E kamaʻilio anei kākou e pili ana i kēia maʻi ʻaʻai koko koʻikoʻi, ʻo Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi anu ʻaʻole e nalowale ma hope o kekahi mau lā? A i ʻole ua luhi a palaualelo paha ʻoe? I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me kēia ke hūnā i kahi mea nui. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi iki, akā he mea nui loa ia e makaʻala. ʻO ia ka acute myeloid leukemia, a i ʻole AML no ka pōkole.

He aha ka AML?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) kahi ʻano maʻi kanesa e hoʻopilikia ai i kou iwi iwi a me ke koko. He maʻi kakaikahi akā koʻikoʻi. Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ia e kahi mutation i loko o kekahi o kāu mau genes a i ʻole chromosomes. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ia i nā poʻe ma luna o 60 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i nā poʻe ʻōpio a me nā keiki. He maʻi kanesa e laha wikiwiki ana ʻo AML a hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua ʻae nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou i nā poʻe he nui e ola lōʻihi me ka maʻi.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o AML?

ʻAe, aia kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o AML. Hoʻopilikia kēlā me kēia ʻano i ka helu o nā cell i loko o kou koko. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēlā me kēia ʻano ke hana i nā hōʻailona like ʻole a pane like ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hoʻoponopono nā kauka i kēia mau ʻano AML ma ka nānā ʻana i nā hunaola kanesa ma lalo o kahi microscope. Ke nānā pū nei lākou i nā loli i kāu mau chromosomes a me nā mutations i kekahi mau genes e kaohi ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola.

Eia kekahi o nā ʻano nui o AML:

• Leukemia Myeloid: ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau o AML. Hoʻomohala ia ma ke ʻano he maʻi ʻaʻai o nā cell e hana ana i nā neutrophils, kahi ʻano cell koko keʻokeʻo.
• ʻO ka maʻi leukemia monocytic acute (AML-M5): Hoʻomohala kēia i loko o nā pūnaewele e hana ana i kahi ʻano koko keʻokeʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo monocytes.
• ʻO ka leukemia megakaryocytic koʻikoʻi (AMLK): He maʻi ʻaʻai kēia o nā pūnaewele e hana ana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ​​platelets.
• ʻO ka leukemia promyelocytic acute (APL): I loko o kēia, ʻaʻole e ulu pono kahi ʻano o ke koko koko keʻokeʻo ʻōpiopio i kapa ʻia ʻo promyelocytes a lilo i mau cell cancerous.

Pehea ka maʻamau o AML?

He maʻi laha ʻole ka AML. Ma ka awelika, ma kahi o 4 o 100,000 mau mākua e loaʻa i ka maʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike ʻia he 1,160 mau keiki i ʻike ʻia me ka AML i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

He aha nā hōʻailona o AML?

I nā pae mua, hiki i nā hōʻailona AML ke manaʻo e like me ʻoe he anu a he maʻi palū paha i hala no kekahi mau lā. Akā, he maʻi ʻaʻai ikaika loa ka AML. ʻO ia hoʻi,E hoʻomaka koke ʻoe e ʻike i nā hōʻailona hou a ʻoi aku ka ʻike. Ma hope mai, e ʻike paha ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Manaʻo mau o ka poniuniu.
• ʻO nā mea e like me ka maʻalahi o ka palapū ʻana, ke kahe pinepine ʻana o ka ihu, a me ke kahe ʻana o nā ʻāʻī i ka wā e palaki ai i kou mau niho.
• Manaʻo o ka luhi hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui.
• Ke anu nei.
• Kuni.
• Ka hou o ka pō.
• Loaʻa pinepine nā maʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi e loaʻa ana e lōʻihi ka manawa e ho'ōla ai.
• Nā ʻeha poʻo.
• ʻAʻohe ʻono o ka meaʻai.
• Ka wiwi ʻana me ke kumu ʻole.
• ʻIli keʻokeʻo.
• Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (dyspnea).
• Nā ʻōpū lymph pehu.
• Ka manaʻo o ka nāwaliwali.
• ʻEha ma nā iwi, ke kua, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū.
• Nā kiko ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻili (petechiae).
• He manawa ka manawa e ho'ōla ai i nā ʻeha.

