Ua nānā anei ʻoe i kāu keiki liʻiliʻi e hakakā nei e hāpai i kahi mea pāʻani liʻiliʻi? A i ʻole pehea lākou e hakakā nei e pihi i ko lākou pālule a nakinaki paha i ko lākou mau kaula kāmaʻa? I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka hiki kupaianaha a paʻakikī hoʻi ma hope o kēia mau hana maʻalahi a mākou e hana pinepine ai i ko mākou ola o kēlā me kēia lā. Ma nā huaʻōlelo lapaʻau, kapa mākou i kēia he mau mākau motor maikaʻi.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia mau mākau motika maikaʻi?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, pili kēia i nā neʻe maikaʻi loa, pololei, a kāohi ʻia a mākou e hana ai me ko mākou mau lima, nā manamana lima, nā manamana wāwae, a me nā manamana wāwae. Ke kamaʻilio pinepine mākou e pili ana i kēia, noʻonoʻo mākou i nā lima a me nā manamana lima i ka hapa nui o ka manawa. E like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kou manamana lima kuhikuhi a me ka manamana nui e hāpai i kahi mea liʻiliʻi.
Akā, ʻaʻole kēia he mea ʻē aʻe wale nō. He hana paʻakikī loa kēia. Hana pū ko kākou lolo, nā aʻalolo, nā ʻiʻo, a me nā hono , e like me kahi hui mele, a hana pū me ka hoʻonohonoho pono e hana i kēia mau neʻe akahele.
Aia kekahi mau mea nui no kēia kaohi ʻana i ka mīkini maikaʻi:
- Ka ʻike a me ka hoʻolālā: Ke noʻonoʻo nei i kahi mea ma mua o ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā neʻe e pono ai i loko o kou noʻonoʻo.
- Hoʻonohonoho: Loaʻa kahi pilina maikaʻi ma waena o nā maka, ka lolo, a me nā ʻiʻo.
- Ikaika o nā ʻiʻo: Ua lawa ka ikaika o nā ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi o nā manamana lima a me nā lima.
- Manaʻo laulā: Manaʻo maikaʻi o ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā lima a me nā manamana lima.
- Pololei/Akamai: ʻO ka hiki ke hana i ka mea e pono ai me ka pololei a me ke akahele.
Hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia o ke akamai o ka neʻe lima maikaʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Akā, ma ke ʻano he mau kauka, nānā nui mākou i kēia ke kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki . ʻEhā mau wahi nui o ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki. No kēia mau akamai o ka neʻe lima maikaʻi nā mea mua.
1. Ka ulu kino
2. Ka ulu ʻana o ka noʻonoʻo
3. Ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōlelo
4. Ka ulu ʻana o ka nohona a me ka naʻau
Nānā pono mākou i ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki e ʻike inā e ulu ana kēia mau mākau i ka makahiki kūpono a ma ke ala kūpono. No ka mea, ʻo ka lohi ʻana i kēia mau mākau i kekahi manawa he hōʻailona ia o kahi maʻi neurological a kino paha. No laila , ʻo ka wikiwiki o kā mākou ʻike ʻana i kahi mea e like me ia, ʻo ka wikiwiki o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kōkua e pono ai ke keiki.
No ke aha he mea nui kēia mau mākau?
E noʻonoʻo wale... Pehea lā ko kākou ola inā ʻaʻohe o kākou mau mākau neʻe maikaʻi? Mai ka palaki ʻana i ko kākou mau niho i ke kakahiaka, a hiki i ka ʻai ʻana i ka laiki piha, a hiki i ka hana ʻana i ke kīʻaha kope, a hiki i ke komo ʻana i ka pālule, a hiki i ka hoʻouna ʻana i kahi leka ma kā kākou kelepona, pono kākou i kēia hiki no nā mea a pau a kākou e hana ai.
He mea nui kēia mau mākau no ko kākou kūʻokoʻa a me ka mālama ponoʻī . He mea pono nō hoʻi lākou no nā mea a kākou e hana ai no ka leʻaleʻa, e like me ke pāʻani ʻana i kahi mea kani, ke kaha kiʻi ʻana, a i ʻole ke pāʻani ʻana i nā pāʻani kamepiula.
No ke keiki, he mea nui kēia no nā hana kula. He mea nui kēia hiki no nā mea e like me ka paʻa ʻana i ka penikala a me ke kākau ʻana, ka ʻoki ʻana me ka ʻokiʻoki, a me ke kaha kiʻi ʻana. ʻAʻole wale ia, akā, he nui nā hana a mākou e hana ai ma ke ʻano he poʻe mākua e pono ai kēia hiki. E noʻonoʻo i kekahi mea e hoʻohana ana i ka kamepiula, ke kauka ʻoki, a i ʻole ka mea loea e hana ana me nā lako palupalu.
He aha nā mākau motor maikaʻi a mākou e hoʻohana ai i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā?
