E aʻo hou aʻe kākou e pili ana i ke aniani aniani i loko o ka maka.

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea e hana ai ko kākou mau maka e like me nā kāmela liʻiliʻi? E like me ke aniani i loko o ke kāmela, aia kahi aniani koʻikoʻi a kupaianaha i loko o ko kākou mau maka. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke aniani o ka maka, a i ʻole e like me ka kapa ʻana a nā kauka, ʻo ka "Crystalline Lens". I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ia mea, kāna hana, ke ʻano o nā pilikia e hiki ai ke hana, a me nā mea hiki ke hana ʻia e pili ana iā lākou.

He aha ke aniani maka? Ua like ia me ke aniani kāmela?

ʻAe, ua like loa ke aniani o ko kākou maka me ke aniani o ke kāmela. E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e kiʻi ana i kahi kiʻi nani. I kēlā manawa, hōʻiliʻili ke aniani o ke kāmela i ka mālamalama a kuhikuhi iā ia ma luna o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a i ʻole ma ke ʻano o ke kāmela kikohoʻe, ma luna o kāna sensor. Pēlā ka hana a ke aniani o ko kākou maka.

He ʻano ʻōniʻoniʻo a ʻālohilohi kēia. Ua like ia me kahi pōpō liʻiliʻi a moakāka. Aia i loko o ko kākou maka, ʻoi aku ka hohonu. Ke hele ka mālamalama ma o kēia aniani, hoʻopili ka aniani i kēlā mālamalama a kūlou iā ia, a i ʻole, e lawe mai iā ia i hoʻokahi kiko. Penei ke ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke kukui i ka mea ʻike ma ke kua o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi ko kākou retina. ʻO ia ka manawa e ʻike ai kākou i nā kiʻi.

He aha ka hana nui a ka lens o ka maka?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka hana nui o ka lens o ka maka, ʻo ia ke omo i ka mālamalama e komo ana i ka maka, e kālele iā ia, a kuhikuhi iā ia ma ka retina, kahi ʻiʻo ʻike i ka mālamalama ma ke kua o ka maka.

Akā, ʻaʻole ia wale nō. He hiki kupaianaha ko kēia aniani. ʻO ia ka hiki ke hoʻololi i kona ʻano . E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e heluhelu ana i kahi puke i mua ou, a laila nānā koke aku i kahi mauna ma kahi mamao. I mea e ʻike pono ai i kēia mau mea ʻelua, pono e hoʻololi ke aniani o ka maka i kona ʻano. Lilo kēia aniani i lahilahi a mānoanoa ke nānā kokoke aku, a i ka nānā ʻana i kahi mamao aku, lilo ia i lahilahi a mānoanoa. Ma kēia ʻano, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke kukui e komo mai ana e hāʻule pololei ma luna o ka `(Retina)`. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he focusing .

Hāʻawi kēia aniani i kahi 30% o ka mana kālele o ka mea a ko kākou mau maka e ʻike ai. ʻO ke koena 70% mai ka ʻāpana moakaka o ka maka i kapa ʻia ʻo ka cornea.

ʻAuhea pololei ke aniani o loko o ka maka?

Inā ʻoe e nānā i kou maka i loko o ke aniani, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi pōʻai ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi ma waenakonu o kou maka, ʻeā? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "Pupil". Aia kahi ʻāpana kala a puni ia, ʻo ia hoʻi ka "Iris". Aia ka aniani o ka maka ma hope pono o kēlā "Pupil".

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like ka haumāna me ke komo ʻana o ka maka. Hoʻomalu ka iris i ka nui o ke kukui e komo ana ma ka hoʻonui ʻana a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka haumāna. Hele ke kukui ma waena o ka haumāna a laila hālāwai me kā mākou mea ʻōlelo, ʻo ia hoʻi ke aniani o ka maka. Lawe ke aniani i kēlā kukui a kuhikuhi iā ia i ka retina. ʻO ke aniani ka lua o ka papa hope loa i loko o ka maka.

He aha nā ʻāpana o ka lens o ka maka? ʻO ia hoʻi, he aha nā mea i hana ʻia ai?

