Skip to main content

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu weliweli e ulu ana i loko o ka lolo? (Brain Abscess)

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu weliweli e ulu ana i loko o ka lolo? (Brain Abscess)

Ua manaʻo paha ʻoe i loko o kou poʻo, ʻo ia hoʻi, i loko o kou lolo, kahi mea e like me ka pimple i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria, akā ma ke ʻano ʻoi aku ka weliweli, hiki iā ia ke hōʻiliʻili i ka pus a hana i kahi puʻupuʻu? He leo ʻē ia, ʻeā? Akā, he mea maoli kēia. Kāhea mākou i kēia he abscess o ka lolo. ʻAʻole kēia he pāʻani, a inā ʻaʻole e mālama koke ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka abscess o ka lolo he puʻupuʻu i hana ʻia i loko o kou lolo mai ka pus, nā cell make, a me nā germs. Ua like ia me kahi ʻeha e pehu ana i kahi o ko mākou kino, akā hana kēia i loko o ka lolo. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, kekahi germ, hiki ke bacteria, a i ʻole he fungi, ke komo i loko o ka lolo, ke kaua nei ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino iā ia. ʻO nā germs e make ana i kēia hakakā, ʻo kā mākou mau cell ponoʻī, hui pū kēia mau mea a pau e hana i kēia puʻupuʻu pus. A laila hana ka ʻiʻo lolo i kahi pā a puni kēia puʻupuʻu pus, ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he abscess.

I ka ulu ʻana o kēia puʻupuʻu, piʻi aʻe ke kaomi i loko o ka lolo. He ʻōkana palupalu loa ka lolo, no laila he paʻakikī ke kū i kēia ʻano kaomi. He pilikia olakino kēia a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia. Ua lohe paha ʻoe ua kapa pinepine nā kauka i kēia he abscess cerebral.

Akā, ʻaʻole kēia he mea maʻamau loa. ʻOiai ma kahi ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika, he kakaikahi loa nā hōʻike i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, inā hiki i kekahi, pono ʻoe e makaʻala loa.

No laila he aha nā hōʻailona o kahi puʻupuʻu lolo?

Ke ulu aʻe kahi puʻupuʻu lolo e like me kēia, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā ʻano hōʻailona like ʻole. No kekahi poʻe, hiki ke ʻike koke ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​akā no kekahi poʻe, hiki ke ulu mālie i loko o kekahi mau lā a i ʻole mau pule. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona , ​​​​pono ʻoe e hele koke i ka haukapila, ʻae?

  • He ʻeha poʻo pinepine a koʻikoʻi: ʻAʻole like kēia me ka ʻeha poʻo maʻamau, akā he ʻeha poʻo paha e lilo i mea ʻino i kēlā me kēia lā a ʻaʻole i hōʻoluʻolu ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
  • Huikau, paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana: Ua like ia me ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike, he paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo a hoʻomanaʻo i nā mea i maʻalahi ma mua. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e maopopo i ka mea a kekahi e ʻōlelo nei.
  • ʻO ka ʻeha, nāwaliwali, a i ʻole ka lolo ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino: Hiki i ka lima a i ʻole ka wāwae ke manaʻo he ʻeha, he ʻeha, a i ʻole he palaho loa.
  • Nā loli i ka manaʻo: Hiki ke loli ke ʻano o ka manaʻo o nā mea, e like me ka pā ʻana, ka wela, a me ke anu.
  • Nā pilikia ma ka ʻōlelo: Nā huaʻōlelo hūpō, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo i kāu mea e makemake ai e ʻōlelo, a i ʻole ka pilikia e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea a haʻi e ʻōlelo nei.
  • Nā loli o ka ʻike: ʻIke pōwehiwehi, ʻike pālua, a i ʻole ka nalowale hapa o ka ʻike.
  • Kuni: Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ke kuni no ka mea ua wela kou kino, no ka mea, he maʻi kēia.
  • Nā hopu ʻana: Hiki ke loaʻa kahi hopu ʻana i ka wā e nalowale koke ai ka ʻike a me nā haʻalulu.
  • Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi ʻana:Ke ʻūlū nei koʻu ʻōpū, makemake au e luaʻi.
  • ʻOʻoleʻa o ka ʻāʻī: He paʻakikī ke hoʻohuli i ka ʻāʻī, a he ʻoʻoleʻa hoʻi.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​mai manaʻo he mea maʻamau ia. E ʻike koke i ke kauka. No ka mea, inā ʻike mua ʻoe i kēia hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka lāʻau maikaʻi a hoʻōla.

No ke aha e ulu ai nā puʻupuʻu lolo e like me kēia?

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka pus i loko o ka lolo e like me kēia, he maʻi bacteria a fungal paha. Komo kēia mau germs i loko o ko kākou lolo. Pehea lā e hana ai kēlā?

