Ke nalowale nei ʻoe i ka pigment i loko o kou mau maka? (Pigment Dispersion Syndrome) - Hiki paha kēia ke kumu o ka glaucoma (Pigmentary Glaucoma)?

Ua manaʻo paha ʻoe e hiki i nā mea liʻiliʻi ke hemo i loko o kou mau maka a hoʻoulu i nā pilikia? ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki i nā ʻāpana pigment i loko o ko kākou mau maka ke hemo i kekahi manawa a ālai i nā ala no ke kahe ʻana o ka wai i loko o ka maka. Ke hana ʻia kēia, piʻi ke kaomi i loko o ka maka, hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi maʻi weliweli i kapa ʻia ʻo glaucoma . I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kekahi o ia ʻano maʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) a me ka Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) hiki ke hopena mai ia mea.

He aha nā maʻi hoʻolaha pigment (PDS) a me ka glaucoma pigmentary (PG)?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻelua mau hihia kēia o ka maʻi like. ʻO ka Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) ka wā e haki ai ka pigment i loko o kou iris , ka mea e hāʻawi ai i kou mau maka i ko lākou kala, i mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a hoʻomaka e lana i loko o ke kahe i loko o kou maka. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka pena e ʻili ana mai kahi ʻāpana lāʻau kahiko.

Inā hoʻomau kēia kūlana o PDS no ka manawa lōʻihi, malia paha he mau makahiki a he mau makahiki paha, hiki iā ia ke ulu i loko o kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo pigmentary glaucoma (PG) . ʻAʻole nā ​​​​kānaka āpau me PDS e loaʻa iā PG . Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka lōʻihi o kou loaʻa ʻana o PDS , ʻoi aku ka nui o kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o PG .

Pehea e alakaʻi ai ka pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) i ka glaucoma?

I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia, pono mua mākou e ʻike iki e pili ana i ka mea e hana ʻia ana i loko o ka maka. ʻO ka iris o kou maka he ʻiʻo pālahalaha, ʻano apo i loaʻa kahi pigment i kapa ʻia ʻo melanin , ka mea e hāʻawi i kou maka i kona kala. Loaʻa i kēia iris ʻelua mau hakahaka ma mua a ma hope. Ua piha kēia mau hakahaka me kahi wai i kapa ʻia he aqueous humor . ʻO ke kaomi o kēia wai ka mea e mālama ai i ka maka poepoe.

Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka PDS , ʻaʻole hiki i kou iris ke hoʻopaʻa pono i kona ʻano a kūlou loa i hope. A laila hamo ke kua o ka iris i nā olonā ʻiʻo e kāohi ana i ke ʻano o ka lens o ka maka. I ka wā e hoʻonui ai a ʻaelike ai kou iris (ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaelike a ʻaelike ka iris e hoʻokipa i ka mālamalama), lilo nā granules pigment i loko o ka iris i mea wehe.

I ka pololei, ke ʻili nei kēia mau pigment, e like me ka ʻili ʻana o ke kala i kahi ʻāpana lāʻau.

Lana nā ʻāpana pigment wehe i loko o ka wai hoʻoluʻu aqueous a lawe ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka maka. Aia kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokahe wai no kēia wai hoʻoluʻu aqueous e hoʻokahe i waho o ka maka. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka trabecular meshwork . Hiki i nā ʻāpana pigment wehe ke hōʻiliʻili i loko o kēia trabecular meshwork a hōʻino iā ia. Ke hana ʻia kēia, ʻo ka wai hoʻoluʻu aqueousʻAʻole hiki i ka wai ke kahe pono mai ka maka. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kaomi i loko o ka maka. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he hypertension ocular . Inā hoʻomau kēia, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka glaucoma . Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia ka glaucoma , hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale ʻike hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia, koʻikoʻi a me ka makapō.

He aha nā hōʻailona o PDS a me PG?

