Ke pilikia nei ʻoe me kou puʻu a i ʻole ka esophagus? E aʻo pono kākou i ke ʻano o ka esophagoscopy!

I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau i mea hou paha iā ʻoe, akā he mea nui loa paha. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he esophagoscopy. He mea weliweli iki paha ke kani o ka inoa, akā mai hopohopo, e mālama kākou i ka maʻalahi, ʻeā? E kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike i kēia lā, e like me kāna hana, no ke aha i hana ʻia ai, pehea e hana ai, a inā paha he ʻeha.

He aha ka esophagoscopy? I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi...

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he kaʻina hana ka esophagoscopy e nānā pono ana i loko o kou esophagus (ka ʻōmole e hele ana mai kou puʻu a i kou ʻōpū ke moni ʻoe i ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu). E noʻonoʻo e like me ka hoʻouna ʻana i kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi i lalo o ke ala i loko o kou kino.

No kēia hoʻāʻo, hoʻohana nā kauka i kahi ʻōmole liʻiliʻi a palupalu (i kapa ʻia he endoscope ). Loaʻa i kēia endoscope kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi a me ke kukui ma kekahi ʻaoʻao. No laila, hoʻokomo ʻia kēia ʻōmole ma kou waha, a i ʻole i kekahi manawa kou ihu, a hoʻouna ʻia i lalo o kou esophagus, e ʻae ana i ke kauka e ʻike maopopo inā he hewa kekahi mea, inā he mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi, a inā he mea ʻē aʻe i ʻokoʻa. I kekahi manawa, hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana e lawe i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo (tissue sample/biopsy) mai ka esophagus no ka hoʻokolokolo hou aku. E kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēlā ma hope.

He mea maʻamau ke hopohopo iki a makaʻu paha i ka wā e haʻi ʻia aku ai iā ʻoe e hoʻokomo ʻia ana kahi ʻōmole i loko o kou puʻu a i ʻole kou ihu. Akā, ʻo kēia hoʻāʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa e ʻike pono ai i ka mea e hana nei i loko o kēia ʻōmole koʻikoʻi e lawe ana i kāu meaʻai a me kāu mea inu. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kēlā hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu.

No ke aha ʻoe e pono ai i kahi esophagoscopy?

I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe, 'No ke aha e noi ʻia ai au e hana i kēia hoʻokolohua?' ʻAe, he nīnau maikaʻi kēlā. Hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe no kēia hoʻokolohua no kekahi mau kumu kikoʻī. E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o lākou:

• ʻO ka ʻū mau: I kekahi manawa, inā he ʻū kou e paʻakikī ke loaʻa ke kumu a ʻaʻole e emi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau, hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā he pilikia me kou puʻu ke kumu.
• Paʻakikī i ke ale ʻana (Dysphagia): Inā manaʻo ʻoe e like me ʻoe e ʻū ana a i ʻole e ʻeha ana i ka ale ʻana i ka meaʻai a mea inu paha. Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua paʻa kekahi mea i loko o kou puʻu, a inā paha e manaʻo ʻoe ua paʻa ka meaʻai i loko o kou umauma.
• ʻO ka nausea pinepine a me ka luaʻi ʻana: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka nausea pinepine a me ka luaʻi ʻana me ke kumu ʻole, pono ʻoe e nānā e ʻike inā he pilikia ke kumu ma ka esophagus a i ʻole ka ʻōpū o luna.
• Ka Puʻuwai Mau Loa: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka puʻuwai mau loa a mākou e manaʻo pinepine ai he "gastric," akā ʻaʻole i hōʻoluʻolu ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui kēia hoʻāʻo e ʻike i ke kumu.

Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​inā paʻa ka meaʻai i loko o kou esophagus, a inā ʻoe e ale hewa i kahi mea (no ka laʻana, hiki i nā keiki liʻiliʻi ke ale i nā mea e like me nā ʻāpana kālā, nā ʻāpana o nā mea pāʻani, a i ʻole nā ​​​​pila, ʻeā?), hoʻohana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana esophagoscopy e wehe i ka mea i paʻa.

He mea nui loa kēia hoʻāʻo no ka ʻike ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi esophageal . Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• ʻO ka esophagus a Barrett: He ʻano kēia e loli ai nā pūnaewele ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus e like me nā pūnaewele i loko o ka ʻōpū. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano e ka reflux acid lōʻihi. He liʻiliʻi kona pilikia o ka lilo ʻana i maʻi kanesa, no laila he mea nui e nānā pinepine ʻia.
• Dysphagia: E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ka paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana. Nui nā kumu no kēia, a e kōkua kēia iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo.
• ʻAʻai ʻōpū: He huaʻōlelo weliweli kēia. Akā inā ʻike mua ʻia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa e mālama ʻia a hoʻōla ʻia. ʻO ia ke kumu e hana ʻia ai kēia hoʻāʻo inā he kānalua.
• GERD (Maʻi Reflux Gastroesophageal): He kūlana kēia a ka poʻe he nui e kapa wale nei he "gastric." ʻO kēia ka manawa e holo hou ai ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū i loko o ka esophagus. Hiki i kēia ke hana i ka ʻeha o ka puʻu a me ka ʻāʻī ʻeha.
• LPR (Laryngopharyngeal Reflux): Ua like kēia me GERD, akā i kēia hihia, kahe ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū i luna o ka esophagus, pololei i loko o ka puʻu a me ka pahu leo. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā mea e like me ka mucus pinepine i loko o ka puʻu, nā loli i ka leo, a me nā maʻi ʻāʻī mau.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano o ka esophagoscopy?

ʻAe, ʻelua mau ala nui e hana ai i kēia hoʻāʻo. ʻOiai like ke kaʻina hana ma nā mea ʻelua, ʻokoʻa iki ke ʻano o ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka ʻōmole me ke kāmela.

1. Transoral esophagoscopy: Ma kēia, hoʻokomo ke kauka i kahi ʻōmole i kapa ʻia he esophagoscope ma kou waha a i loko o kou esophagus. ʻO kēia ke ʻano i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia.

2. Transnasal esophagoscopy: Ma kēia ʻano hana, hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻōmole ma kou ihu . Hele ia ma kou ihu, i lalo o kou puʻu, a i loko o kou esophagus. Wahi a kekahi poʻe he maʻalahi iki kēia ʻano hana no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoulu i ka nausea ma mua o ke ʻano hana waha.

Hana like nā ʻano hana ʻelua. Hoʻolele ʻia nā kiʻi mai ke kāmela ma ka ʻōmole ma kahi pale kamepiula nui. A laila hiki i ke kauka ke ʻike maopopo i loko o kou esophagus. He palupalu kekahi mau esophagoscopes, aʻo kekahi he mau ʻōmole metala paʻa ʻaʻole e kūlou (rigid esophagoscopy). Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano kūpono loa iā ʻoe ma muli o kou kūlana.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kahi esophagoscopy?

Pono ʻoe e hana i kekahi hoʻomākaukau ma mua o kēia hoʻāʻo, no ka mea, i kekahi manawa hoʻohana ʻia ka anesthesia e pale ai iā ʻoe mai ka ʻeha a i ʻole ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo.No laila, ʻaʻohe mea e hopohopo ai. E haʻi pololei aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka mea e hana ai. Akā ma ke ʻano laulā, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kēia mau mea:

• E hoʻonohonoho i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home: I ka hapanui o nā hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home i ka lā hoʻokahi me ka hoʻāʻo. Eia nō naʻe, e noho ʻoe ma lalo o ka anesthesia (maʻamau a hapa paha) a ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele. No laila, pono ʻoe e lawe mai i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home. Mai hele wale, no ka mea, ʻaʻole palekana.
• Ke hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka anesthesia: E noi ʻia paha ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka ʻai ʻana a i ʻole ka inu ʻana no kahi o ʻewalu hola ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, pono e hakahaka kou ʻōpū. ʻO kēia ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hoʻi ʻana mai o nā mea o loko o ka ʻōpū i loko o kou puʻu a i loko o kou mau māmā i ka wā o ka anesthesia. E noi ʻia paha ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai nā mea hoʻokahe koko (e like me ka aspirin a me ka warfarin), a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻohui lāʻau lapaʻau, no kekahi mau lā. E wehewehe kāu kauka i kēia mau mea āpau iā ʻoe.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o kahi esophagoscopy?