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kēia ʻano:

  • Ma o ke koko: Inā he maʻi ma kahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino, no ka laʻana ma nā māmā a i ʻole ka puʻuwai, hiki i nā germs ke hele ma o ke koko a hiki i ka lolo.
  • Nā maʻi sinus: Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe nā pilikia sinus pinepine. Inā he maʻi koʻikoʻi i loko o nā sinus, hiki iā ia ke laha i ka lolo. Pēlā nō, hiki i nā maʻi pepeiao a me nā maʻi niho ke hoʻopilikia i ka lolo inā lilo lākou i mea koʻikoʻi.
  • Nā ʻeha poʻo: Ke paʻi ikaika ʻia ke poʻo, a i ʻole ua māwae ke poʻo, hiki i nā germs ke komo i ka lolo ma o ia mea.
  • Ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana: ʻOiai ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana o ka lolo, ʻoiai he mea kakaikahi loa, hiki ke loaʻa kahi maʻi a hiki ke ulu kahi puʻupuʻu e like me kēia.

ʻO Staphylococcus lāua ʻo Streptococcus nā ʻano bacteria ʻelua e hoʻoulu pinepine ai i kēia mau maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā ʻano bacteria ʻē aʻe ke hoʻoulu i kēia.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi?

ʻOiai hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa i kahi puʻupuʻu lolo e like me kēia, aia kekahi poʻe i kahi pilikia kiʻekiʻe iki. E nānā kākou iā lākou:

  • ʻO ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali: ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi HIV, a i ʻole ka poʻe nona ka hiki ke pale aku i nā maʻi ma muli o nā kumu ʻē aʻe, hiki ke loaʻa maʻalahi i ia mau maʻi.
  • Nā maʻi kanesa: Ua emi ka palekana ma muli o ke kanesa a me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kanesa (e.g., chemotherapy).
  • Nā kānaka me ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau: Hiki i nā kānaka me kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai ke hoʻopili maʻalahi i nā germs i ka lolo.
  • ʻO ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau immunosuppressant: ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me corticosteroids, i hāʻawi ʻia no nā maʻi e like me ka rheumatoid arthritis, a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma hope o nā hoʻoili kino, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pale ʻana.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e loaʻa maoli iā ʻoe kahi puʻupuʻu lolo, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke akahele iki ʻana ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā kūlana weliweli e hiki ke hana ma muli o kahi puʻupuʻu lolo?

Ua ʻōlelo mua wau he maʻi hoʻoweliweli kēia i ke ola . ʻO ke kumu o ia mea, ʻo ia nā pilikia e hiki ke kū mai. E nānā:

  • ʻEdema lolo: Hoʻonui ka puʻupuʻu i ke kaomi i loko o ka lolo a hoʻoulu i ka pehu o ka lolo. He mea weliweli loa kēia.
  • Ka haki ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu:Inā pahū koke kēlā cyst piha i ka pus, hiki i ka pus ke pālahalaha a puni ka lolo a hoʻonui i ke kūlana.
  • Meningitis: Hiki i ka maʻi ke pālahalaha i nā membrane e hoʻopuni ana i ka lolo, e hana ana i kahi maʻi weliweli i kapa ʻia ʻo meningitis.
  • Ka pōʻino o ka lolo: Hiki i ka puʻupuʻu ke hōʻino i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo, e hana ana i nā kīnā mau loa e like me ka hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo, hele, a nalowale ka hoʻomanaʻo.
  • Ka hana hou ʻana o nā cysts: I kekahi manawa, ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, hiki i kēia mau cysts ke hana hou.
  • Coma: Poho piha o ka ʻike a me ka hiki ke coma.

No laila he mea nui e ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai kēia mau hōʻailona.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i kēia?

Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo ka mea mua a ke kauka e hana ai ke hele ʻoe i ka haukapila, ʻo ia ke nānā pono iā ʻoe. Kāhea mākou i kēia he hoʻokolohua neurological. Hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻomaopopo inā ua piʻi ke kaomi i loko o kou iwi poʻo a inā ʻaʻole hana pono kou lolo.

A laila, pono e hana ʻia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hou aʻe e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona:

  • Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hana ʻia kahi "moʻomeheu koko" e nānā i nā germs i loko o ke koko. Hiki i ka "helu koko piha" ke hāʻawi i kahi hōʻailona e pili ana i kahi maʻi.
  • Nā scan: ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa.
  • MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan: Hiki i kēia ke ʻike maopopo i ka puʻupuʻu i loko o ka lolo, kona nui, a me kona wahi.
  • ʻO ke kiʻi CT `(Computed Tomography)` Scan: He hoʻāʻo nō hoʻi kēia e kiʻi i nā kiʻi o ka lolo. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia i kikoʻī e like me ka MRI, hiki ke hana koke ʻia i ka wā pilikia.
  • Hoʻāʻo EEG (Electroencephalogram): Ke ana kēia i ka hana uila o ka lolo. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā kūlana e like me nā hopu ʻana.