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole hana ka PDS i kekahi mau hōʻailona. No laila, ʻaʻole ʻike ka nui o ka poʻe he loaʻa iā lākou ke ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona, ​​​​ua like lākou me nā hōʻailona maʻamau o ka glaucoma . ʻO lākou:

• ʻEha maka
• ʻUlaʻula o nā maka
• ʻIke i ka mālamalama ( photophobia )
• Ke ʻike nei i nā halo a i ʻole ka ʻālohilohi a puni nā kukui

Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi maka no ka manawa pōkole, ka ʻike pohihihi, a i ʻole nā ​​halo a puni nā kukui, e like me ka wā e hoʻoikaika kino ana. Akā e nalo aku kēia mau mea ma hope o kekahi manawa.

He aha nā kumu o PDS?

ʻAʻole maopopo loa i nā loea ke kumu o ka PDS , akā ua ʻike lākou i kekahi mau kumu e hiki ke kōkua i ia.

• ʻIke Hoʻoilina: Ua loaʻa i ka noiʻi kahi pilina ma waena o kekahi mau hoʻololi DNA a me PDS/PG . ʻO ia ke kumu e holo ai ʻo PDS a me PG i loko o nā ʻohana. Eia nō naʻe, he paʻakikī ke wānana pehea e ulu ai.
• Makahiki: ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka PDS i nā poʻe ma waena o 20 a me 50 mau makahiki.
• Kāne: ʻOi aku ka hopena o nā maʻi PDS a me PG i nā kāne .
• Lāhui: ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pilikia o ka poʻe ʻeleʻele a ʻAsia paha i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka PDS a me ka PG . ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe keʻokeʻo.
• ʻIke kokoke (Myopia): ʻO ka poʻe me ka myopia , ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻike mamao, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o PDS a me PG . ʻO ka ʻoi aku o kou ʻike kokoke, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o PDS a i ʻole hiki ke lilo i PG .
• ʻAno o ka maka: Inā hohonu kou keʻena mua , ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka PDS a me ka PG . ʻO kēia no ka mea i ka hohonu o ke keʻena, hiki i ka wai ke hōʻiliʻili i loko. Hiki i kēia ke hana i ka iris e "kulou" i hope, i ka lens. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka cornea palahalaha ke lilo i kumu kōkua.
• Ka nui o ka hana: Hoʻoikaika kino nui a i ʻole ka hana kinoUa hōʻike ʻia ma ka noiʻi aia kahi pilina ma waena o PDS/PG . Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻo PDS a i ʻole PG , e nīnau paha kāu kauka maka e pili ana i kāu hana kino. Inā pili kāu pae hana i kēia kūlana, e aʻo paha lākou iā ʻoe e hoʻēmi iā ia.

He aha ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ka Pigment Secondary?

Aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe e nalowale ai ka pigment o kou iris . Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo "PDS lua." He ʻokoʻa kēia mai ka "PDS mua." ʻO ka PDS mua ka wā e hana ai ka PDS me ka ʻole o kekahi maʻi lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, hiki nō hoʻi i ka PG ke hana pū me ka PDS lua.

ʻO kekahi mau mea e hiki ai ke hana i ka PDS lua:

• Nā pōʻino i nā maka
• Nā puʻupuʻu (ulu) e hana ana i loko o ka maka
• Ka neʻe ʻana o kahi lens intraocular (IOL )

Pehea e ʻike ai iā PDS a me PG?

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e ʻike ai i ka PDS ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā hōʻailona, ​​ʻo ia ka nānā maka maʻamau . ʻO kekahi o nā loli i loko o ka maka e ʻike ʻia i ka wā o ka nānā maka ma muli o PDS a i ʻole PG :

• ʻO ke kaulahao ʻo Krukenberg: He laina lahilahi a kū pololei kēia e kū mai ana i mua o kāu haumāna , ʻo ke kala like me kou iris. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia i ka wā e hoʻokuke ʻia ai ka wai i mua i ka wā e piʻi ai ke kaomi i loko o ka maka, e hoʻopili ana i nā granules pigment wehe i loko o ka cornea.
• Nā kīnā iris radial: He mau laina lahilahi kēia o ka pigment e kū mai ana ma ka iris. Ua like lākou me nā ʻūmiʻi o ka huila paikikala. Hiki i kahi loea maka ke ʻike i kēia mau mea me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano kukui kūikawā.
• Pigmentation kokoke i ka lihi o waho o ka iris: Hiki i kāu loea maka ke hoʻohana i kahi hoʻāʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo gonioscopy e ʻike i nā granules pigmented i waiho ʻia ma laila.

