʻole ka pōkā atomika.
• Inā he maʻi hoʻoilina kou i hoʻoili ʻia i nā hanauna, no ka laʻana , ʻo Li-Fraumeni syndrome .
• Inā he mau maʻi kou e pili ana i ka iwi iwi, e like me nā neoplasms myeloproliferative .

Akā, he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kumu pilikia e loaʻa maoli iā ʻoe ka maʻi kanesa . Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia hiki iā ʻoe ke kaohi, e like me ka puhi ʻole ʻana.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana o kēia maʻi?

Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻo AMoL, hiki i nā pūnaewele ʻē ke kūkulu ʻia i loko o kou iwi iwi . E like me kou ʻike, ʻo ka iwi iwi kahi e hana ʻia ai nā hunaola koko. No laila, ke ulu kēia mau hunaola kanesa, hoʻokuke lākou i nā hunaola koko olakino. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets, hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia like ʻole. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• Anemia : He kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka emi ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Hiki i kēia ke hana i ka luhi a me ka mae.
• ʻO Neutropenia : ʻO ka emi ʻana o nā neutrophils, kahi ʻano o ke koko keʻokeʻo, e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi.
• Thrombocytopenia : ʻO ka emi ʻana o nā platelets, e kōkua ana i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko mai kahi ʻeha liʻiliʻi.

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai i kēia maʻi?

Hoʻohana nā kauka i kekahi mau hoʻāʻo e ʻike ai i ka AML. Wahi a ka World Health Organization, ua manaʻo ʻia he AML ke kanaka inā he 20% a ʻoi aku paha o ko lākou mau hunaola koko he mau hunaola ʻōpiopio a ʻano ʻē. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ma mua o 80% o kēlā mau hunaola ʻano ʻē he mau monocytes a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea mua o ka monocyte.

E lawe kāu kauka i kahi hāpana koko, a i ʻole kahi hāpana o ka ʻiʻo, ka wai, a i ʻole ka iwi iwi. Hoʻāʻo maoli ʻia kēia mau mea ma kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua.

Eia nā hoʻokolohua i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana iā AMoL:

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko : Hiki i ka helu koko piha (CBC ) ke hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o AMoL, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka helu o nā keʻena koko keʻokeʻo. Hiki i kahi palaki koko peripheral ke nānā i nā keʻena ʻē.
• ʻO ka biopsy iwi iwi : No kēia hoʻāʻo, lawe kāu kauka i kahi laʻana o ka ʻiʻo a i ʻole ka wai mai kou iwi (ʻo kou iwi ʻūhā maʻamau). A laila e nānā ʻia ka laʻana ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā i nā hunaola kanesa. Hiki ke ʻeha iki kēia, akā he mea nui ia no ka ʻike ʻana.
• ʻŌkuʻi kuamoʻo : No ka ʻike ʻana inā ua pālahalaha nā hunaola kanesa i ka lolo a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena, lawe ke kauka i kahi laʻana o kou wai kuamoʻo a hoʻāʻo iā ia.
• Ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka maʻi immunophenotypingNānā kēia hoʻāʻo i nā protein kikoʻī ma ka ʻili o nā cell. Kōkua kēia mau protein i ka ʻike ʻana i nā cell ma ke ʻano he mau cell AMoL.
• Ka nānā ʻana o Cytogenic : Nānā kēia ʻano loiloi no nā translocations a i ʻole nā ​​​​hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana i nā chromosomes i loko o nā cell e pili ana me AMoL.

He aha ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia?

ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ia ke hoʻihoʻi i ke kanesa i ka hoʻōla ʻana . ʻO ia hoʻi, i kahi i pau ai nā hunaola kanesa i loko o kou iwi iwi a i ʻole ke koko. Akā, ʻaʻole pono e huikau kēia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau . ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau kahi kūlana i nalowale loa ai ke kanesa a ʻaʻole i hoʻi mai.

Kemoterapia

ʻO ka chemotherapy ka lāʻau lapaʻau nui no ka leukemia monocytic acute . Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me kēia mau pae:

• Lapaʻau hoʻokomo : Hoʻohana kēia lāʻau i ka hui pū ʻana o nā lāʻau chemotherapy e hoʻokuʻu iā AMoL i ke kala ʻana. ʻO ka maʻamau, aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā kau he nui e mau ana i kekahi mau lā, me nā kipa hou e pono ai.
• Hoʻōla hoʻohui : Ma kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, e hoʻomau ʻoe i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka chemo kiʻekiʻe e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa i koe. E hōʻemi kēia i ka manawa kūpono o ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai o nā hunaola kanesa. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻekolu a ʻehā mahina ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ma luna o kekahi mau lā.
• Ka lāʻau mālama : Ma hope o ka lāʻau hoʻopaʻa, pono paha ʻoe i ka chemo haʻahaʻa no kekahi mau mahina a i ʻole nā ​​​​makahiki.

Hoʻōla i kuhikuhi ʻia

Kuhi kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i nā mutations kikoʻī a i ʻole nā ​​​​loli i loko o nā cell cancer. Inā ʻaʻole i holo pono ka chemotherapy, pono paha ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia . A i ʻole, inā he mutations genetic kikoʻī i loko o nā cell cancer, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e hana kūʻē i kēlā mutation.