I kekahi manawa, hana ʻia kahi biopsy nila . ʻO ia hoʻi, me ke akahele loa, malia paha me ke kōkua o kahi scanner, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila i loko o ka puʻupuʻu i loko o ka lolo, a lawe ʻia kahi hāpana liʻiliʻi o ka pus mai laila mai a hoʻouna ʻia i ka hale hana. A laila hiki iā mākou ke ʻike pono i ke ʻano o ka germ e hoʻokumu nei. A laila hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono no ia.

He aha ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia?

He pilikia ka ʻōpū lolo e pono ai ka mālama koke ʻana. Aia kekahi mau koho lapaʻau:

1. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau:

ʻO ka mea mua e hana ai, ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i ka maʻi.

  • Nā lāʻau antibiotic a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau antifungal: Hāʻawi ʻia nā antibiotic inā he bacteria ke kumu o ka paila, a hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau antifungal inā he fungus. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano intravenous (IV) no kahi manawa lōʻihi, ma kahi o ʻehā a ʻewalu pule, a laila lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau waha no kahi manawa lōʻihi.
  • Diuretics: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka pehu ʻana i loko o ka lolo a wehe i ka wai keu mai ke kino.
  • Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antiseizure: Inā loaʻa nā hopu ʻana, hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi iā lākou.
  • Nā Steroid: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea e hōʻemi i ka pehu ʻana o ka lolo. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hāʻawi ʻia i nā kānaka a pau, no ka mea, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopilikia i ka kaohi ʻana o ka maʻi i kekahi manawa.

2. ʻOki kino:

I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole lawa ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō, a laila pono ke ʻoki ʻana.

  • Ke wehe ʻana i ke poʻo e wehe i ka puʻupuʻu a hoʻokahe paha i ka pus: Hana ke kauka lapaʻau i kahi puka liʻiliʻi ma ke poʻo a wehe i ka puʻupuʻu holoʻokoʻa a i ʻole kekahi o ka pus. Hoʻouna ʻia kahi laʻana o ka pus i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻoholo ai i ka bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi. A laila hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono.

3. Ka ʻume ʻana i ka nila:

Inā hohonu loa ka puʻupuʻu i loko o ka lolo, he paʻakikī ke hana i ke ʻoki kino nui. I ia mau hihia, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka MRI a i ʻole CT scan, nānā lākou iā ia a hoʻokomo pono i kahi nila i loko o ka puʻupuʻu a omo i kekahi o ka pus. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka nila e hoʻokomo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻēmi i ka puʻupuʻu.

I ka manawa hea e hoʻoholo ai nā kauka e kuhikuhi wale i ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

  • Inā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka puʻupuʻu ma mua o 2 kenimika.
  • Inā aia ka puʻupuʻu i loko o ka lolo.
  • Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka meningitis a i ʻole toxoplasmosis.
  • Inā he shunt kou i loko o kou lolo (hiki paha ke wehe a hoʻokomo i kahi mea hou).
  • Inā he ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi cyst (he mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia).

Āhea e pono ai ke ʻoki kino?

  • Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu ma mua o 2 kenimika.
  • Inā e hoʻomau ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi i loko o ka lolo.
  • Inā ʻaʻole e pohā ka cyst ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o nā antibiotics a i ʻole antifungals.
  • Inā he kinoea i loko o ka hua, kahi i hana ʻia e kekahi mau ʻano bacteria.
  • Inā he kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia o ka pahū ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu (rupture).

Hana ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau a pau ma ka haukapila. Pono ʻoe e noho ma ka haukapila no kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ʻike ai inā ua ho'ōla loa ʻia ka puʻupuʻu a inā he mau pilikia ʻē aʻe. I kekahi mau hihia koʻikoʻi, pono paha ke kākoʻo ola.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e ola ai? E ola loa anei?

He mea weliweli kēia ke lohe. Akā inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona i ka wā mua a hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, he mea make kēia.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ho'ōla piha. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa, ma muli o kahi o ka puʻupuʻu, kona nui, a me ka pōʻino i hana ʻia, hiki ke kū mai nā pilikia lōʻihi. No ka laʻana, nā hopu ʻana, ka paʻakikī i ka hele ʻana, ka paʻakikī i ka ʻōlelo ʻana, ka nalowale o ka hoʻomanaʻo, a i ʻole nā ​​loli o ke ʻano. I ia mau hihia, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻōla ke kōkua i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i kekahi o nā hiki i nalowale.