E nānā kākou i ka papa ma lalo nei e ʻike i nā hana a kākou e hana ai i kēlā me kēia lā a pehea lākou e pono ai i kēia hiki.
| Hana | Pehea e hoʻohana ai i nā mākau motor maikaʻi |
|---|---|
| Ke paʻa nei i kahi penikala a peni paha a kākau/kaha kiʻi | Ke paʻa pono ʻana i ka penikala me nā manamana lima a me ka neʻe ʻana me ka mana. |
| Ke ʻoki ʻana i kahi mea me ka ʻokiʻoki | Ke kāohi ʻana i ka ʻūpā me kekahi lima, a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pepa me kekahi lima. |
| Ke pihi ʻana/ka zippering | E paʻa i kahi pihi liʻiliʻi, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kou mau manamana lima e hoʻokomo iā ia ma ka lua. |
| ʻAi ʻana me ka puna a i ʻole ka ʻō | Ke paʻa pono ʻana i ka puna a me ka lawe ʻana mai i ka meaʻai i ka waha. |
| Ke kikokiko ʻana ma ka papa kī kamepiula | Ke neʻe ʻana i kēlā me kēia manamana lima ma ke kaʻawale, e kau iā ia ma ke kī kūpono. |
| Ke nakinaki nei i nā kaula kāmaʻa | Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lima ʻelua, e paʻa i nā kaula a nakinaki i kahi puʻupuʻu paʻakikī. |
Pehea e ulu ai nā mākau motika maikaʻi o ke keiki e like me ka makahiki (Nā Milestones Hoʻomohala)
I ka wā e ulu ana ke keiki, ulu kekahi mau hiki i kahi makahiki. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau 'Developmental Milestones'. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia, ʻaʻole like nā keiki a pau . Hiki i kekahi mau keiki ke lōʻihi iki e hoʻokō ai i kēia mau mea. He mea maʻamau kēlā. Akā e kōkua kēia iā ʻoe e loaʻa kahi manaʻo maʻamau.
| Makahiki | Nā hiki i manaʻo ʻia |
|---|---|
| 0 - 3 mau mahina | Hopu i ka reflex, e lawe mai i ka lima i ka waha ke waiho ʻia kekahi mea ma ka lima. |
| 3 - 6 mahina | Ke kau ʻana i nā lima, ke kuʻi ʻana i nā mea pāʻani, ka paʻa ʻana a me ka lulu ʻana i kahi mea pāʻani. |
| 6 - 12 mahina | Ke hoʻoili nei i kahi mea mai kekahi lima a i kekahi lima, e ʻohi ana i nā mea liʻiliʻi me ka manamana lima kuhikuhi a me ka manamana nui (pincer grasp). |
| 1 - 2 mau makahiki | Ke kau ʻana i kekahi mau poloka ma luna o kekahi, ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao o kahi puke, ka paʻa ʻana i kahi penikala a me ke kahakiʻi ʻana i nā laina. |
| 2 - 3 mau makahiki | Ke hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻopili i nā momi nui, e hoʻāʻo ana e wili a wehe i nā mea e like me ke poʻi ʻōmole wai. |
| 3 - 5 mau makahiki | ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ka pepa me ka ʻokiʻoki, e paʻa pono ana i ka penikala me nā manamana lima ʻekolu, a me ke pihi ʻana. |
Pehea lā e hiki ai iā kākou ke kōkua i kā kākou keiki e hoʻomohala i kēia mau mākaukau?
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻomohala ai i nā mākau motika maikaʻi o ke keiki, ʻo ia ke ʻae iā lākou e pāʻani . ʻOiai e pāʻani ana, ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa nei ke keiki i kēia mau mākau me ka ʻike ʻole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā mea maʻalahi e like me kēia me kāu keiki.
No nā pēpē/nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi
- Nā mea pāʻani Play-doh (lepo): ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā pōpō liʻiliʻi mai Play-doh, ka wili ʻana iā lākou, a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōwili lōʻihi he hana maikaʻi ia no nā manamana lima.
- Ke Pāʻani nei me nā Poloka: ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale kiaʻi ma ke kau ʻana i nā poloka nui ma luna o kekahi a me ka paʻa ʻana iā lākou e hoʻomohala i ka mākaukau lima.
- Pāʻani wai: E kau i kahi wai i loko o kahi kīʻaha, e hāʻawi i kahi huʻahuʻa a e ʻomi. He mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi ke ninini i ka wai i mua a i hope mai nā kīʻaha.
- Pena manamana lima: He mea kēia a nā keiki e hauʻoli nui ai e hana. Hāʻawi ia i nā manamana lima i ka ʻike maikaʻi a me ka kaohi.
No nā kamaliʻi kula kamaliʻi
- Ka Hoʻopili ʻana: E hāʻawi iā lākou i nā momi me nā lua nui a me ke kaula mānoanoa a e hoʻokuʻu iā lākou e hoʻopili pū. Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻonohonoho lima-maka.
- ʻOki ʻana me nā ʻokiʻoki: E hāʻawi i nā ʻokiʻoki palekana i nā keiki a ʻae iā lākou e ʻoki ma ka pepa i laina ʻia. E hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā laina maʻalahi, a laila nā kinona e like me nā pōʻai a me nā huinahā.
