He pilikia anei ka maʻi ʻaʻai anal? E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka Anal Dysplasia ma nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi!

Manaʻo pinepine ʻoe he ʻili ʻeha a puʻupuʻu kou a puni kou anus? Hilahila iki ka poʻe he nui e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kēia mau mea, a he mea maʻamau kēlā. Akā, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau hōʻailona a me ka nānā ʻole ʻana iā lākou he mea nui loa ia no kou olakino. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi i lohe ʻole ʻia e ka poʻe he nui, akā he mea nui e ʻike. ʻO ia ka Anal Dysplasia.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Anal Dysplasia?

Mai makaʻu ʻoe ke lohe ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo Anal Dysplasia. ʻAʻole ia he maʻi kanesa. Akā, i ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he loli maʻamau ʻole ia i loko o nā pūnaewele i loko o kou anus. Hiki i kēia loli ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa anal i ka wā e hiki mai ana. No laila, hiki ke kapa ʻia he "precursor" a i ʻole "hōʻailona hōʻike" o ka maʻi kanesa.

E noʻonoʻo e like me he māwae liʻiliʻi lā ma ka paia. ʻAʻole manaʻo kēlā māwae ua hiolo ka paia. Akā he hōʻailona ia e pono ai ʻoe e makaʻala iā ia a hana i nā hana e pono ai. ʻO Anal Dysplasia kekahi o ia mau mea.

Manaʻo nā kānaka noiʻi lapaʻau ʻo ke kumu nui o kēia maʻi ʻo ia ka Human Papillomavirus, a i ʻole kekahi mau ʻano o ka maʻi HPV a kākou a pau i ʻike ai. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe me ka HIV i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale HPV a me ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai ka maʻi HPV hiki ke hōʻemi nui i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka Anal Dysplasia.

Pehea ka hopena o kēia kūlana i ke kino?

Hoʻomaka ka Anal Dysplasia ma ka ʻili pulu o kou anus. Kapa mākou ia he mucosa. Ma kēia kūlana, lilo mālie nā pūnaewele olakino i loko o kēia ʻili i mau pūnaewele ʻē. Hoʻomohala pinepine kēia mau pūnaewele ʻē ma kahi e hui ai ka anus me ka rectum. Akā i kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke ulu i loko o ka ʻili ma waho o ka anus (ʻili perianal).

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole kēia maʻi e hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​​​akā hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Ka maneʻo mau a hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui a puni ka anus.
• Ke hoʻopā ʻoe iā ia me kou manamana lima, manaʻo ʻoe e paʻa ana i kahi mea e like me kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi a i ʻole kahi ʻōpū.
• Hoʻomohala kekahi poʻe i nā warts a puni ka anus. ʻAʻole maʻi kanesa kēia mau warts, akā he hōʻailona lākou o ka maʻi HPV.

Ua kapa ʻia kēia kūlana e nā kauka ʻo Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (AIN) a i ʻole Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (SILs). Ua māhele nui ʻia i ʻelua mau māhele. Hoʻoholo ʻia ia ma ka nānā ʻana i nā cell ma lalo o kahi microscope.

Ua ʻike ʻia ma kahi noiʻi hou nei ma waena o 3% a me 14% o ka poʻe me ke kanesa anal kiʻekiʻe (HSIL) e ulu. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa kēia pilikia mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe me ka HIV i loaʻa i ka anal dysplasia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa.

He aha nā kumu pilikia e hoʻomohala ai i ka Anal Dysplasia?

Aia kekahi mau kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka likelika o kēia ʻano. ʻO lākou kēia:

• Ka maʻi ʻana me kekahi mau ʻano o ka maʻi HPV: ʻO kēia ke kumu nui.
• Ka moe kolohe ʻana ma ka anal: ʻOiai inā hoʻohana ʻia nā condom, aia kahi pilikia e hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi HPV ma o nā wahi ʻili i uhi ʻole ʻia e ka condom.
• ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi HIV: Hoʻonāwaliwali ka HIV i ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino, e hōʻemi ana i kona hiki ke hakakā i ka maʻi HPV.
• Puhipaka: Hoʻopōʻino nā kemika i loko o nā sikaleka i nā ʻāpana o ke kino a hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa.
• ʻŌnaehana pale maʻi nāwaliwali: ʻO ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale maʻi nāwaliwali ma muli o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (e laʻa, nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma hope o ke kāpili ʻana o nā kino) a i ʻole nā ​​​​kūlana autoimmune ʻē aʻe e piʻi aʻe ana ka pilikia.

Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia maʻi?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​makemake paha kāu kauka e hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia maʻi. Mai hilahila a makaʻu paha i kēia. He mau hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau kēia.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia?

ʻO ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana e pili ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka dysplasia āu e loaʻa ai (haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha).

• Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (LSIL): I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole e mālama ke kauka i ke kūlana a nānā wale iā ia no kekahi manawa, ʻoiai e hoʻoholo pinepine kēia mau mea iā lākou iho.
• Kiʻekiʻe-papa (HSIL): He kūlana kēia e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi kanesa i ka wā e hiki mai ana, no laila pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau e wehe i nā hunaola ʻē. Nui nā ala e hana ai i kēia.

E koho kāu kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa iā ʻoe a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao. E wehewehe pono ʻo ia iā ʻoe. ʻAʻohe mea e makaʻu ai. ʻO kekahi o nā koho lapaʻau:

• Lapaʻau Laser: Ke hoʻohana nei i nā kukuna laser e luku i nā ʻiʻo i loaʻa nā cell ʻano ʻē.
• Electrocautery (EC): Wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻē me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea uila.
• TCA (ʻakika Trichloroacetic): Hoʻomoʻa ʻia kahi ʻano ʻakika kūikawā i loko o kahi pōpō pulupulu a hoʻopili ʻia i nā wahi i loaʻa ai nā pūnaewele ʻē, e luku ana iā lākou.
• ʻOki kino: I kekahi mau hihia, wehe ʻia ka wahi me nā ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe e ke ʻoki kino.

He aha kā mākou e hana ai e hōʻemi i ka pilikia?

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa a me ka maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i kēia maʻi, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai ka maʻi HPV nāna i hoʻokumu. Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hana i kēia:

• ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale HPV: ʻO kēia ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i ka maʻi HPV. Hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale ke pale aku i ka anal dysplasia a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka HPV, e like me ke kanesa cervical.
• Nā hana moekolohe palekana: ʻO ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka condom i kēlā me kēia manawa āu e moe ai hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi i laha ma ke moekolohe, me ka HPV.
• Ke kaupalena ʻana i ka helu o nā hoa moe: Piʻi ka pilikia o ka maʻi HPV me ka helu o nā hoa.
• E pale i ka puhipaka: Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, he mea nui loa ka haʻalele ʻana no kou olakino holoʻokoʻa a e hōʻemi i kēia pilikia.
• Nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau: Inā hāʻule ʻoe i loko o kekahi o nā hui pilikia i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna (e.g., inā he maʻi HIV ʻoe), e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka nānā ʻia ʻana no kēia maʻi.

I ka manawa hea e ʻike ai i ke kauka

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, mai hilahila a e ʻike koke i ke kauka.

• ʻO ka ʻūlū mau ʻana i loko o ka anus.
• Inā ʻoe e manaʻo i kahi puʻupuʻu a puʻupuʻu paha ma ia wahi.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha rectum.
• Inā he kahe koko me ka ʻōpala a i nā manawa ʻē aʻe paha.