Nā hoʻāʻo e hiki i kāu loea maka ke hoʻohana

Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua glaucoma e hiki ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ka PDS a me ka PG . Hana ʻia kekahi o kēia i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo maka maʻamau. ʻOi aku ka kūikawā o kekahi. E haʻi aku kāu loea maka iā ʻoe i nā hoʻokolohua maikaʻi loa e kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana a i ʻole ke kāpae ʻana i ka PDS a me ka PG .

Hiki i kēia mau hoʻokolohua ke komo pū me hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻokolohua kukui ʻoki
• Tonometry ( ke ana ʻana i ke kaomi o ka maka)
• ʻO ka tomography coherence optical (OCT)
• Pachymetry (ana o ka mānoanoa o ka corneal)
• Gonioscopy (ka nānā ʻana i ke kihi hoʻokahe wai o ka maka)
• Ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke kahua ʻike ( ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka ʻike peripheral)

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ʻo PDS a me PG?

Ua like loa ka mālama ʻana no PDS a me PG me ka mālama ʻana no nā ʻano glaucoma ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ke komo pū me hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau mea:

• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka glaucoma ma ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ke kaomi i loko o ka maka ma nā ʻano like ʻole. Hana kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāu haumāna a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka kahe ʻana o ka wai o ka wai . Hana kekahi ma ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka hana ʻana o ka wai o ka wai . Loaʻa pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he kulu maka.
• ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana o Glaucoma: Hoʻāʻo pinepine kēia kaʻina hana e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe ʻana o ka wai a me ka hoʻokahe ʻana. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e komo pū me ka trabeculectomy , goniotomy, a me kekahi mau ʻoki laser.

I ka manawa pinepine, pono ka poʻe me PDS a me PG e hoʻohana i kahi ala hui pū ʻia e loaʻa ai nā hopena maikaʻi loa. No ka laʻana, ʻo ke ʻoki laser i hui pū ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. He kūpono loa kēia ʻano hana inā ʻaʻole lawa ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō e hōʻemi i ke kaomi i loko o ka maka.

ʻO kāu loea maka ke kanaka kūpono loa e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā koho lapaʻau. E aʻo aku ʻo ia iā ʻoe pehea e hoʻopilikia ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe, he aha kāu mau koho, a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao āu e manaʻo ai.

Inā loaʻa iaʻu kēia maʻi, he aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai?

ʻAʻole nā ​​kānaka a pau me PDS e loaʻa i ka PG . Eia nō naʻe, piʻi ka pilikia i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. Ma kahi o 10% o ka poʻe me PDS e loaʻa i ka PG i loko o 10 mau makahiki. Ma hope o 15 mau makahiki, piʻi kēlā helu i 15%. I loko o ke ola holoʻokoʻa, aia kēia pilikia ma waena o 35% a me 50%.

No ka mea, hoʻomaka pinepine ʻo PDS a me PG i ka wā ʻōpiopio ma mua o nā ʻano glaucoma ʻē aʻe, he mea nui loa ia e mālama i kēia kūlana me ka hiki. ʻO kahi hapa o ia mea, ʻo ia ka hoʻomau ʻana e ʻike i kāu kauka maka a loaʻa nā nānā hou.

Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau hālāwai i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu a ʻeono mahina, a i ʻole hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki, ma muli o kou kūlana. Hiki i kēia mau hoʻokolohua ke kōkua i kāu kauka e ʻike i kekahi piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi maka a paipai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pale aku i ka hōʻino a i ʻole e pale aku iā ia mai ka lilo ʻana i mea ʻino.