Hoʻoili pūnaewele kumu

ʻO ke ala wale nō e ho'ōla loa ai i ka leukemia monocytic acute he allogeneic stem cell transplant . Pono paha kēia ma hope o kou komo ʻana i ka remission. A i ʻole, inā hoʻi mai ke kanesa ma hope o kou komo ʻana i ka remission, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia transplant. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, hoʻololi ke kauka i kāu mau cell stem ponoʻī me nā cell stem mai kahi mea hāʻawi. ʻO ka maʻamau, he hoa pili koko kokoke ka mea hāʻawi. A i ʻole, hiki ke lilo i mea hāʻawi pili ʻole ma kahi papa inoa aupuni a honua paha.

Akā, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka a pau ke loaʻa kahi hoʻoili cell kumu. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi. Inā ʻōlelo kāu kauka, e wehewehe lākou i nā pono a me nā pōʻino iā ʻoe.

Nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau

He hoʻokolohua lapaʻau kahi haʻawina e hoʻāʻo ai i ka palekana a me ka pono o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou. Ma muli o kāu hōʻailona, ​​ʻo ia paha ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nāu. E nīnau i kāu kauka inā pono ʻoe e komo i kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau.

Pehea ʻoe e noho ai me kēia maʻi? / He aha nā manawa kūpono e ho'ōla ai?

ʻO ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana no kekahi me ka leukemia monocytic acute (AMoL) ua like ia me kekahi me ka leukemia myeloid acute (AML). Ma kahi o 3 i loko o 10 mau kānaka me AMoL e ola mau ana i ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana .

Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole hōʻike kēia mau helu i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou. Ke ʻae nei nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou i nā kānaka e ola lōʻihi me AMoL. Eia kekahi, ʻo kāu prognosis , a i ʻole ka manawa e hoʻōla ai, e hilinaʻi ʻia i kekahi mau kumu. Eia kekahi laʻana:

• Makahiki : ʻOi aku ka nui o ka manawa e ho'ōla ai ka poʻe ma lalo o 65 mau makahiki mai ka AMoL.
• Ka helu o nā keʻokeʻo koko : ʻO ka poʻe me ka helu haʻahaʻa o nā keʻokeʻo koko he kiʻekiʻe aʻe ka manawa e ho'ōla ai.
• Pane i ka lāʻau lapaʻau : Inā loaʻa ke kala ʻana ma hope o ka chemotherapy mua (chemotherapy induction), kiʻekiʻe ka manawa e hoʻōla ai.

Pehea ʻoe e mālama ai iā ʻoe iho?

Hiki ke kaumaha ka noho ʻana me ka maʻi leukemia. ʻOiai ma hope o kou hoʻomaha ʻana, pono paha ʻoe e hoʻomanawanui i ka makaʻu e hoʻi hou mai ke kanesa. Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻomanawanui i nā hopena lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ke kanesa. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e mālama ai iā ʻoe iho, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai āpau i loaʻa iā ʻoe . Hiki i kēia mau mea ke komo pū me:

• Nā papahana ola ola maʻi kanesa : ʻO ka launa pū ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe me ke kanesa hiki ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ke kākoʻo āu e pono ai a kōkua iā ʻoe e manaʻo ʻaʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi.
• Mālama palekana : Kōkua ka mālama palekana iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi kanesa a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻOiai he aha kāu wānana, he kumuwaiwai waiwai nui kēia.
• Lapaʻau : Nui ka poʻe me ka maʻi kanesa e ʻike nei i ka hopohopo a me ke kaumaha. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ke kōkua ma ka hālāwai ʻana me kahi kākāʻōlelo olakino noʻonoʻo e hana pū ana me nā mea i pakele i ka maʻi kanesa. Hiki i kahi kākāʻōlelo ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i nā pilikia o kēlā me kēia lā e hele mai me ka maʻi kanesa.

Āhea ʻoe e pono ai e ʻike i ke kauka?

Pono ʻoe e ʻike pinepine i kāu kauka e nānā i kāu pane ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E hōʻike lākou iā ʻoe inā he mau loli i kou kino e hōʻike ana e hoʻi mai ana ke kanesa. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka me ka ʻole o ka hūnā ʻana i kekahi mea .

He aha nā nīnau āu e nīnau ai i ke kauka?

Eia kekahi mau nīnau hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka:

• He aha ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai iaʻu?
• He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e pono iaʻu e manaʻo, a pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke mālama iā lākou?
• Pono anei au e komo i kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau?
• ʻEhia pinepine e pono ai iaʻu e hele mai no nā hālāwai hoʻomaʻamaʻa?
• He aha nā kumuwaiwai e hiki ke kōkua iaʻu?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

He mea hoʻohoka paha ka ʻike ʻana ua loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki ka maʻi leukemia monocytic acute (AMoL). He mau maʻi koʻikoʻi nā maʻi ʻaʻai koko, a he paʻakikī paha nā lāʻau lapaʻau. E kū paha ʻoe i kekahi mau pōʻai o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā lā, nā pule, a me nā mahina e hiki mai ana.

Akā he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia: Ke kōkua nei kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i nā kānaka e ola lōʻihi ma mua o ka wā ma mua . No kekahi poʻe, hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopau loa i ke kanesa. E nīnau i kāu kauka i nā hopena āu e manaʻo ai. E kamaʻilio me lākou e pili ana i nā pono a me nā pōʻino o kēlā me kēia koho lapaʻau. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomanawanui i nā mea e hiki mai ana.

E hoʻomanaʻo i kēia: ʻAʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi i kēia huakaʻi. Aia nā kauka, ka ʻohana, a me nā hoaaloha ma laila e kōkua iā ʻoe. E noho ikaika!

ʻO ka maʻi leukemia monocytic acute, AMoL, maʻi ʻaʻai koko, nā hōʻailona leukemia, chemotherapy, hoʻoili iwi iwi, mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai