Ke hoʻopilikia nei anei ka maʻi diabetes i kou mau maka? (Diabetes-Retinopathy) E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ia mea.

He maʻi diabetes kou? A i ʻole he maʻi diabetes kekahi āu i ʻike ai? A laila, he mea nui loa kaʻu e ʻōlelo aku nei iā ʻoe. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes kahi maʻi e piʻi ai ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko i loko o ke kino. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻino i ko kākou mau maka ma nā ʻano i manaʻo ʻole ʻia. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā hōʻino ʻo `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` a i ʻole ka maʻi retinal e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia i kēia lā, ʻae?

He aha ka Retinopathy e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻonāwaliwali ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes a hōʻino i nā kīʻaha koko ma ka retina i loko o kou mau maka. E noʻonoʻo e like me ke kāmela. Hana ka retina e like me ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni i loko o kēia kāmela. Maanei e ʻike ʻia ai nā kiʻi ke hāʻule ka mālamalama. No laila, i ka wā e hōʻino ʻia ai kēia mau kīʻaha liʻiliʻi e hoʻolako koko i ka retina ma muli o ka maʻi diabetes, e pau pū ka retina i ka hana pono. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike, ka ʻike pōuliuli, a i ka hopena, ʻo ka makapō .

ʻAʻole e loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau me ka maʻi diabetes kēia maʻi. A, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā kākou ke hana e hoʻopaneʻe i kona hoʻomaka ʻana, a i ʻole e hōʻemi i kona hopena inā loaʻa. No laila, mai makaʻu, ʻae? E kamaʻilio pū kākou e pili ana i kēlā.

ʻElua pae o kēia maʻi.

ʻAʻole e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` i ka manawa hoʻokahi. He ʻelua ona pae nui.

1. Kahua mua: Nonproliferative diabetes-related retinopathy (NPDR)

ʻO kēia ke kahua mua o ka maʻi. I loko o kēia kahua, hoʻomaka nā kīʻaha koko i loko o ka retina e hoʻokahe i ke koko. E noʻonoʻo e like me kahi paipu wai i haki. Hiki i kēia hōʻino ke kumu e ālai ʻia ai kekahi o nā kīʻaha koko. Hana ʻia kēia i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ai ke kino e hoʻoponopono i ka pōʻino. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e loaʻa i kekahi mau hōʻailona nui i kēia kahua.

2. Hihia koʻikoʻi: Proliferative diabetes-related retinopathy (PDR)

Holomua ka NPDR i ke kahua i kapa ʻia ʻo PDR i ka wā e ʻoi aku ai ka ʻino o nā kīʻaha koko i hōʻino ʻia. ʻO kēia ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai nā kīʻaha koko hou, akā nāwaliwali, e hana ma kahi o nā mea i hōʻino ʻia. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau kīʻaha koko hou i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻonui i ke kahe koko i ka retina. Eia naʻe, ua nāwaliwali loa kēia mau kīʻaha koko hou a hiki ke pohā a kahe ke koko. Hiki i kēia koko ke hōʻiliʻili i loko o ka mea like me ka jelly i loko o ka maka i kapa ʻia ʻo vitreous. ʻOiai ua hana ʻia kēia mau kīʻaha koko hou ma ka ʻili o ka retina, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa hiki i ka jelly ke pili i kēia mau kīʻaha koko a hiki i ka retina ke hemo (retinal detachments) . Inā hana ʻia kēia, kiʻekiʻe ka manawa o ka makapō.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi?

I nā pae mua o ka Diabetes-Related Retinopathy, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona. ʻO ia ka mea weliweli. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi mau loli i kou ʻike a hiki i ka wā e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻino. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai nā hōʻailona e ʻike ʻia, hiki iā lākou ke komo pū me:

• ʻIke pōwehiwehi a ʻike hewa paha: Me he mea lā e nānā ana ʻoe ma o ka noe, a i ʻole me he mea lā ua kīkoʻo ʻia nā mea.
• Nā loli i ka ʻike kala: ʻO nā kala i ʻike maopopo ʻia ma mua, i kēia manawa ua mae a ʻaʻole paha i ʻike nui ʻia. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi makapō kala hou.
• Makapō pō (nyctalopia): Ua emi nui ka ʻike i ka pō.
• Nā lana o nā maka (myodesopsias): ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻike ʻana i nā kiko ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​wili e lana ana i mua o nā maka.
• Nā kiko makapō (scotomas): ʻAʻole ʻike maka ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka mea āu e ʻike ai.
• Nā kīnā o ke kahua ʻike: Ua emi ka nui o ka ʻike ma ka ʻaoʻao a puni.
• Ka nāwaliwali o ka ʻike a me ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​pono ʻoe e ʻike koke i kahi ophthalmologist .