NāuʻO ka nānā mau ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka PDS a i ʻole PG ke kī i ka mālama ʻana i kou ʻike. He mea kākaʻikahi loa ka makapō mau loa i waena o ka poʻe e hahai ana i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a kā lākou loea, e hele i nā nānā maʻamau , a mālama i ko lākou kūlana.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka PDS a i ʻole ka PG?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻohe mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku ai i ka PDS a me ka PG . Hiki koke mai lākou, a ʻike ʻole ka poʻe he nui he mau kūlana ko lākou a hiki i ka ʻike ʻana o kahi loea i kēia mau loli i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo maka maʻamau, a i ʻole a hiki i ka wā e ulu ai nā hōʻailona.

Inā loaʻa iaʻu ʻo PDS a i ʻole PG, pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻo PDS a i ʻole PG , aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e mālama i kou ʻike a pale i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, e like me ka nalowale o ka ʻike:

• E ʻike i kāu kauka e like me ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. Mai poina i nā hoʻokolohua i hoʻonohonoho ʻia .
• E lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha. E hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha, i ka manawa i kauoha ʻia, a me ka nui i kauoha ʻia.
• Inā ʻōlelo aku kāu loea maka, e hoʻololi i kou nohona. Eia kekahi laʻana, e hōʻemi i ka hoʻoikaika kino nui.
• Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi loli i kou ʻike, hoʻomohala i nā hōʻailona hou, a i ʻole he mau nīnau e pili ana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau, e kāhea koke i kāu kauka.

Āhea wau e hele ai i kahi Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona maka, pono ʻoe i ke kōkua lapaʻau koke. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki ke hōʻino ʻia ka maka. Ma hope o kāu hōʻoia ʻana, e kamaʻilio me kāu loea maka e pili ana i nā hōʻailona e makaʻala nui ai, ma muli o kou kūlana kikoʻī, a me ka mea e hana ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona.

ʻO nā hōʻailona e pono ai ke kōkua lapaʻau ulia pōpilikia:

• Nā loli o ka ʻike, e like me ka ʻike pōwehiwehi koke a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike
• Nā halo hou a i ʻole ka ʻino a i ʻole ka ʻālohilohi a puni nā kukui
• ʻEha maka koʻikoʻi a koke a/a i ʻole ke poʻo
• Ka nalowale koke ʻana o ka ʻike (hapa a piha paha)

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

ʻO kekahi mau nīnau hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau aku i kāu loea maka:

• Pehea ke koʻikoʻi/holomua o koʻu maʻi PDS ? Ua lilo anei ia i PG ?
• He aha nā koho lapaʻau āu e paipai nei?
• He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e pono iaʻu e manaʻo mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau? He aha kaʻu e hana ai e hoʻokele a kaupalena paha i kēlā mau hopena ʻaoʻao?
• Pono anei iaʻu e hana i kekahi mau hoʻololi i kaʻu hana maʻamau a i ʻole nā ​​​​hana?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) a i ʻole Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG).Hiki ke lilo i mea hoʻohoka iki ka ʻike ʻana ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka glaucoma, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe i ka wā ʻōpiopio. ʻOiai ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻano glaucoma e ulu ana ma hope o ke ola, ʻo PDS a me PG ka mea maʻamau e ulu mua ma mua. ʻOiai ʻo kēia mau kūlana e hana like me nā ʻano glaucoma ʻē aʻe, aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi. Akā ʻo ka mea nui, me ka mālama lapaʻau maʻamau a me ka mālama kūpono, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka PDS a me PG a hiki ke kaupalena ʻia a pale ʻia paha nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me ka nalowale o ka ʻike a i ʻole ka makapō. No laila, mai hopohopo a hahai i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a kāu kauka.

ʻO Glaucoma, Pigment Dispersion Syndrome, Pigmentary Glaucoma, Ola Kino o ka Maka, Kaomi Maka, ʻIke, Nā Maʻi Maka