No laila, ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o kou hoʻōla piha ʻana a i ʻole ʻaʻole paha mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka, akā he mea nui e hoʻomau i ka manaʻolana.

He aha nā manawa kūpono e hoʻopakele ai i nā ola?

He moʻolelo koʻikoʻi kēia. Ma waena o 10% a me 30% o ka poʻe i loaʻa i nā puʻupuʻu lolo e make ana. ʻO ia hoʻi, inā loaʻa i nā kānaka he ʻumi, e make paha kekahi a ʻekolu paha. Akā inā ʻike mua ʻia ka maʻi a mālama koke ʻia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa e ola ai.

ʻAʻole anei hiki ke pale ʻia kekahi mea e like me kēia?

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale loa i nā ʻōpū lolo a pau, akā aia nā mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e hōʻemi i ko mākou pilikia:

  • E pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi: E mālama i kou hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻOiai inā he ʻeha kou a i ʻole ua hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino, e holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa ma mua o ka hoʻopā ʻana i kēlā mau wahi. E mālama i kēlā mau wahi i maʻemaʻe.
  • E hoʻohana i nā lāʻau antibiotic i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka no ka manawa kūpono a ma ke ʻano kūpono: I kekahi manawa, ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic e pale aku i ka maʻi ma mua o nā mea e like me ka unuhi ʻana i nā niho. E lawe pololei iā lākou i ka manawa kūpono.
  • E ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi maʻi: ʻOiai inā he kuni iki, he anu, a he ʻeha pepeiao paha, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia a manaʻo, "Ua maikaʻi." E ʻike i ke kauka a loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kou kali ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā pilikia.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ke kino.

Āhea ʻoe e ʻike ai i ke kauka? Āhea ʻoe e hele ai i kahi lumi pilikia?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me ke kuni a me ka pehu ʻana, e ʻike i ke kauka. Mai hoʻokaʻulua.

Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā hōʻailona o kahi puʻupuʻu lolo aʻu i wehewehe ai ma mua (ʻeha poʻo nui, huikau, nalowale o ka ʻike, hopu ʻana), e kelepona koke i ka 911, a i ʻole e hele i ka keʻena pilikia o ka haukapila kokoke loa. He mea kēia ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopaneʻe ʻia.

He aha nā nīnau āu e nīnau ai i ke kauka?

He mea maʻamau iā ʻoe a me kou ʻohana ke hopohopo nui a me ka makaʻu i kahi pilikia e like me kēia. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe i loaʻa ka manawa e hoʻomaopopo pono ai i ka mea e hana nei ke hoʻomaka ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka i kēia mau nīnau i ka wā hikiwawe loa:

  • "No ke aha i loaʻa ai iaʻu kēia puʻupuʻu, e ke kauka?"
  • "He aha ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa iaʻu?"
  • "Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau?"
  • "Ua hiki anei i kēia puʻupuʻu ke hōʻeha mau loa i ka lolo?"
  • "Pehea lā wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka haukapila?"

E hana ana kāu hui lapaʻau i kā lākou mea maikaʻi loa e mālama iā ʻoe. Mai makaʻu e nīnau iā lākou i nā nīnau a hopohopo paha āu e loaʻa ai. He mea nui iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea āpau e pili ana i nā mea e hana nei, nā mea e hiki mai ana, a me nā mea e manaʻo ai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

No laila, he aha nā mea nui e pono ai kākou e hoʻomanaʻo mai kēia moʻolelo?

He mea weliweli loa ka ʻōpū o ka lolo a he mea hoʻoweliweli paha i ke ola, no laila he mea nui e makaʻala i kēia.

  • E hoʻomaopopo i nā hōʻailona: Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ke poʻo ʻeha nui a mau, ke kuni, ka huikau, ka nalowale o ka ʻike, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​hōʻailona, ​​​​e hele koke i ka haukapila.
  • Mai hoʻopaneʻe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau: ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kou manawa e hoʻōla ai.
  • E makaʻala i nā maʻi: Mai hoʻowahāwahā i kahi maʻi liʻiliʻi a e mālama ʻia. E noho maʻemaʻe.
  • E hoʻolohe i ka ʻōlelo a ke kauka: E lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha, a e hahai i nā kuhikuhi.

Manaʻolana wau he mea pono kēia ʻike iā ʻoe. Makemake mākou i ke olakino maikaʻi no ʻoukou a pau!


ʻO ka puʻupuʻu lolo, ka ʻōpū lolo, ka maʻi lolo, ka ʻōpū lolo, ka ʻeha poʻo, ka hopu ʻana, ke ʻoki lolo

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.

Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo

E ʻoluʻolu e helu: 6 + 9 =
Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu weliweli e ulu ana i loko o ka lolo? (Brain Abscess)
Nā hōʻailona5 Iulai 2026

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu weliweli e ulu ana i loko o ka lolo? (Brain Abscess)

Ua manaʻo paha ʻoe i loko o kou poʻo, ʻo ia hoʻi, i loko o kou lolo, kahi mea e like me ka pimple i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria, akā ma ke ʻano ʻoi aku ka weliweli, hiki iā ia ke hōʻiliʻili i ka pus a hana i kahi puʻupuʻu? He leo ʻē ia, ʻeā? Akā, he mea maoli kēia. Kāhea mākou i kēia he abscess o ka lolo. ʻAʻole kēia he pāʻani, a inā ʻaʻole e mālama koke ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka abscess o ka lolo he puʻupuʻu i hana ʻia i loko o kou lolo mai ka pus, nā cell make, a me nā germs. Ua like ia me kahi ʻeha e pehu ana i kahi o ko mākou kino, akā hana kēia i loko o ka lolo. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, kekahi germ, hiki ke bacteria, a i ʻole he fungi, ke komo i loko o ka lolo, ke kaua nei ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino iā ia. ʻO nā germs e make ana i kēia hakakā, ʻo kā mākou mau cell ponoʻī, hui pū kēia mau mea a pau e hana i kēia puʻupuʻu pus. A laila hana ka ʻiʻo lolo i kahi pā a puni kēia puʻupuʻu pus, ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he abscess.

I ka ulu ʻana o kēia puʻupuʻu, piʻi aʻe ke kaomi i loko o ka lolo. He ʻōkana palupalu loa ka lolo, no laila he paʻakikī ke kū i kēia ʻano kaomi. He pilikia olakino kēia a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia. Ua lohe paha ʻoe ua kapa pinepine nā kauka i kēia he abscess cerebral.

Akā, ʻaʻole kēia he mea maʻamau loa. ʻOiai ma kahi ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika, he kakaikahi loa nā hōʻike i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, inā hiki i kekahi, pono ʻoe e makaʻala loa.

No laila he aha nā hōʻailona o kahi puʻupuʻu lolo?

Ke ulu aʻe kahi puʻupuʻu lolo e like me kēia, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā ʻano hōʻailona like ʻole. No kekahi poʻe, hiki ke ʻike koke ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​akā no kekahi poʻe, hiki ke ulu mālie i loko o kekahi mau lā a i ʻole mau pule. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona , ​​​​pono ʻoe e hele koke i ka haukapila, ʻae?

  • He ʻeha poʻo pinepine a koʻikoʻi: ʻAʻole like kēia me ka ʻeha poʻo maʻamau, akā he ʻeha poʻo paha e lilo i mea ʻino i kēlā me kēia lā a ʻaʻole i hōʻoluʻolu ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
  • Huikau, paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana: Ua like ia me ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike, he paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo a hoʻomanaʻo i nā mea i maʻalahi ma mua. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e maopopo i ka mea a kekahi e ʻōlelo nei.
  • ʻO ka ʻeha, nāwaliwali, a i ʻole ka lolo ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino: Hiki i ka lima a i ʻole ka wāwae ke manaʻo he ʻeha, he ʻeha, a i ʻole he palaho loa.
  • Nā loli i ka manaʻo: Hiki ke loli ke ʻano o ka manaʻo o nā mea, e like me ka pā ʻana, ka wela, a me ke anu.
  • Nā pilikia ma ka ʻōlelo: Nā huaʻōlelo hūpō, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo i kāu mea e makemake ai e ʻōlelo, a i ʻole ka pilikia e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea a haʻi e ʻōlelo nei.
  • Nā loli o ka ʻike: ʻIke pōwehiwehi, ʻike pālua, a i ʻole ka nalowale hapa o ka ʻike.
  • Kuni: Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ke kuni no ka mea ua wela kou kino, no ka mea, he maʻi kēia.
  • Nā hopu ʻana: Hiki ke loaʻa kahi hopu ʻana i ka wā e nalowale koke ai ka ʻike a me nā haʻalulu.
  • Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi ʻana:Ke ʻūlū nei koʻu ʻōpū, makemake au e luaʻi.
  • ʻOʻoleʻa o ka ʻāʻī: He paʻakikī ke hoʻohuli i ka ʻāʻī, a he ʻoʻoleʻa hoʻi.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​mai manaʻo he mea maʻamau ia. E ʻike koke i ke kauka. No ka mea, inā ʻike mua ʻoe i kēia hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka lāʻau maikaʻi a hoʻōla.

No ke aha e ulu ai nā puʻupuʻu lolo e like me kēia?

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka pus i loko o ka lolo e like me kēia, he maʻi bacteria a fungal paha. Komo kēia mau germs i loko o ko kākou lolo. Pehea lā e hana ai kēlā?

