Ua lawe anei ʻoe i kahi hōʻike hoʻāʻo koko, nānā i nā huaʻōlelo ma luna, a noʻonoʻo, "He aha kēia?" ʻO kekahi o nā huaʻōlelo āu e ʻike ai ma kēlā mau hōʻike, ʻo ia ka hemoglobin. Eia kekahi, i ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes, ʻo kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua āu e lohe maoli ai ʻo ia ka A1C. Hōʻike nui kēia mau mea ʻelua iā mākou e pili ana i ke olakino o ko mākou kino. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka hemoglobin a me ka hoʻāʻo A1C ma ke ʻano maʻalahi loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.
He aha maoli ka hemoglobin?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he protein kūikawā ka hemoglobin i loaʻa i loko o ko kākou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Ua like ia me kahi 'lawelawe lawe' e hana ana i loko o ko kākou kino.
ʻO kāna hana nui ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka oxygen e komo i loko o nā māmā i ka wā e hanu ai mākou a hāʻawi iā ia i nā ʻiʻo ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Lawe pū ia i ke kalapona ʻokikene i hana ʻia i loko o kēlā mau ʻiʻo i nā māmā e hoʻokuke ʻia i ka wā e hanu ai mākou. ʻO kēia hemoglobin ka mea e hāʻawi i ko mākou koko i kona kala ʻulaʻula.
Ua hana ʻia kahi molekole hemoglobin me ʻehā kaulahao protein. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kaulahao kahi ʻāpana i kapa ʻia ʻo 'heme' nona ka hao. Hele mai nā molekole oxygen a hoʻopili i kēia ʻāpana nona ka hao. ʻO ia hoʻi, inā ʻaʻole lawa ka hao i kou kino, ʻaʻole hiki i kou kino ke hana i ka hemoglobin lawa. A laila e hōʻino ʻia ka hiki ke lawe i ka oxygen ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
He aha ke ʻano o ka hemoglobin kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa?
ʻO ka nui o ka hemoglobin e pono ai ko kākou kino e pili ana i nā kumu he nui, me ka makahiki, ke kāne, a me ke olakino laulā. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka poʻe e noho ana ma nā wahi mauna, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, he kiʻekiʻe iki ko lākou pae hemoglobin ma mua o ka poʻe e noho kokoke ana i ka ʻilikai.
Ua ana ʻia ka hemoglobin ma nā grama no ka deciliter (gm/dL). Eia nā pae olakino maʻamau:
- Nā kāne: 14.0 a 17.5 gm/dL
- Nā wāhine: 12.3 a 15.3 gm/dL
I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i ka mea e hana inā e loli kēia mau pae.
| Kūlana | Nā kumu a me nā hōʻailona |
|---|---|
| Hemoglobin haʻahaʻa | ʻO ka maʻamau, kapa mākou i kēia maʻi he anemia . Aia kekahi mau kumu nui no kēia:
Nā hōʻailona nui: luhi mau, keʻokeʻo, luhi, ʻeha umauma, poniuniu. |
| Hemoglobin kiʻekiʻe | ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki mai kēia ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka oxygen i loko o ke kino no ka manawa lōʻihi (hypoxia). Hiki ke hana ʻia e:
Nā hōʻailona nui: ʻeha poʻo, ʻike maka pōwehiwehi, poniuniu, ʻulaʻula ʻili, pilikia o ke koko. |
Mea nui: Inā haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha kou pae hemoglobin ma ka hōʻike, mai hopohopo, akā e ʻike i kāu kauka e ʻike i ke kumu pololei.
I kēia manawa, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka hoʻokolohua A1C.
I ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i ka hemoglobin, ʻo kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ia mea ʻo ia ka HbA1c, a i ʻole e like me kā mākou e ʻike nei, ʻo ka hoʻokolohua A1C. He hoʻokolohua koʻikoʻi kēia no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi Diabetes Mellitus a e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana o kahi kanaka me ka maʻi diabetes i kā lākou maʻi.
He aha ka mea a ka hoʻāʻo A1C e haʻi mai ai iā mākou?
E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka awelika batting o kahi cricketer no ke kau holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike inā he mea pāʻani maikaʻi ʻo ia a ʻaʻole paha ma muli o nā holo āna i loaʻa ai i hoʻokahi pāʻani. Akā ke nānā nei i kāna awelika no ke kau holoʻokoʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi manaʻo maikaʻi o kona akamai.
Ua like ke ʻano o ka hoʻāʻo A1C. Ma kahi o ka nānā ʻana i kou pae kō koko i hoʻokahi lā, hōʻike kēia hoʻāʻo i ke ʻano o kou pae kō koko i nā mahina 2-3 i hala .
