Ke nānā aku nei anei nā maka o kāu pēpē i ka nui? He buphthalmos paha ia? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia!

Ke nānā ʻoe i nā maka o kāu keiki liʻiliʻi, ua ʻike anei ʻoe he ʻano nui iki kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​maka ʻelua ma mua o kekahi? A i ʻole, ke ʻike nei ʻoe e ulu mālie ana nā maka o ka pēpē i ka hala ʻana o nā mahina? I kekahi manawa he hōʻailona kēia o kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo Buphthalmos . Mai hopohopo, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā mea āpau i kēia lā.

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ke ʻano o Buphthalmos?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka buphthalmos kahi kūlana i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maka o kahi pēpē a i ʻole nā ​​​​maka ʻelua ma mua o ka maʻamau, i ka wā hānau a i ʻole i loko o nā mahina mua o ke ola. He kūlana hānau kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi, aia ia mai ka wā hānau. Loaʻa paha i kekahi mau pēpē kēia hoʻonui ʻana ma hoʻokahi maka wale nō (unilateral), aʻo kekahi poʻe e loaʻa paha ma nā maka ʻelua (bilateral).

E noʻonoʻo, penei i puka mai ai ka inoa "buphthalmos". Ma ka ʻōlelo Helene, ʻo "bu" ke ʻano o ka bipi wahine, a ʻo "ophthalmos" ke ʻano o ka maka. No laila ua loaʻa kona inoa no ka mea he mau maka nui kona e like me ka bipi wahine. ʻO ke kauka Helene kahiko ʻo Hippocrates ka mea mua i ʻike i kēia maʻi.

He ʻano maʻi hoʻoilina autosomal recessive kēia. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, no ke keiki e loaʻa i kēia ʻano, pono i ke keiki ke loaʻa i ka gene i hoʻopilikia ʻia mai nā mākua ʻelua. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka lotiri. Loaʻa paha i nā mākua ʻelua ka gene, akā ʻaʻole paha lākou i ʻike. Ma ka awelika, hoʻokahi o nā keiki ʻehā o ia mau kāne a me nā wahine e loaʻa i kēia ʻano.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano?

He maʻi laha ʻole ʻo Buphthalmos. Loaʻa ia ma kahi o hoʻokahi i loko o 30,000 mau hānau ʻana . Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i nā kāne ʻelua. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe ma kekahi mau wahi, e like me Slovakia, Saudi Arabia, a me ka hema o India, i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke ʻano.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka buphthalmos?

ʻO ka hōʻailona maopopo loa o kahi pēpē hānau hou a i ʻole he pēpē i kekahi mau mahina, ʻo ia ka nui o ko lākou mau maka. Hiki ke nui kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​maka ʻelua. Ma muli o ke kumu o kēia, hiki i kāu pēpē ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Ke kahe mau nei nā waimaka mai nā maka mai, ua ʻulaʻula nā maka, a ua pulu mau nā maka i nā mea ʻē .
• ʻIke i ka mālamalama (photophobia) . ʻO ke ʻano kēia ʻaʻole makemake ka pēpē e nānā i ke kukui, pani i kona mau maka, a i ʻole e hopohopo.
• ʻO ka pinepine o ka ʻimo ʻana, a i ʻole ka manaʻo o ka ʻimo ʻana.
• ʻO ka cornea , ka ʻāpana maopopo o ka maka, ke ʻano ao, me he mea lā ua uhi ʻia i ka noe.
• Hoʻolōʻihi ke kornea, lahilahi, a i kekahi manawa lilo i mau kaha .

Inā loaʻa i kāu pēpē kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka.

No ke aha lā kēia e hana nei i kā mākou pēpē? He aha nā kumu?

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka buphthalmos he ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo primary congenital glaucoma a i ʻole primary infantile glaucoma . Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka glaucoma. Hoʻopōʻino ka Glaucoma i ke aʻalolo optic i loko o ka maka, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale o ka ʻike. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia e hana ʻia kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole kahe pono kahi ʻano wai i hana ʻia i loko o ka maka, e hana ana i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ke kaomi i loko o ka maka (intraocular pressure a i ʻole IOP) .

• ʻO ka glaucoma hānau mua ka glaucoma e hoʻomaka ana mai ka wā hānau.
• ʻO ka glaucoma mua o nā pēpē, ʻo ia ka glaucoma e hoʻomaka ana ma waena o ka hānau ʻana a me ʻekolu makahiki.

Ma waho aʻe o kēia kumu nui, hiki i ka buphthalmos ke loaʻa ma muli o kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe:

• Aniridia: He ʻano laha ʻole kēia. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka nele piha a hapa paha o ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi ka iris . Hiki iā Aniridia ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻike.
• ʻAno Neurofibromatosis 1: He ʻano hoʻoilina kēia. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā puʻupuʻu ma nā aʻalolo, hiki ke hana i nā pilikia maka.
• ʻO ka maʻi Sturge-Weber: He maʻi hoʻoilina nō hoʻi kēia. Hoʻoulu ia i nā kīʻaha koko e ulu nui, e hana ana i nā puʻupuʻu i kapa ʻia ʻo angiomas . Hiki i kēia maʻi ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻili, ka lolo, a me nā maka.
• ʻEha hānau: Inā ua hōʻino ʻia nā maka o ka pēpē i ka wā hānau, hiki i kēlā ke kumu.

He aha nā ʻano hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia e ʻike ai i kēia?