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kēia ʻano:

  • Ma o ke koko: Inā he maʻi ma kahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino, no ka laʻana ma nā māmā a i ʻole ka puʻuwai, hiki i nā germs ke hele ma o ke koko a hiki i ka lolo.
  • Nā maʻi sinus: Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe nā pilikia sinus pinepine. Inā he maʻi koʻikoʻi i loko o nā sinus, hiki iā ia ke laha i ka lolo. Pēlā nō, hiki i nā maʻi pepeiao a me nā maʻi niho ke hoʻopilikia i ka lolo inā lilo lākou i mea koʻikoʻi.
  • Nā ʻeha poʻo: Ke paʻi ikaika ʻia ke poʻo, a i ʻole ua māwae ke poʻo, hiki i nā germs ke komo i ka lolo ma o ia mea.
  • Ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana: ʻOiai ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana o ka lolo, ʻoiai he mea kakaikahi loa, hiki ke loaʻa kahi maʻi a hiki ke ulu kahi puʻupuʻu e like me kēia.

ʻO Staphylococcus lāua ʻo Streptococcus nā ʻano bacteria ʻelua e hoʻoulu pinepine ai i kēia mau maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā ʻano bacteria ʻē aʻe ke hoʻoulu i kēia.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi?

ʻOiai hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa i kahi puʻupuʻu lolo e like me kēia, aia kekahi poʻe i kahi pilikia kiʻekiʻe iki. E nānā kākou iā lākou:

  • ʻO ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale kino nāwaliwali: ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi HIV, a i ʻole ka poʻe nona ka hiki ke pale aku i nā maʻi ma muli o nā kumu ʻē aʻe, hiki ke loaʻa maʻalahi i ia mau maʻi.
  • Nā maʻi kanesa: Ua emi ka palekana ma muli o ke kanesa a me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ke kanesa (e.g., chemotherapy).
  • Nā kānaka me ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau: Hiki i nā kānaka me kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai ke hoʻopili maʻalahi i nā germs i ka lolo.
  • ʻO ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau immunosuppressant: ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me corticosteroids, i hāʻawi ʻia no nā maʻi e like me ka rheumatoid arthritis, a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma hope o nā hoʻoili kino, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pale ʻana.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau mea pilikia ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e loaʻa maoli iā ʻoe kahi puʻupuʻu lolo, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke akahele iki ʻana ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā kūlana weliweli e hiki ke hana ma muli o kahi puʻupuʻu lolo?

Ua ʻōlelo mua wau he maʻi hoʻoweliweli kēia i ke ola . ʻO ke kumu o ia mea, ʻo ia nā pilikia e hiki ke kū mai. E nānā:

  • ʻEdema lolo: Hoʻonui ka puʻupuʻu i ke kaomi i loko o ka lolo a hoʻoulu i ka pehu o ka lolo. He mea weliweli loa kēia.
  • Ka haki ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu:Inā pahū koke kēlā cyst piha i ka pus, hiki i ka pus ke pālahalaha a puni ka lolo a hoʻonui i ke kūlana.
  • Meningitis: Hiki i ka maʻi ke pālahalaha i nā membrane e hoʻopuni ana i ka lolo, e hana ana i kahi maʻi weliweli i kapa ʻia ʻo meningitis.
  • Ka pōʻino o ka lolo: Hiki i ka puʻupuʻu ke hōʻino i nā ʻāpana o ka lolo, e hana ana i nā kīnā mau loa e like me ka hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo, hele, a nalowale ka hoʻomanaʻo.
  • Ka hana hou ʻana o nā cysts: I kekahi manawa, ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, hiki i kēia mau cysts ke hana hou.
  • Coma: Poho piha o ka ʻike a me ka hiki ke coma.

No laila he mea nui e ʻimi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai kēia mau hōʻailona.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i kēia?

Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo ka mea mua a ke kauka e hana ai ke hele ʻoe i ka haukapila, ʻo ia ke nānā pono iā ʻoe. Kāhea mākou i kēia he hoʻokolohua neurological. Hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻomaopopo inā ua piʻi ke kaomi i loko o kou iwi poʻo a inā ʻaʻole hana pono kou lolo.

A laila, pono e hana ʻia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hou aʻe e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona:

  • Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hana ʻia kahi "moʻomeheu koko" e nānā i nā germs i loko o ke koko. Hiki i ka "helu koko piha" ke hāʻawi i kahi hōʻailona e pili ana i kahi maʻi.
  • Nā scan: ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa.
  • MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan: Hiki i kēia ke ʻike maopopo i ka puʻupuʻu i loko o ka lolo, kona nui, a me kona wahi.
  • ʻO ke kiʻi CT `(Computed Tomography)` Scan: He hoʻāʻo nō hoʻi kēia e kiʻi i nā kiʻi o ka lolo. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia i kikoʻī e like me ka MRI, hiki ke hana koke ʻia i ka wā pilikia.
  • Hoʻāʻo EEG (Electroencephalogram): Ke ana kēia i ka hana uila o ka lolo. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā kūlana e like me nā hopu ʻana.