Pehea e hana ai kēia?
Hoʻopili ke kō (glucose) i loko o ko kākou koko i ka hemoglobin i loko o ko kākou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Ke piʻi aʻe ka nui o ke kō e hoʻopili ana i ka hemoglobin, piʻi pū ka nui o ke kō e hoʻopili ana i ka hemoglobin. ʻOiai ʻo ke ola awelika o kahi hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ma kahi o 3 mahina, hāʻawi kēia hoʻāʻo i kahi kiʻi maikaʻi o kāu awelika o ke kō koko i nā mahina 3 i hala.
Nā pae A1C a me ko lākou manaʻo
Hāʻawi ʻia ka hopena A1C ma ke ʻano he pakeneka (%). Eia ke ʻano o kēlā mau hopena.
| Pākēneka A1C (%) | Manaʻo |
|---|---|
| Ma lalo o 5.6% | Maʻamau - ʻAʻohe ou maʻi diabetes. |
| 5.7% a i 6.4% | Prediabetes - Aia ʻoe i kahi pilikia kiʻekiʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes. He ʻōlelo aʻo kēia! |
| 6.5% a ʻoi aku paha | Maʻi diabetes - Ua hōʻoia ʻia he maʻi diabetes kou. |
I ka manawa hea e lilo ai kahi pae A1C i mea weliweli?
Inā ʻoi aku kou pae A1C ma mua o 9%, he kūlana weliweli loa ia . ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i kaohi iki ʻia kāu maʻi diabetes. Hoʻonui nui kēia i ka pilikia o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me ka nalowale o ka ʻike, ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa, ka hōʻino ʻana o nā aʻalolo (diabetic neuropathy), ka maʻi puʻuwai, a me ka hahau ʻana.
Pehea e kāohi ai i nā pae A1C a me ka hemoglobin?
I ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau kūlana ʻelua, he mea nui e ʻimi i ke kumu kumu. E hana kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai a kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau kūpono loa nāu.
Inā haʻahaʻa ka hemoglobin:
He mea nui loa ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai waiwai i ka hao.
- Hao Heme: Pipi, moa, iʻa (e.g. tuna), ʻōpae, a me nā ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe.
- ʻO ka hao ʻole heme i loko o nā mea kanu: spinach, lentils, chickpeas, soy, dates, fruits grain, pumpkin seeds.
- ʻŌlelo aʻoaʻo koʻikoʻi: Ke ʻai ʻoe i nā meaʻai waiwai i ka hao me nā meaʻai waiwai i ka wikamina C (lemon, ʻalani, tangerine, tōmato, guava), e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka omo ʻana o ke kino i ka hao.
Inā kiʻekiʻe ka pae A1C:
ʻŌlelo pinepine nā kauka i ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes e mālama i kā lākou pae A1C ma lalo o 7%. No ka hana ʻana i kēia:
- Kaohi ʻana i ka ʻai: Kaohi i nā meaʻai i loaʻa ka starch (carbohydrates) (laiki, berena, ʻuala, mea ʻono). E ʻai i ka ʻai kaulike. E hoʻōki loa i nā mea inu kō.
- Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino:E hoʻoikaika kino kaulike, e like me ka hele wāwae, no ka liʻiliʻi he 30 mau minuke i kēlā me kēia lā. Hoʻomaikaʻi ka hoʻoikaika kino i ka hiki o ke kino ke hoʻohana i ka insulin.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: He mea nui e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka i ka manawa kūpono a me ka nui kūpono.
Mai poina, mai ho'āʻo e hana i kekahi o kēia ma kāu iho. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā hoʻololi āu e hana ai i kou nohona a me kāu meaʻai.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka Hemoglobin he protein i loaʻa i loko o nā ʻula koko ʻulaʻula e lawe ana i ka oxygen ma o ko mākou kino.
- Hiki i ka pae hemoglobin haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha ke hōʻailona o ka anemia, no laila he mea nui e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
- Hōʻike ka hoʻokolohua A1C i kou pae kō koko awelika i nā mahina 2-3 i hala.
- Inā ma waena o 5.7% - 6.4% ka pae A1C, he prediabetes ia. Inā he 6.5% a ʻoi aku paha, he maʻi diabetes ia.
- ʻO ka ʻai olakino, ka hoʻoikaika kino, a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kauoha ʻia e kāu kauka e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka hemoglobin olakino a me nā pae A1C.
- Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i nā hopena o kāu hoʻāʻo koko, mai kānalua e nīnau i kāu kauka.
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