Ua hoʻopuni ʻia ka aniani o ka maka e kahi membrane elastic moakaka, e like me kahi ʻeke liʻiliʻi. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ka capsule lens. Ua kau ʻia kēia aniani, ma luna a ma lalo, e nā olonā lahilahi elastic e like me ke kaula. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he zonules.

Ua pili kēia mau `(Zonules)` i ka ʻāpana i kapa ʻia ʻo `(Ciliary Body)`. He membrane ʻiʻo kēia ma hope o ka `(Iris)`. ʻO nā ʻiʻo i loko o nā `(Ciliary Muscles)` nā mea e kōkua ai i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka lens. He mea kupanaha, i ka wā e ʻūlū ai kēia mau ʻiʻo, e hoʻomaha ana kēlā mau kaula `(Zonules)`. A laila piʻi aʻe ka lens a lilo i poepoe. Penei mākou e kālele ai i ka wā e nānā ai mākou i kekahi mea. He ʻano paʻakikī loa, akā he nani loa, ʻeā?

He aha ka mea i hana ʻia ai ke aniani o ka maka?

ʻO ke aniani o ka maka, ua hana nui ʻia ia me kahi ʻano protein kūikawā . Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he "Crystallins". ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai i kekahi manawa he "Crystalline Lens". ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka aniani o ka maka kahi me ka nui o nā protein ma waena o nā ʻiʻo o ko kākou kino.

ʻO kēia mau protein kūikawā '(Crystallins)' ka mea e hāʻawi ai i ka lens i kona ʻano moakaka a me ka mana hoʻoikaika . ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, i ka wā e oʻo ai kēia mau pūnaewele '(Crystallins)', ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā e ulu ai lākou, ʻaʻohe o lākou nucleus a i ʻole nā ​​​​organelles cell ʻē aʻe. Nalo lākou i ka wā oʻo. ʻO kēia kekahi kumu e moakaka ai ka lens.

Eia naʻe, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe o lākou nucleus, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau cell ke māhele hou e hana i nā cell hou. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohou hou iā lākou iho e like me nā cell ʻē aʻe i loko o ko mākou kino. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia kēia mau cell e like me nā apo o ke kumu lāʻau, hoʻokahi papa ma luna o kekahi. I loko o ko mākou ola ʻana, hoʻokumu ʻia nā cell hou ma nā kihi o waho o kēia apo. A laila e ʻākoakoa nā cell kahiko i waenakonu. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hoʻomaka nā cell kahiko ma waenakonu e nāwaliwali a haki.

He aha nā kūlana maʻamau e hoʻopilikia ai i ka lens o ka maka?

I ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana, a ma muli o nā kumu o ke kaiapuni, ʻoiai ka lā, hoʻomaka ka lens o ko kākou maka, ʻoiai nā hunaola "Crystallin" kahiko ma waenakonu, e hōʻino ʻia.

• Nā Cataract: Ke hoʻomaka kēia mau cell e haki, e emi ana ko lākou transparency a lilo ka lens i ao a opaque . ʻO ia ke kumu e kapa ai mākou iā lākou he cataracts pili i ka makahiki.
• Presbyopia: Eia kekahi, i ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana, emi iho ka maʻalahi o ke aniani o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi, kona hiki ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano. Hoʻolilo kēia i mea paʻakikī ke ʻike maopopo i nā mea kokoke. Me he mea lā e pono ʻoe e paʻa i kahi puke i kahi mamao iki e heluhelu ai, ʻeā? ʻO ia ke kumu a mākou e kapa ai he presbyopia.

Inā he pilikia me ka aniani o ka maka, he aha nā hōʻailona e hōʻike ʻia?

Nā Hōʻailona o ke Kataracts

Ke ulu ka cataracts, ʻo ia ka wā e lilo ai ke aniani o kou maka i ao, hiki i kou ʻike ke lilo i blurry a noe paha.Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia e like me ʻoe e nānā ana i ke ao nei ma o ka puka makani lepo. Hoʻomaka pinepine ia ma kahi hoʻokahi a laha.