- Nā mea pāʻani Lego: He mea maikaʻi ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana Lego liʻiliʻi no ka ikaika a me ka pololei o nā manamana lima.
- Kōkua i ka kuke ʻana: E hoʻokomo i kāu keiki i nā hana maʻalahi e like me ke kāwili ʻana i ka palaoa chapati a i ʻole ke ʻoki ʻana i nā mea kanu me ka lima.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole e koi i kēia mau mea i ke keiki. ʻO ia ka ʻae ʻana iā lākou e hana i kēia mau mea me he pāʻani lā, me ka leʻaleʻa.
He aha nā kūlana olakino e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā mākau kaʻa maikaʻi?
E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, ʻo kekahi pilikia e hoʻopilikia ai i ka lolo, ke kaula kuamoʻo, nā aʻalolo, nā ʻiʻo, a i ʻole nā hui e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kēia mau mākau neʻe maikaʻi. Hiki i ka hopena ke ʻano mai ka liʻiliʻi a i ka koʻikoʻi. Hiki ke lōʻihi iki ke kaomi ʻana i kahi pihi, a i ʻole ʻaʻole hiki ke hana iki.
He mau haneli o nā kūlana e hiki ke hana i kēia. Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia a kāohi ʻia paha kekahi o lākou me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i kekahi o lākou ke hana i nā pilikia mau loa.
ʻO kekahi o nā kūlana maʻamau i ʻike ʻia i nā keiki:
- Ka maʻi Autism Spectrum
- Ka maʻi lolo
- Ka lohi o ka ulu ʻana
- ʻO ka maʻi Down
- Nā pilikia kākau (Dysgraphia)
- Ka maʻi hana sensory
Nā kūlana e pili pinepine ana i nā pākeke a me nā keiki:
- Nā kūlana hoʻoilina
- ʻŌpū lolo
- ʻO ka Dystrophy Muscular
- Nā ʻeha i nā iwi, nā hono, a i ʻole nā aʻalolo
- Hahau
- ʻEha lolo traumatic
Nā kūlana maʻamau i waena o nā mākua:
- ʻO ka ʻāʻī rheumatoid
- ʻO ka maʻi Carpal Tunnel
- Ka maʻi o Parkinson
- Dementia
- ʻO ka Neuropathy Peripheral (maʻi nerve e hoʻopilikia ana i nā lima a me nā wāwae)
He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā he pilikia? Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?
Hiki ke hopohopo iki i ka wā mua ke ʻike ʻoe he pilikia kou a i ʻole kāu keiki me kēia mau mākau motika maikaʻi. Akā ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa , he nui nā ala a me nā mea hana e hoʻololi ai i kēia mau pilikia a maʻalahi hoʻi i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā.
Aia kekahi loea e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe me kēia. ʻO ia kekahi mea lapaʻau hana. Kōkua lākou i nā poʻe o nā makahiki āpau e hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou hiki ke hana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā me ke kūʻokoʻa a me ka maʻalahi. E aʻo lākou iā ʻoe i nā hoʻoikaika kino, nā hana a me nā mea hana kūikawā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana ma ka home.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke kamaʻilio me ke kauka e pili ana i ia mea inā manaʻo ʻoe he pilikia.
I ka manawa hea e ʻike ai i kāu kauka:
- Inā manaʻo ʻoe ʻaʻole i hiki i kāu keiki ke hōʻea i nā pae hoʻomohala kūpono no ko lākou mau makahiki , mai hopohopo a kamaʻilio me kāu kauka pediatric e pili ana i kēia. E hana ʻo ia i nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūpono.
- Inā nalowale koke ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki i kahi mākaukau a lākou i akamai ai (regression) , ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana hou i kahi mea a lākou i akamai ai ma mua, he kūlana ia e pono e hōʻike koke ʻia i ke kauka , no ka mea, he hōʻailona paha ia o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi.
E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo kēia mau mākau motika maikaʻi kahi mea e ulu mālie mai ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻomohala kēia mau mākau ma ka ʻae ʻana i ke keiki e pāʻani a ʻimi i ke kaiapuni. Ma ke ʻano he mau mākua, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohui i kekahi mau hana maʻalahi a leʻaleʻa e kōkua ai i kēia. Inā he kānalua a nīnau paha kāu, mai kānalua e kamaʻilio me ke kauka.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He mea nui nā mākau motika maikaʻi no ka hana ʻana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā a no ke ola kūʻokoʻa.
- Hoʻomohala kēlā me kēia keiki i ko lākou wikiwiki ponoʻī, no laila e pale i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana iā lākou me nā keiki ʻē aʻe. Akā, he mea nui e makaʻala i nā pae hoʻomohala maʻamau.
- ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻomohala ai i kēia mau mākau i loko o kahi keiki, ʻo ia ke hoʻokomo iā lākou i nā pāʻani maʻalahi a leʻaleʻa e like me Play-doh, nā poloka, a me nā beading.
- Inā he mau hopohopo kāu e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o kāu keiki a i ʻole ka nalowale koke ʻana o ka hiki, e nīnau koke aku i kāu kauka pediatric.
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