I kekahi manawa, hana ʻia kahi biopsy nila . ʻO ia hoʻi, me ke akahele loa, malia paha me ke kōkua o kahi scanner, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila i loko o ka puʻupuʻu i loko o ka lolo, a lawe ʻia kahi hāpana liʻiliʻi o ka pus mai laila mai a hoʻouna ʻia i ka hale hana. A laila hiki iā mākou ke ʻike pono i ke ʻano o ka germ e hoʻokumu nei. A laila hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono no ia.

He aha ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia?

He pilikia ka ʻōpū lolo e pono ai ka mālama koke ʻana. Aia kekahi mau koho lapaʻau:

1. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau:

ʻO ka mea mua e hana ai, ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i ka maʻi.

  • Nā lāʻau antibiotic a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau antifungal: Hāʻawi ʻia nā antibiotic inā he bacteria ke kumu o ka paila, a hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau antifungal inā he fungus. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano intravenous (IV) no kahi manawa lōʻihi, ma kahi o ʻehā a ʻewalu pule, a laila lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau waha no kahi manawa lōʻihi.
  • Diuretics: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka pehu ʻana i loko o ka lolo a wehe i ka wai keu mai ke kino.
  • Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antiseizure: Inā loaʻa nā hopu ʻana, hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi iā lākou.
  • Nā Steroid: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea e hōʻemi i ka pehu ʻana o ka lolo. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hāʻawi ʻia i nā kānaka a pau, no ka mea, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopilikia i ka kaohi ʻana o ka maʻi i kekahi manawa.

2. ʻOki kino:

I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole lawa ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō, a laila pono ke ʻoki ʻana.

  • Ke wehe ʻana i ke poʻo e wehe i ka puʻupuʻu a hoʻokahe paha i ka pus: Hana ke kauka lapaʻau i kahi puka liʻiliʻi ma ke poʻo a wehe i ka puʻupuʻu holoʻokoʻa a i ʻole kekahi o ka pus. Hoʻouna ʻia kahi laʻana o ka pus i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻoholo ai i ka bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi. A laila hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono.

3. Ka ʻume ʻana i ka nila:

Inā hohonu loa ka puʻupuʻu i loko o ka lolo, he paʻakikī ke hana i ke ʻoki kino nui. I ia mau hihia, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka MRI a i ʻole CT scan, nānā lākou iā ia a hoʻokomo pono i kahi nila i loko o ka puʻupuʻu a omo i kekahi o ka pus. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka nila e hoʻokomo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻēmi i ka puʻupuʻu.

I ka manawa hea e hoʻoholo ai nā kauka e kuhikuhi wale i ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

  • Inā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka puʻupuʻu ma mua o 2 kenimika.
  • Inā aia ka puʻupuʻu i loko o ka lolo.
  • Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka meningitis a i ʻole toxoplasmosis.
  • Inā he shunt kou i loko o kou lolo (hiki paha ke wehe a hoʻokomo i kahi mea hou).
  • Inā he ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi cyst (he mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia).

Āhea e pono ai ke ʻoki kino?

  • Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu ma mua o 2 kenimika.
  • Inā e hoʻomau ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi i loko o ka lolo.
  • Inā ʻaʻole e pohā ka cyst ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o nā antibiotics a i ʻole antifungals.
  • Inā he kinoea i loko o ka hua, kahi i hana ʻia e kekahi mau ʻano bacteria.
  • Inā he kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia o ka pahū ʻana o ka puʻupuʻu (rupture).

Hana ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau a pau ma ka haukapila. Pono ʻoe e noho ma ka haukapila no kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ʻike ai inā ua ho'ōla loa ʻia ka puʻupuʻu a inā he mau pilikia ʻē aʻe. I kekahi mau hihia koʻikoʻi, pono paha ke kākoʻo ola.

Pehea ka lōʻihi e ola ai? E ola loa anei?

He mea weliweli kēia ke lohe. Akā inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona i ka wā mua a hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, he mea make kēia.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ho'ōla piha. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa, ma muli o kahi o ka puʻupuʻu, kona nui, a me ka pōʻino i hana ʻia, hiki ke kū mai nā pilikia lōʻihi. No ka laʻana, nā hopu ʻana, ka paʻakikī i ka hele ʻana, ka paʻakikī i ka ʻōlelo ʻana, ka nalowale o ka hoʻomanaʻo, a i ʻole nā ​​loli o ke ʻano. I ia mau hihia, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻōla ke kōkua i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i kekahi o nā hiki i nalowale.