He aha nā kumu o AML?

ʻAʻole maopopo loa i nā loea ke kumu o ka AML. Akā, ʻike lākou e kū mai ana ke ʻano i ka wā e loli ai kekahi mau genes a i ʻole chromosomes i loko o ko kākou kino (mutate), e hana ana i nā hunaola koko ʻē. Hiki i kēia mau loli genetic ke komo pū me:

• Ua hoʻopilikia kekahi mea i kāu DNA i kou wā e ola ana.
• Inā he maʻi genetic kou i hoʻoili ʻia i nā hanauna a hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka AML.
• Ma muli o kahi loli i kekahi o nā genes i loko o ka sperm a i ʻole nā ​​​​hua manu o kou mau mākua.

Pehea e hoʻololi ai nā loli genetic i ka AML?

I mea e maopopo ai pehea e hiki ai i kēia mau loli genetic ke alakaʻi i ka AML, he mea kōkua ke ʻike iki e pili ana i kou iwi iwi a me nā hunaola koko. ʻO kou iwi iwi ka ʻiʻo palupalu a palupalu i waenakonu o ka hapa nui o kou mau iwi. Hana ʻia ia me:

• Hoʻokumu ʻia nā pūnaewele kumu. ʻO kēia nā pūnaewele e lilo i mau pūnaewele koko ʻulaʻula e lawe ana i ka oxygen, nā pūnaewele koko keʻokeʻo e pale aku i ka maʻi, a me nā platelets e kōkua ana i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko.

ʻO ka maʻamau, hana kou iwi iwi e like me kahi laina hana kūpono, e hana ana i ka nui kūpono o nā hunaola koko a me nā platelets no kou kino. Akā i loko o kekahi me AML, hoʻomaka ka iwi iwi e hana i nā hunaola myeloid maʻamau i kapa ʻia he myeloid blasts a i ʻole myeloblasts.

ʻAʻole hana kēia mau pūnaewele myeloid blast e like me nā pūnaewele koko maʻamau. Loaʻa i nā pūnaewele maʻamau nā kuhikuhi mai ko lākou mau genes e pili ana i ka manawa a me ka wikiwiki o kā lākou māhele ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana. Ke ʻelemakule nā ​​pūnaewele, make lākou e hana i ala no nā pūnaewele hou i loko o ka iwi iwi. Akā, ʻaʻole hahai nā pūnaewele myeloid blast i kēia mau kuhikuhi. Māhele lākou me ke kāohi ʻole a ʻaʻole make. Ke hoʻomau nei nā pūnaewele myeloid blast e hoʻopiha i ka iwi iwi, ʻaʻohe wahi no nā pūnaewele koko olakino. No ka mea, ʻaʻohe wahi, ua pau ka hana ʻana o ka iwi iwi i nā pūnaewele koko olakino. Me ka ʻole o nā pūnaewele koko olakino hou, ʻaʻole loaʻa i ke kino nā mea e pono ai e hana pono.

Eia kekahi, i ka hoʻomau ʻana o kēia mau pūnaewele myeloid blast e māhelehele, neʻe lākou i waho o ka iwi iwi a i loko o ke kahe koko. Ke komo i loko o ke kahe koko, hele kēia mau pūnaewele myeloid i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, me kāu ʻōnaehana nerve waena, ka lolo, a me ke kaula spinal.

He aha nā kumu pilikia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka AML?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻike maopopo nā loea i ke kumu o nā hoʻololi genetic e alakaʻi ai i ka AML, ʻike lākou i kekahi mau mea (nā kumu pilikia) e hoʻonui ai i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi. (Ke noʻonoʻo mākou i nā kumu pilikia, he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kumu pilikia e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi. ) ʻO nā kumu pilikia no AML:

• Makahiki: Ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka AML he 65 mau makahiki a ʻoi paha i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka AML i nā pākeke, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke loaʻa i nā keiki.
• Puhipaka: Hoʻokomo pū kēia i ka hanu ʻana i ka uahi lua.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kanesa: Nā mea e like me ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy.
• ʻO ka hoʻopili lōʻihi ʻana i kekahi mau kemika carcinogens: ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i nā mea e like me benzene a me formaldehyde.
• ʻIke ʻia i nā nui kiʻekiʻe o ka radiation mai kahi ulia reactor nukelea a i ʻole ka pōkā atomika.
• ʻO kekahi mau maʻi hoʻoilina i hoʻoilina ʻia.
• Nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ka iwi iwi.