ʻO nā mākua ka poʻe mua e ʻike i kahi loli i nā maka o kā lākou keiki. Inā manaʻo ʻoe he hewa kekahi mea me ka ʻike o kāu keiki, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau . E kuhikuhi paha kāu kauka keiki iā ʻoe i kahi loea mālama maka.

He mea nui loa kēia i nā kūlana e like me ka buphthalmos a me ka glaucoma congenital, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mālama mua ʻana i ka ʻike o ke keiki .

No ka hoʻomaopopo pololei ʻana i ka buphthalmos, pono paha ke kauka e kau i ke keiki ma lalo o ka anesthesia a hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua, e like me:

• He hoʻokolokolo maka piha: E ʻae kēia i ke kauka e nānā no kekahi ao, ʻeha, a pehu paha o ka cornea. E ana pū lākou i ka maka a nānā no ke kīʻaha ʻana o ka disc optic, kahi e puka ai ke aʻalolo optic mai ka maka.
• Retinoscopy: Hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke ʻike i ke kauka inā loaʻa i ke keikiAia kekahi mau hewa refractive, e like me ka myopia (nearsightedness)?
• Gonioscopy: Nānā kēia hoʻāʻo inā e hana pono ana ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokahe wai o ka maka. Hoʻopuka a hoʻokahe pinepine nā maka olakino i ka wai. I ka glaucoma, ʻaʻole e kahe pono kēia wai a hōʻiliʻili, e hoʻonui ana i ke kaomi a hōʻino i ke aʻalolo optic.
• ʻO ka biomicroscopy ultrasound: He hoʻāʻo ʻeha ʻole kēia. Hiki iā ia ke kiʻi i nā kiʻi maopopo o ke alo o ka maka a hiki ke ʻike i nā pilikia me ka hoʻokahe wai. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī ma mua o ka ultrasound maʻamau (sonogram).

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no Buphthalmos?

I ka mālama ʻana i ka buphthalmos, he mea nui loa ia e kāohi i ke kaomi i loko o ka maka (kaomi maka) . Nui nā ala e hōʻemi ai i kēia kaomi. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau kekahi o lākou.

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā kulu maka a i ʻole nā ​​mea topical no kēia kumu. Loaʻa i loko o kēia mau mea nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā beta blockers , prostaglandin analogs , a i ʻole carbonic anhydrase inhibitors .

Aia kekahi mau hana ʻoki e hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻokahe ʻana i ka wai i loko o ka maka a hoʻemi i ke kaomi:

• Ke kau ʻana i nā implants liʻiliʻi i loko o ka maka.
• Ke hana ʻana i nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi i nā ʻano o ka maka.
• Ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻiʻo mai ka maka.

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, inā loaʻa i kāu keiki ka buphthalmos, loaʻa paha iā ia nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e pono ai ka mālama ʻana (e like me ka neurofibromatosis type 1, Sturge-Weber syndrome, a i ʻole aniridia). E mālama pū ke kauka i kēlā mau kūlana.

Aia kekahi ala e pale aku ai i kēia?

ʻAʻohe ala e pale aku ai i ka buphthalmos, akā ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ke kūlana i ka wā mua o ke ola o kahi keiki a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā mua e hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā hopena koʻikoʻi .

He aha ka mea e hana inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka buphthalmos? He aha kāu e manaʻo ai?

ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, he maʻi hiki ke mālama ʻia ka buphthalmos. I mea e pale ai i ka nalowale o ka ʻike, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano i ka wā hikiwawe loa.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke mālama i kaʻu keiki ma kēia kūlana?

He mea nui i nā kānaka a pau ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau. He mea nui loa kēia no kekahi kanaka me ka maʻi maka hānau ʻia. E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā loli i ka ʻike o kāu keiki a me ka manawa e pono ai lākou e ʻike i ke kauka.

Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau hoʻokolohua, e hana i nā mea āpau e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mālama i nā maka olakino. He mea nui kēia mau mea no ke olakino maikaʻi o ka maka:

• Ka ʻai olakino a me ka inu ʻana i ka wai lawa.
• Ka lawa ʻana o ka hiamoe a me ke komo ʻana i ka hana kino .
• E komo i nā aniani pale i ka wā e hana ana, e pāʻani ana i nā haʻuki, a i ka wā e hana ana.
• E pale i ka puhipaka (pili nō hoʻi kēia i nā mākua a puni ke keiki).

He mea nui loa ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino o nā maka o ke keiki mai nā lā mua o ke ola a hiki i ka wā makua. He ʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia no nā maʻi maka e hoʻomaka ana i ka wā hānau a i ʻole i nā mahina mua o ke ola. Inā he kānalua kou a ʻike paha i kekahi mau loli i ka ʻike o kāu keiki, e ʻike koke i ke kauka.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

Inā ʻike ʻia nā maka o kāu pēpē he nui loa, he buphthalmos paha ia. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia kēia me ka glaucoma hānau .

• Mai hopohopo , he maʻi hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia.
• ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā ala maikaʻi loa e pale ai i ka ʻike o ke keiki.
• Inā he kānalua iki kou, e ʻike koke aku i kahi ophthalmologist .
• He mea nui e hahai i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ke kauka a hele i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻomau mau .

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi. Ua mākaukau nā kauka a me nā limahana olakino e kōkua iā ʻoe a me kāu pēpē.

buphthalmos , glaucoma pēpē, glaucoma hānau, hoʻonui maka, kaomi maka, aʻalolo optic, cornea