I ka mea nānā mai waho, ʻike ʻia paha ka ʻōlinolino ʻeleʻele ma waenakonu o kou maka he hina hina ma mua o ka ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole keʻokeʻo paha. (I kekahi manawa, ma muli o nā maʻi hoʻoilina, hiki i nā pēpē liʻiliʻi ke hānau ʻia me nā cataracts. Pēlā e ʻike ʻia ai.)

Nā Hōʻailona o ka Presbyopia

I ka lilo ʻana o kāu aniani i mea palupalu a nalowale kona hiki ke kālele, e paʻakikī iā ʻoe ke ʻike kokoke i nā mea . ʻO ka "Presbyopia", i ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, "Farsightedness/Hyperopia" e hele mai me ka ʻelemakule.

• Pono paha ʻoe e paʻa i kahi nūpepa a i ʻole puke paha ma kahi mamao iki aku e heluhelu ai.
• A i ʻole, i ka wā e hana ana ma kahi kokoke a i ʻole ka heluhelu ʻana, e ʻoi aku ka luhi a me ka ʻeha o kou mau maka ma mua.

Pehea e mālama ai nā kauka i nā pilikia me ka lens o ka maka?

Aia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole no nā hewa refractive maʻamau e like me ka presbyopia.

• Nā maka aniani: ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau a maʻalahi loa.
• Nā Aniani Hoʻokaʻaʻike: He koho maikaʻi kēia no ka poʻe makemake ʻole i nā aniani.
• Nā kulu maka: Aia kekahi mau ʻano kikoʻī o nā kulu maka e hiki ke kōkua no kekahi manawa me ka presbyopia.
• ʻO ke ʻoki hoʻoponopono ʻike: Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia kēia kūlana me nā ʻano hana e like me nā lasers.

Hiki i kāu kauka maka ke wehewehe i kēia mau koho iā ʻoe a kōkua iā ʻoe e koho i ka mea kūpono loa iā ʻoe. Ke loli kou ʻike i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa a me kou ʻelemakule ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke pōmaikaʻi mai nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole.

Lapaʻau no ka Cataracts

ʻO ke ʻoki kino wale nō ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono no nā cataracts . He hana maʻamau a holomua kēia. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, wehe ke kauka ʻoki i ka lens noe o kou maka a hoʻololi iā ia me kahi lens hana (Intraocular Lens, a i ʻole IOL) . Hiki i kēia IOL iā ʻoe ke ʻike maopopo hou.

I kekahi manawa, ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka cataracts, wehe ʻia ka lens maoli a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi IOL e hoʻoponopono i ka myopia, hyperopia, a i ʻole presbyopia. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he refractive lens exchange.

Pehea e mālama ai au i kaʻu mau aniani hoʻopili?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke pale aku i ka nāwaliwali o ka aniani o ka maka i ko mākou wā ʻelemakule, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻolohi i ke kaʻina hana a hoʻēmi i ka pōʻino ma ka mālama pono ʻana i ko mākou mau maka.

• E pale iā ʻoe iho mai ka lā: E ʻaʻahu i nā aniani maka me ka palekana UV maikaʻi i ka wā e hele ai i waho.
• E pale i nā mea haumia o ke kaiapuni: E pale i ka puhipaka a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka uahi lua, ʻoiai he mea ʻino loa kēia i nā maka.
• Kaohi i ka maʻi diabetes: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes, hoʻonui ia i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā cataracts. No laila, he mea nui loa ia e kaohi pono i kāu maʻi diabetes.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

He ʻano kūikawā loa ka aniani o ko kākou maka e pono ai no ka ʻike maopopo. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki i nā ʻāpana o kēia aniani ke nāwaliwali a nalowale ko lākou hiki ke kālele. I kou wā ʻelemakule, hiki i kou ʻike ke manaʻo he pōwehiwehi a paʻakikī paha ke ʻike kokoke.

ʻO nā nānā maka maʻamau e kōkua iā ʻoe e makaʻala i ke kūlana o kāu aniani maka. A laila, inā he pilikia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike koke iā ia, e ʻimi i ka lāʻau kūpono, a pale i kou ʻike maka makamae. No laila, mai poina e mālama i kou mau maka!

ʻO ke aniani kristal, nā cataracts, presbyopia, ʻike maka, olakino maka