He aha nā maʻi genetic e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o AML?

Ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi e hoʻonui ana kekahi mau hoʻololi hoʻoilina i hoʻoilina i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka AML. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka maʻi Down
• ʻO ka ataxia telangiectasia
• ʻO ka maʻi Li-Fraumeni
• ʻO ka maʻi Klinefelter
• ʻO ka maʻi anemia Fanconi
• ʻO ka maʻi Wiskott-Aldrich - Hoʻopilikia kēia i ka hana ʻana o nā platelet.
• ʻO ka maʻi Bloom
• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Platelet Familial - He maʻi pili kēia i ka platelet.

He aha nā maʻi ʻiwi iwi e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o AML?

Hiki i kekahi poʻe me nā neoplasms myeloproliferative, a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi myeloproliferative, ke loaʻa i ka leukemia myeloid acute. (ʻO Myelo ke ʻano o ka iwi iwi. ʻO ka proliferative ke ʻano o ka ulu nui ʻana.) ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe me nā kūlana ma lalo nei i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka AML:

• ʻO ka Polycythemia vera
• ʻO ka Myelofibrosis
• ʻO ka Thrombocytosis
• ʻO ka maʻi Myelodysplastic
• ʻAʻai anemia aplastic

He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa mai ka AML?

I kona mau pae mua, hoʻopilikia ka leukemia myeloid acute i ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula olakino, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets i loko o kou kino. Inā ʻaʻole lawa kāu mau hunaola koko olakino a me nā platelets, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā kūlana e like me:

• Anemia - ʻo ia hoʻi ka nele o ke koko.
• Thrombocytopenia - ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka nele o nā platelets.
• Pancytopenia - ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka emi ʻana o nā ʻano koko āpau a me nā platelets.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka AML? (Diagnosis)

Hoʻohana nā kauka i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai i ka AML, me nā hoʻokolohua genetic e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano kikoʻī o AML. ʻO ka hana mua ka hoʻokolokolo kino. Hoʻokomo pū kēia i ka nānā ʻana i ka palapū, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, a me ka maʻi. Nānā pū lākou i ka pehu ʻana i nā ʻōpū e like me ke ake, ka spleen, a me nā lymph node.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike ai i ka AML?

Pono paha ʻoe e hana i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hoʻokolohua:

• Helu koko piha (CBC)
• ʻO ka palaki koko peripheral - Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi hāpana koko a nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope.
• ʻO ka biopsy iwi iwi - Ma kēia, lawe ʻia kahi hāpana liʻiliʻi o ka iwi iwi a nānā ʻia.
• ʻO ke kī ʻana o ka iwi kuamoʻo - Hana ʻia kēia i kekahi manawa e nānā i nā hunaola kanesa i loko o ke kahe a puni ke kaula iwi kuamoʻo.

He aha nā hoʻāʻo genetic i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike ai i ka AML?

Hana nā kauka lapaʻau i nā hoʻokolohua genetic e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano kikoʻī o AML. Ke ʻimi nei lākou i nā loli (nā mutations) i kekahi mau chromosomes a i ʻole genes. Ke ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o AML, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā kauka ke hoʻoholo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke ho'ōla i ka AML. ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua kikoʻī i hana ʻia no kēia kumu:

• Immunohistochemistry: Ma kēia, ua hoʻoluʻu ʻia nā ʻāpana a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana ma muli o nā kemika i loaʻa i loko o nā ʻāpana.
• ʻO ke kahe ʻana o ka cytometry.
• Hoʻāʻo kariotype.
• ʻO ka fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization (FISH): Hiki i kēia ke ʻike i nā loli i nā chromosomes.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no AML?