ʻAe, e nānā kākou i ka mea e hana ʻia ana i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo maoli. ʻO ka mea mua, e hoʻomoe loa kahi anesthesiologist iā ʻoe, a i ʻole e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka hoʻomaha. A laila, e hana kāu kauka i ka hoʻāʻo penei:

• Hoʻopili ʻia kahi pīpī anesthetic kūloko i kou puʻu. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻōmole ma kou waha. Inā hoʻokomo ʻia ma kou ihu, e mae pū ka ʻaoʻao o loko o kou ihu. E hōʻemi kēia i ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole nou e hoʻokomo i ka ʻōmole.
• A laila, me ke akahele loa, e hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻōmole esophagoscope ma ka waha a i ʻole ka ihu.
• Hoʻokuʻu mālie ʻia ka ʻōmole i lalo o ka esophagus, malia paha a hiki i ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka ʻōpū (duodenum).
• Hōʻike ʻia ke wikiō mai ke kāmela i loko o ka ʻōmole ma kahi pale nui. Nānā ke kauka i kēia i ka wā e hana ana i ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.
• Inā makemake ke kauka, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa i kēia mau kiʻi a lawe i nā kiʻi no ka nānā ʻana ma hope.
• ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi mea kānalua - no ka laʻana, kahi lesion, kahi puʻupuʻu, a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe - hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kahi biopsy e nānā hou aku. ʻO ia hoʻi ke lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻiʻo a nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hana ʻia kēia e kahi pathologist , he kauka loea i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻiʻo. ʻO kēia biopsy wale nō ke ala e ʻike pono ai inā he mea e like me ke kanesa a i ʻole kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe.

ʻEhia ka lōʻihi e hana ai i kahi esophagoscopy?

E loli ka manawa e pono ai ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻāʻo āu e hana nei a inā paha he mea ʻē aʻe e pono e hana ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia kahi transnasal esophagoscopy, ʻo ia hoʻi ka nānā ʻana ma o ka ihu, ma kahi o 10-15 mau minuke. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke lōʻihi ka manawa o kahi transoral esophagoscopy, i hana ʻia ma o ka waha.ʻO kekahi, ʻoiai inā pili ia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi biopsy a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻina hana liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe (e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka esophagus inā ua ālai ʻia), hiki ke hala ma waena o 20 mau minuke a i hoʻokahi hola. Eia nō naʻe, e haʻi mua kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka lōʻihi o ka manawa e lawe ai.

He ʻeha anei ka Esophagoscopy?

ʻO kēia ka nīnau a nā kānaka he nui e nīnau ai, a ʻo ia ka mea e hopohopo ai nā kānaka he nui. ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole ʻeha kēia hoʻāʻo. ʻOiaʻiʻo. Ke hoʻokomo ke kauka i ka ʻōmole, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kahi ʻoluʻolu ʻole, kahi manaʻo o kahi mea e iho mai ana i lalo o kou puʻu, a malia paha he nausea iki. Akā, ʻaʻole ia he ʻeha. A no ka mea e hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ka anesthesia (piha a hapa paha), ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻo i kekahi mea, a ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo iā ia. No laila, mai makaʻu pono ʻole i kēia.

He aha kāu e manaʻo ai ma hope o ka esophagoscopy?