No ke aha lā e kū mai ai kēia kūlana?

ʻO ke kumu nui, ʻo ia ka maʻi diabetes . Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia maʻi e nā ʻano maʻi diabetes like ʻole.

• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1 `(ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1)`
• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 2 `(ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 2)`
• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 3c `(ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 3c)`
• Maʻi diabetes hāpai

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes kahi maʻi e hoʻomaka ana ke noho kiʻekiʻe kou pae kō koko no ka manawa lōʻihi . Ke hōʻiliʻili kēia kō, hōʻino ia i nā paia o loko o nā kīʻaha koko ma kou kino. Hoʻopilikia pū ia i nā kīʻaha koko palupalu i kou mau maka.

Hoʻāʻo nā kīʻaha koko i hōʻino ʻia e hoʻoponopono iā lākou iho a loaʻa nā ala ʻē aʻe e hoʻomau i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko. ʻO ka hopena, ua hana ʻia kēlā mau kīʻaha koko nāwaliwali a hou aʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua ma luna o ka retina. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke pohā maʻalahi a kahe ke koko i loko o ka mea like me ka jelly i loko o ka maka (vitreous). Eia kekahi, hiki i ke kahe ʻana o ke wai mai nā kīʻaha koko i hōʻino ʻia a hoʻoulu i ka ʻāpana waena o ka retina, kahi a mākou e ʻike maopopo ai a hoʻokaʻawale i nā kala (macula), e pehu. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he macular edema . A laila, lilo ka ʻike i mea pōuliuli.

He aha nā kumu pilikia?

Aia kekahi mau kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)`.

• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes paʻakikī ke kaohi: ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia inā kiʻekiʻe mau ka nui o ke kō koko.
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (hypertension)
• Ka pae cholesterol kiʻekiʻe i loko o ke koko (hyperlipidemia)
• Nā maʻi e pili ana i ka puʻuwai e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka maʻi coronary artery
• Maʻi puʻupaʻa mau a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa

Inā loaʻa kēia mau kūlana, piʻi nui aʻe ka pilikia o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka maka ke hui pū ʻia me ka maʻi diabetes.

Nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa i kēia maʻi

Inā ʻaʻole kaohi pono ʻia ka Diabetes-Retinopathy, hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia hou aʻe.

• ʻO ka edema macular e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes (ka pehu ʻana ma waenakonu o ka retina i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi diabetes)
• Nā hemo ʻana o ka retina
• Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka ʻāpana like me ka jelly o ka maka (vitreous hemorrhage)
• Glaucoma (hoʻonui ʻia ke kaomi o ka maka)
• Hoʻemi ʻia ke kahe koko i ka ʻāpana o ka retina e hāʻawi ana i ke kala a me ka ʻike ʻoi (macular ischemia)

I ka hopena, hiki i kēia mau pilikia ke hoʻōki i ka hana pono ʻana o nā hunaola ʻike mālamalama i loko o ka maka, i kapa ʻia ʻo photoreceptors . Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale mau o ka ʻike a me ka makapō.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai kēia maʻi?

E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻo ka nui o nā loli i ka maka i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` ʻaʻole hōʻike i nā hōʻailona i nā pae mua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kahi kauka maka ke ʻike i kēia mau loli i ka wā mua loa. Hana ʻia kēia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lako kūikawā a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻonui i ka maka. Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi kēia ʻo `(dilated eye exam)` .

I loko o kēia hoʻokolokolo ʻana, ʻike paha ke kauka i nā mea e like me:

• Nā kiko huluhulu pulupulu i loko o ka maka
• Nā kahe koko o ka retina
• Nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi e pehu a pohā (microaneurysms)
• ʻO ka neovascularization o ka maka (nā kīʻaha koko hou e hana ana i loko o ka maka)
• Ka pehu ʻana o ka ʻaoʻao waena o ka retina (macular edema)
• Nā waihona momona i loko o ka retina (retinal exudates)
• Nā kīʻaha koko ʻano ʻē i loko o ka retina
• Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka mea like me ka jelly i loko o ka maka (vitreous hemorrhage)

No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe ou hōʻailona, ​​​​he mea nui loa ia e nānā ʻia kou mau maka e ke kauka maka ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi i ka makahiki.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)`?

ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa. ʻO ka `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` kahi maʻi hiki ke mālama ʻia, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia . Hiki ke mālama ʻia kekahi o nā hōʻailona a me nā loli i loko o ka retina. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e koʻikoʻi loa ai ka pōʻino, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia kekahi mau mea.

ʻElua mau koho lapaʻau nui: ka kaohi ʻana i kāu maʻi diabetes a me ka mālama ʻana i kou mau maka.

1. Ke mālama nei i kāu maʻi diabetes

Ua hōʻike maopopo ʻia e ka noiʻi ʻana ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o kou pae kō koko a me ka hemoglobin A1C, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o kou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka Diabetes-Related Retinopathy . No laila, ʻo ka kaohi ʻana i kou pae kō koko - ʻo ia hoʻi ka mālama ʻana iā lākou i haʻahaʻa a paʻa - he mea nui loa ia e hoʻopaneʻe i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia maʻi a hoʻemi i kona koʻikoʻi.

I mea e pale ai i ka maʻi diabetes, pono ʻoe e hana i kēia mau mea:

• Ke nānā mau nei i kou pae kō koko:Hiki ke hana i kēia me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka manamana lima a i ʻole ka nānā mau ʻana i ka glucose.
• E makaʻala i ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai: ʻO ka mea āu e ʻai ai e pili pololei ana i kāu pae kō koko a me ka waiwai A1C.
• ʻO ka lawe pono ʻana i kāu mau lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia: E lawe i kāu lāʻau maʻi diabetes e like me ka mea a kāu kauka e ʻōlelo ai. E kōkua nui kēia i ka mālama ʻana i kou pae kō koko i loko o ka pae i ʻōlelo ʻia.
• Ke hele nei i nā nānā kino maʻamau: He mea nui loa kēia e ʻike e pili ana i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā loli ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā hōʻailona.
• Ke hoʻāʻo mau ʻana i nā maka e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia: He mea nui kēia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ka prediabetes. Hiki ke hoʻomaka ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka lilo ʻana o ka pōʻino i mea mau loa.
• Ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha olakino e kūpono iā ʻoe: Kōkua pū kēia i ka kaohi ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes. Na kāu kauka ʻohana e alakaʻi iā ʻoe ma kēia.

2. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau maka

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana i ka maka, ʻo ia ke kāohi i ka ʻike a me nā hōʻailona o ka maka a kaupalena a hōʻemi paha i ka hōʻino ʻana i ka retina. ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no ka Retinopathy e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes:

• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) a i ʻole corticosteroids. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mau mea i loko o ka maka. E wehewehe kāu kauka maka i nā koho lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.
• ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana i ka laser: I nā kaʻina hana e like me ka photocoagulation laser , hoʻohana kahi loea maka i kahi laser e mālama i kou retina. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻōki i ka ulu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko hou, ʻano ʻē, hoʻemi iā lākou, a i ʻole ke kāohi ʻana i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia ke kumu i kekahi manawa o ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike pō a i ʻole ka ʻike peripheral.
• ʻO ke ʻoki maka: Inā ua hemo kou retina (retinal detachment), inā ua hōʻiliʻili ke koko i loko o ka maka (vitreous hemorrhage) a ʻaʻole ia e kahe, a inā he pōʻino koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe i ka retina, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi ʻoki i kapa ʻia he vitrectomy .

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i kaʻu kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes, a i ʻole ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me ka Diabetes-Related Retinopathy, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike pinepine i kahi loea maka. E haʻi aku ʻo ia iā ʻoe i ka pinepine o kou hele ʻana mai no nā nānā ʻana. ʻO ka hahai ʻana i kēia papa hana hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i nā loli koʻikoʻi ma mua o ko lākou lilo ʻana i mea koʻikoʻi.

Eia kekahi, e ʻike koke i ke kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau loli ʻike mālie :

• Ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike maka a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻole ʻana e like me ma mua.
• ʻIke pōwehiwehi a ʻike ʻino paha.
• Inā ʻeleʻele, mae wale, a ʻokoʻa paha kekahi mau ʻāpana o nā mea āu e nānā nei ma mua.

Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike ʻoe i nā loli ʻike koke e like me kēia, pono ʻoe e hele koke i ka haukapila kokoke loa a i ʻole ka lumi pilikia:

• ʻEha nui o ka maka.
• Ka nalowale koke ʻana o ka ʻike a i ʻole ka nalowale nui o ka ʻike.

He aha ke ʻano o ka wā e hiki mai ana e hiki i kekahi me ka `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` ke manaʻo?

He maʻi mau loa ka Retinopathy e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes a no ke ola holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ia mea. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hana e kāohi ai iā ia a kaupalena i ka nalowale o ka ʻike.

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes e loaʻa i kēia maʻi, akā ʻaʻole nā ​​​​kānaka āpau me ka maʻi diabetes e loaʻa iā ia. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ia ke loaʻa ka hopena nui i kou ola, no laila he mea nui e hana i nā mea āpau e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale aku a hoʻopaneʻe paha.

Inā ʻike mua ʻoe i ka maʻi a loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i ka nalowale o ka ʻike a hoʻopaneʻe i ka holomua o ka maʻi. ʻOiai ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, inā ʻoe e kāohi pono i kāu maʻi diabetes a mālama i kāu mau pae kō koko i loko o nā pae i ʻōlelo ʻia e kāu mau kauka, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka manawa kūpono loa e kaupalena i nā hopena o kēia maʻi.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. Eia nō naʻe, aia nā ala e hoʻopaneʻe ai i kēlā mau pilikia i ka hiki a mālama i nā loli o ka ʻike i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi diabetes.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka Retinopathy e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes?

ʻAe, ʻo ka kaohi ʻana i kou pae kō koko a me ka mālama ʻana i kahi pae hemoglobin A1C haʻahaʻa e hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka Diabetes-Related Retinopathy. Ke hana ʻoe i kēia mau mea, hiki i ka retinopathy ke emi hou i kekahi manawa.

ʻAʻole i loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau me ka maʻi diabetes kēia, akā , ʻo ka poʻe me nā pae kō koko i kāohi ʻole ʻia a me ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka "Diabetes-Related Retinopathy".

ʻOiai inā ʻaʻohe ou maʻi diabetes, inā he kiʻekiʻe kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana (no ka laʻana, inā he prediabetes kou), hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes. ʻO ka hana mua ʻana hiki ke pale a hoʻopaneʻe paha i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka retinopathy e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes.

Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua maka ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i nā hōʻailona mua o ka Diabetes-Related Retinopathy ma mua loa o kou ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona. Inā loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana, ʻoiai kou mau mākua, nā kaikaina, a i ʻole nā ​​​​keiki, he nui kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana iā ia. No laila he mea nui ka hana mau ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua maka.

ʻOiai pehea kou maikaʻi o ka kaohi ʻana i kāu maʻi diabetes, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole lawa ia e pale aku i ka ulu ʻana o ka "Diabetes-Related Retinopathy". Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui loa ka kaohi ʻana i kāu maʻi diabetes, ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau, a me ka mālama ʻana i kou mau maka. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i kou ʻike.

Hiki i kāu kauka maʻi diabetes ke alakaʻi iā ʻoe ma kēia a kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi loea maka. Me ka mālama mau a me ke kākoʻo, nui nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale i kou ʻike maka makamae.

Nā mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, eia kekahi mau mea e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo mai nā mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai:

• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes, e mālama pono i kou mau maka. Hiki i ka Diabetes-Retinopathy ke lilo i maʻi koʻikoʻi.
• E mālama i kou kō koko a me nā pae "Hemoglobin A1C". ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa.
• ʻOiai inā ʻaʻohe ou hōʻailona, ​​pono ʻoe e nānā i kou mau maka e ke kauka maka ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki (hoʻokolokolo maka dilated). ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻike mua ʻana.
• Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli i kou ʻike (blurring, ʻeleʻele, discoloration), e ʻike koke i ke kauka.
• Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, e hoʻōki. Hiki i ka puhipaka ke hoʻonui i kēia maʻi.
• E kāohi i nā mea e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me ka cholesterol.

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi. Aia nā kauka a me nā ʻohana e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hopohopo, e loaʻa i ka lāʻau kūpono, a e ola i kahi nohona olakino, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i kou mau maka.

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes, ka hōʻino ʻana o ka maka maʻi diabetes, retinopathy, olakino maka, pale ʻana i ka ʻike maka, mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes, nā hoʻokolohua maka