ʻO nā koho lapaʻau e komo pū me ka chemotherapy, ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia (me ka monoclonal antibody therapy), a i ʻole ka allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Loaʻa nā koho lapaʻau like no nā pākeke a me nā keiki. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kala piha ʻana o AML.I loko o AML, ʻo ke ʻano o ka 'ho'ōla piha ʻana' ʻo ia hoʻi he maʻamau kou helu koko ma nā hoʻokolohua. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kauka ke ʻike i kekahi mau hunaola kanesa ke nānā lākou i kahi hāpana o kou iwi iwi ma lalo o kahi microscope.

ʻO ka Chemotherapy no AML

ʻEkolu mau pae nui o ka chemotherapy no AML - hoʻokomo, hoʻopaʻa ʻana, a me ka mālama ʻana.

Lapaʻau hoʻoulu kala

ʻO kēia ka hana mua i ka hoʻopau loa ʻana i ka AML. ʻO ka maʻamau, he mau lā ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana. Pono paha kekahi poʻe i ʻelua a ʻoi aku paha mau manawa o kēia mālama mua e hoʻopau loa i ka AML. Hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻohana i kēia mau lāʻau chemotherapy no kēia mālama mua:

• ʻO Cytarabine (Cytosar-U®)
• ʻO Daunorubicin (Cerubidine®)
• ʻIdarubicin (Idamycin®)
• ʻAzacitidine (Vidaza®)
• ʻO Decitabine (Dacogen®)
• ʻO Glasdegib (Daurismo®)
• Venetoclax (Venclexta®, Venclyxto®)

Wahi a nā loea, ʻo kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau mua:

• Ua ho'ōla hou ʻia ma mua o 60% o nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio.
• Ma kahi o 75% o nā mākua he 60 a ma lalo e ho'ōla hou ana.
• Ma kahi o 50% o ka poʻe ma luna o 60 mau makahiki e ho'ōla hou ana.

Hoʻōla hoʻohui

Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau hoʻohui e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa i koe. Hoʻemi kēia i ka pilikia o ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai o ke kanesa (recurrence). Hāʻawi ʻia ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ka cytarabine (Ara-C) kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole HiDAC no ʻelima mau lā i kēlā me kēia mahina no ʻekolu a ʻehā mahina.

Ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ho'ōla ʻia ʻo AML me ka lāʻau hoʻopaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia, hiki i nā kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e hoʻomau i ka chemotherapy ma nā dosis haʻahaʻa. Hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia ka mālama ʻana no nā mahina a i ʻole nā ​​makahiki. ʻO nā lāʻau chemotherapy i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana e komo pū me:

• ʻAzacitidine (Vidaza®)
• ʻO Decitabine (Dacogen®)
• ʻO Midostaurin (Rydapt®)

Hoʻōla i kuhikuhi ʻia

E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, kuhikuhi kēia lāʻau i nā hoʻololi genetic kikoʻī i loko o nā cell cancer. Ma ka kuhikuhi ʻana i kēia mau mutations, hoʻōki nā cell cancer i ka ulu ʻana. ʻO ka monoclonal antibody therapy kekahi ʻano therapy i kuhikuhi ʻia. Hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻohana i nā therapies i kuhikuhi ʻia e mālama i ka AML i pane ʻole i ka chemotherapy a i ʻole ua hoʻi mai:

• Hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻohana i nā lāʻau chemotherapy ʻo Midostaurin (Rydapt®) a i ʻole Gilteritinib (Xospata®) e mālama i nā poʻe maʻi AML me ka mutation gene FTL3. Loaʻa kēia mutation i 25% a 30% o ka poʻe me AML.
• Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Enasidenib (IDHIFA®) a i ʻole Ivosidenib (Tibsovo®) e mālama i ka poʻe i loaʻa iā AML ma muli o kahi mutation o kā lākou gene X.

Hoʻoili ʻana o nā pūnaewele kumu allogeneic

Hoʻohana kahi hoʻoili ʻana o nā cell kumu allogeneic i nā cell kumu mai kahi mea hāʻawi pili a pili ʻole paha. Hiki i nā kauka ke loaʻa i kēia mau cell kumu mai ka iwi iwi, ke koko peripheral, a i ʻole ke koko kaula (ke koko i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai ke kaula umbilical ma hope o ka hānau ʻana).