ʻO ka esophagoscopy ka mea maʻamau he hana outpatient . ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home i ka lā hoʻokahi. Eia nō naʻe, no ka mea ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ka anesthesia, pono ʻoe e noho ma ke keʻena o ke kauka a i ʻole ka haukapila ma kahi lumi hoʻōla no kekahi manawa a pau nā hopena o ka anesthesia. ʻO ka maʻamau, he hola a ʻelua paha kēia. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hala ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola no ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau hoʻomānoino i kou puʻu a i ʻole ka ihu. I loko o kēia manawa, e nānā nā limahana lapaʻau i kou kūlana. Ke maopopo loa ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhea aku i kekahi e hele pū me ʻoe.

Hiki i kou puʻu ke ʻeha iki a ʻānai paha no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. He mea maʻamau kēia. ʻO ka inu ʻana i kahi wai mehana a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i kahi mea anu e like me ka ice cream hiki ke kōkua.

He aha nā pōmaikaʻi o kahi esophagoscopy?

Nui nā pono o kēia hoʻāʻo nou. ʻAʻole ia e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i kekahi mea e like me kēia. E nānā:

• Hiki ke ʻike pololei ʻia nā kūlana e like me ka Barrett's esophagus , GERD , a me nā ʻeha esophageal.
• Hiki iā ia ke ʻike inā he mau hunaola kanesa kou i loko o kou esophagus, a inā he mau kūlana precancerous kou e hiki ke lilo i kanesa. Inā ʻike mua ʻia ke kanesa, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa e mālama ʻia a hoʻōla ʻia. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā pono nui o kēia hoʻāʻo.
• Hiki ke wehe ʻia nā mea i paʻa i loko o ka esophagus (e like me nā ʻāpana meaʻai, kahi mea i moni ʻia e ke keiki liʻiliʻi).
• I kekahi manawa, inā he kahe koko i loko o ka anus, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi lāʻau liʻiliʻi ma o kēia e hoʻōki ai.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia me ka esophagoscopy?

E like me nā hana lapaʻau āpau, aia kekahi mau pilikia. Eia nō naʻe, he hana palekana loa ka esophagoscopy, me ka liʻiliʻi o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. Eia nō naʻe, eia kekahi mau mea e hiki ke hana:

• Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko: Aia paha kekahi kahe ʻana o ke koko, ʻoiai inā lawe ʻia kahi biopsy. Akā, pau pinepine ia ma kāna iho, a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻōki ʻia ma o ka endoscope.
• ʻĀʻī huhū a ʻeha paha: Hiki i kou ʻāʻī ke ʻeha a ʻānai paha no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. He mea maʻamau kēia.
• Maʻi: Kākaʻikahi loa.
• Pane i ka anesthesia: He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia. Makaʻala ka mea anesthesiologist i kēia.
• ʻO ka perforation a i ʻole ka haehae ʻana: He pilikia koʻikoʻi loa kēia a he kakaikahi hoʻi. Eia nō naʻe, inā hana ʻia, pono paha ke ʻoki ʻana. Akahele loa nā kauka a ʻike i kēia, no laila ua haʻahaʻa loa ka pilikia.

"E hoʻomanaʻo, he liʻiliʻi loa kēia mau pilikia. Ke kauoha nei kāu kauka i kēia hoʻāʻo nou no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pono ma mua o nā pilikia liʻiliʻi."

He aha nā hopena o kahi esophagoscopy?

Hana nā kauka i kēia hoʻāʻo no nā kumu like ʻole, no laila ʻokoʻa nā hopena. E nānā kākou i kekahi mau laʻana:

• Inā hōʻike ka hoʻokolohua he GERD kou, e kuhikuhi kāu kauka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau (lāʻau lapaʻau) a me nā ala e kāohi ai (nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona, ka ʻai).
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka esophagus ʻo Barrett , hiki i ka hoʻāʻo ke haʻi inā paʻa kou kūlana a i ʻole e ʻoi aku ka ʻino. E kōkua kēia i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka mea e hana ai a me ka pinepine o ka hoʻāʻo hou ʻana.
• Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka moni ʻana (dysphagia) , hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kumu. He paʻa paha ia i ka esophagus a i ʻole kekahi pilikia ʻē aʻe. A laila hiki ke hoʻomaka ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ia.
• Inā ʻoe e lawe i kahi biopsy, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pono inā he maʻi kanesa kou a i ʻole kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i nā hopena o ka hoʻokolohua?