No laila, ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o kou hoʻōla piha ʻana a i ʻole ʻaʻole paha mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka, akā he mea nui e hoʻomau i ka manaʻolana.

He aha nā manawa kūpono e hoʻopakele ai i nā ola?

He moʻolelo koʻikoʻi kēia. Ma waena o 10% a me 30% o ka poʻe i loaʻa i nā puʻupuʻu lolo e make ana. ʻO ia hoʻi, inā loaʻa i nā kānaka he ʻumi, e make paha kekahi a ʻekolu paha. Akā inā ʻike mua ʻia ka maʻi a mālama koke ʻia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa e ola ai.

ʻAʻole anei hiki ke pale ʻia kekahi mea e like me kēia?

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale loa i nā ʻōpū lolo a pau, akā aia nā mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e hōʻemi i ko mākou pilikia:

  • E pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi: E mālama i kou hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻOiai inā he ʻeha kou a i ʻole ua hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino, e holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa ma mua o ka hoʻopā ʻana i kēlā mau wahi. E mālama i kēlā mau wahi i maʻemaʻe.
  • E hoʻohana i nā lāʻau antibiotic i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka no ka manawa kūpono a ma ke ʻano kūpono: I kekahi manawa, ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic e pale aku i ka maʻi ma mua o nā mea e like me ka unuhi ʻana i nā niho. E lawe pololei iā lākou i ka manawa kūpono.
  • E ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi maʻi: ʻOiai inā he kuni iki, he anu, a he ʻeha pepeiao paha, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia a manaʻo, "Ua maikaʻi." E ʻike i ke kauka a loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kou kali ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā pilikia.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ke kino.

Āhea ʻoe e ʻike ai i ke kauka? Āhea ʻoe e hele ai i kahi lumi pilikia?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e like me ke kuni a me ka pehu ʻana, e ʻike i ke kauka. Mai hoʻokaʻulua.

Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā hōʻailona o kahi puʻupuʻu lolo aʻu i wehewehe ai ma mua (ʻeha poʻo nui, huikau, nalowale o ka ʻike, hopu ʻana), e kelepona koke i ka 911, a i ʻole e hele i ka keʻena pilikia o ka haukapila kokoke loa. He mea kēia ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopaneʻe ʻia.

He aha nā nīnau āu e nīnau ai i ke kauka?

He mea maʻamau iā ʻoe a me kou ʻohana ke hopohopo nui a me ka makaʻu i kahi pilikia e like me kēia. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe i loaʻa ka manawa e hoʻomaopopo pono ai i ka mea e hana nei ke hoʻomaka ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka i kēia mau nīnau i ka wā hikiwawe loa:

  • "No ke aha i loaʻa ai iaʻu kēia puʻupuʻu, e ke kauka?"
  • "He aha ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa iaʻu?"
  • "Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau?"
  • "Ua hiki anei i kēia puʻupuʻu ke hōʻeha mau loa i ka lolo?"
  • "Pehea lā wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka haukapila?"

E hana ana kāu hui lapaʻau i kā lākou mea maikaʻi loa e mālama iā ʻoe. Mai makaʻu e nīnau iā lākou i nā nīnau a hopohopo paha āu e loaʻa ai. He mea nui iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea āpau e pili ana i nā mea e hana nei, nā mea e hiki mai ana, a me nā mea e manaʻo ai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

No laila, he aha nā mea nui e pono ai kākou e hoʻomanaʻo mai kēia moʻolelo?

He mea weliweli loa ka ʻōpū o ka lolo a he mea hoʻoweliweli paha i ke ola, no laila he mea nui e makaʻala i kēia.

  • E hoʻomaopopo i nā hōʻailona: Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ke poʻo ʻeha nui a mau, ke kuni, ka huikau, ka nalowale o ka ʻike, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​hōʻailona, ​​​​e hele koke i ka haukapila.
  • Mai hoʻopaneʻe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau: ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kou manawa e hoʻōla ai.
  • E makaʻala i nā maʻi: Mai hoʻowahāwahā i kahi maʻi liʻiliʻi a e mālama ʻia. E noho maʻemaʻe.
  • E hoʻolohe i ka ʻōlelo a ke kauka: E lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha, a e hahai i nā kuhikuhi.

Manaʻolana wau he mea pono kēia ʻike iā ʻoe. Makemake mākou i ke olakino maikaʻi no ʻoukou a pau!


ʻO ka puʻupuʻu lolo, ka ʻōpū lolo, ka maʻi lolo, ka ʻōpū lolo, ka ʻeha poʻo, ka hopu ʻana, ke ʻoki lolo

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.

Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo

E ʻoluʻolu e helu: 6 + 9 =