Nā pilikia lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​​​hopena ʻaoʻao

Loaʻa i ka aneane nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau ka hopena ʻaoʻao. I ka AML, ʻo ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā cell stem ka hopena koʻikoʻi loa. Hiki i ka Chemotherapy ke hana i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo myelosuppression, ʻo ia hoʻi ke nalowale nei kou kino i ka helu maʻamau o nā cell koko a me nā platelets. ʻOkoʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia ma muli o ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia.

He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e ʻike ai pehea e hoʻopilikia ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi kanesa i kou ola o kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO kāu kauka ke kanaka maikaʻi loa e ʻike e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao kikoʻī o kāu lāʻau. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke pōmaikaʻi mai ka mālama palliative e kōkua i ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

Hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ka AML?

I kēia manawa, ʻo ke kāpili ʻana o nā cell stem allogeneic wale nō ke ala e ho'ōla loa ai i ka leukemia myeloid acute. Ma muli o kou kūlana, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi kāpili cell stem ma ke ʻano he lāʻau AML mua. A i ʻole, inā hoʻi mai kāu AML i loko o 12 mau mahina, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia kēia lāʻau. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole kūpono nā kānaka a pau no kahi kāpili cell stem.

He aha ka wānana o AML?

I ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i ka wānana o ka leukemia myeloid acute, aia ʻelua mau ʻano. ʻO kekahi ka hoʻomaha piha ʻana. ʻO kekahi ka recurrence, ʻo ia ka wā e ulu hou ai ʻo AML.

• Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ua manaʻo ʻia ma waena o 50% a me 80% o ka poʻe me ka leukemia myeloid acute e hoʻōla piha ma hope o ka mālama ʻana. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka poʻe keiki a me ka poʻe ma lalo o 60 e hoʻōla piha. Hiki i kēia hoʻōla ke mau no nā mahina a i ʻole nā ​​​​makahiki.
• Ma kahi o 50% o ka poʻe i ho'ōla piha ʻia e loaʻa hou iā lākou ka AML. Inā hana ʻia kēia, hiki i nā kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ka chemotherapy hou a i ʻole ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā cell stem. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻōlelo aku e komo i kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki ka AML, e nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo.

He aha ka nui o ke ola ʻana o nā poʻe maʻi AML?

He maʻi paʻakikī ka leukemia myeloid acute. No ka mea he nui nā ʻano like ʻole o AML, he paʻakikī ke hāʻawi i kahi wānana pololei.

Eia kekahi laʻana, ʻo ka nui o ke ola ʻana o nā keiki ma lalo o 15 makahiki he 67%. Akā, ua hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi ʻo ka nui o ke ola ʻana o nā keiki me ka APL subtype ma mua o 80%. He kuleana koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ka makahiki. Ma ka awelika, 30% o nā mākua me AML e ola ana i ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana. E hoʻomanaʻo, ulu pinepine ka AML i nā poʻe he 60 makahiki a ʻoi aku paha, a he mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe paha.

He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo e hōʻike ana kēia mau helu ola i ka ʻike o nā hui nui o ka poʻe me AML. Hoʻokomo pū kēia ʻikepili i nā helu ola mai 2012 a 2018, a aia i kēia manawa nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no AML.

He nui nā kumu e hoʻopilikia i ka lōʻihi o kou ola ʻana me ka leukemia myeloid acute. ʻO ke ʻano kēia , ʻo kāu mau kauka, ka poʻe i ʻike i kou mōʻaukala lapaʻau a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa, ʻo lākou ka poʻe maikaʻi loa e ʻike e pili ana i kēia.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka AML?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka leukemia myeloid acute. ʻOiai ua ʻike nā loea ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka AML e nā hoʻololi genetic, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike i ke kumu. Akā ua ʻike lākou e pili ana i nā mea pilikia e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka AML. Eia kekahi mau mea pilikia hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi:

• Puhipaka: Hoʻokomo pū kēia i ka uahi lua. Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, e hoʻāʻo e haʻalele. Inā ʻoe e noho a hana paha me kahi mea puhipaka, e hoʻāʻo e kaupalena i ka manawa āu e noho pū ai me lākou i ka wā e puhipaka ana lākou.
• ʻO ka hoʻopili lōʻihi ʻana i kekahi mau kemika carcinogenic: ʻoiai ʻo benzene a me formaldehyde. Inā ʻoe e hana me kēia mau carcinogens, e lawe i nā hana palekana āpau, e like me ke komo ʻana i nā lole pale.