I kekahi manawa, hiki i ke kauka ke haʻi iā ʻoe i nā hopena ma hope koke o ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻāʻo. ʻO ia hoʻi, ka mea i ʻike ʻia me ka endoscope. Eia nō naʻe, inā lawe ke kauka i nā laʻana ʻiʻo (biopsy) a hoʻouna iā lākou i ka lab, hiki ke hala i kekahi mau lā a i ʻole hoʻokahi pule no ka hoʻi ʻana mai o nā hopena. Inā hana ʻia kēlā, e haʻi ke kauka iā ʻoe i ka wā e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i nā hopena, a inā pono ʻoe e hoʻi mai no lākou, a inā paha e kāhea lākou iā ʻoe. No laila, mai hopohopo.

I ka manawa hea e ʻike hou ai i ke kauka ma hope o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana

Ma hope o kou hoʻi ʻana i ka home ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē. E makaʻala i nā mea e like me:

• Inā ʻaʻole e pau ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ihu (inā ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole ma ka ihu).
• Inā he ʻeha nui kou puʻu a hiki i kahi o ka hiki ʻole ke ale.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha nui o ka umauma .
• Inā ʻoe e paʻakikī ana i ka hanu ʻana .
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kuni (ʻoi aku ma mua o 100.4°F a i ʻole 38°C).
• Inā ʻoe e hele i nā ʻōpala ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele(He hōʻailona paha kēia o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko).
• Inā ʻoe e luaʻi i ke koko, a i ʻole e luaʻi ana e like me ke ʻano o ka lepo kofe.
• ʻEha nui o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana.

Inā loaʻa kekahi mea e like me kēia , mai hoʻokaʻulua . E kāhea koke aku i kāu kauka a i ʻole e hele i ka haukapila kokoke loa.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka Esophagoscopy a me ka Bronchoscopy?

He ʻano endoscopy kēia mau mea ʻelua. ʻO ia hoʻi, nā ʻano hana e hoʻohana ai i kahi ʻōmole me kahi kāmela e nānā i loko o ke kino. Akā ʻokoʻa ka wahi nānā.

Nānā kahi esophagoscopy i ka esophagus , ka paipu meaʻai, a malia paha i ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka ʻōpū.

Nānā ka bronchoscopy i kou trachea (windpipe) a me nā ala ea i loko o kou mau māmā . ʻO ia hoʻi, nā ala ea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hanu.

No laila, na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i kahi o kēia mau hoʻokolohua ʻelua āu e pono ai ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona. Eia kekahi laʻana, aia nā manawa e hana ʻia ai nā mea ʻelua e ʻike ai i ke kumu o ka ʻū mau.

Leka Hoʻihoʻi Hope Loa

ʻAe, no laila ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi manaʻo maikaʻi e pili ana i ka esophagoscopy. E hoʻomanaʻo, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ka heartburn, ka paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana, a i ʻole ka ʻeha mau o ka puʻu, mai hilahila a makaʻu paha e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. ʻAʻole ʻeha ka Esophagoscopy, akā hiki ke lilo i mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole. Inā he hopohopo a makaʻu paha kāu e pili ana i kēia hoʻāʻo, mai kānalua e haʻi i kāu kauka. E wehewehe lākou i nā mea āpau iā ʻoe a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ke kākoʻo āu e pono ai i ka wā a ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike mua i kou kūlana a hoʻihoʻi iā ʻoe i ke ala. No laila, mai makaʻu e loaʻa kēia hoʻāʻo inā pono.

ʻEsophagoscopy , esophagus, endoscopy, paʻakikī i ke ale ʻana, mumū o ka umauma, GERD, biopsy