Pehea e mālama ai iaʻu iho? (Mālama ponoʻī)

ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka noho ʻana me kahi maʻi kanesa e hiki ke hoʻi hou mai. ʻO ke komo ʻana i nā papahana ola maʻi kanesa kekahi ala e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mālama iā ʻoe iho. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e hiki ke pale i ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai o ka leukemia myeloid acute. Akā hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hana e noho olakino ai, ʻaʻohe mea. Eia kekahi mau manaʻo:

• Hiki i ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia myeloid acute ke hoʻopilikia i kāu meaʻai.Pono ʻoe e ʻai pono i mea e ikaika ai. Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka ʻai ʻana, e kamaʻilio me ke kauka meaʻai.
• Hiki ke paʻakikī ke hoʻokele i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka mālama ʻana iā AML. Inā pono, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka mālama palliative.
• He maʻi hoʻoluhi loa ka maʻi kanesa. Hiki i ka hoʻoikaika kino ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i ke kaumaha. Akā, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kahi papahana hoʻoikaika kino hou a paʻakikī.
• Hiki i ke kanesa ke hoʻolilo iā ʻoe i mehameha. He maʻi laha ʻole ka AML. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hopohopo e pili ana i ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i kou kūlana. Inā pēlā, e noʻonoʻo e hui pū me kahi hui kākoʻo.
• Hiki i ka leukemia myeloid acute ke hoʻoluhi iā ʻoe. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopau i kou ikaika. E hoʻomanaʻo e hiamoe i ka nui o kou makemake.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

E ʻike mau ʻoe i kāu kauka i kou wā e hoʻōla ai, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e loaʻa ana i ka lāʻau mālama. E haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e hōʻike ana e hoʻi mai ana kāu AML. E kōkua kēia iā ʻoe e ʻike i ka wā e hoʻokaʻaʻike aku ai iā lākou no nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau hou.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka AML, makemake paha ʻoe e nīnau iā ʻoe iho i kēia mau nīnau:

• He aha ke ʻano o ka AML iaʻu?
• He aha kaʻu mau koho lapaʻau?
• He aha nā pilikia a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
• Pehea e mālama ai i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
• He aha ka mālama ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai iaʻu?
• Pono anei au e makaʻala i nā hōʻailona o nā pilikia?
• Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua lapaʻau e pono iaʻu e noʻonoʻo?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

ʻO ka Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) kahi maʻi ʻaʻai laha ʻole e hoʻopilikia i kou iwi iwi a me ke koko. Hoʻopilikia pinepine ka AML i nā poʻe ma luna o 65 mau makahiki, akā hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio. Mahalo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe e noho nei me AML i ka hoʻomaha ʻana ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻi hou mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ke hoʻomau nei nā mea noiʻi lapaʻau i ka noiʻi ʻana i nā ala e mālama ai i ka AML e hoʻi mai ana.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki ka maʻi leukemia myeloid acute, manaʻo paha ʻoe ua kiola ʻia ʻoe mai ka ʻāina paʻa i loko o ke kai kānalua. E noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe inā e lawe mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe i ka hōʻoluʻolu. Inā pēlā, hopohopo paha ʻoe i ka lōʻihi o kēlā hōʻoluʻolu. Hoʻomaopopo kāu mau kauka i kou manaʻo. E noho pū lākou me ʻoe i kou wā e hoʻoponopono ai i nā pilikia o AML. No laila e noho ikaika a mai kānalua e kiʻi i ke kōkua āu e pono ai.

ʻO ka maʻi leukemia myeloid koʻikoʻi, AML, maʻi ʻaʻai koko, iwi ʻiʻo, nā hōʻailona, ​​chemotherapy, hoʻoili cell kumu