E makaʻala i nā ʻiole! E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome.

Loaʻa iā kākou āpau nā ʻiole a me nā ʻiole i loko o ko kākou mau home, malia paha ma kā kākou mau wahi hana, a i ʻole ma ko kākou mau wahi hoʻomoana. I kekahi manawa, he nani ke ʻano o kēia mau holoholona, ​​akā hiki iā lākou ke lawe i nā maʻi a kākou e manaʻo ʻole ai. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi i laha iki, akā he mea nui loa e ʻike, i laha ʻia e nā ʻiole. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, a i ʻole HPS no ka pōkole.

He aha ka Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi laha ʻole kēia `HPS` akā he maʻi weliweli paha i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi maʻi. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻino nui i kou puʻuwai, nā māmā, a me nā ʻōpū koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe o ke kino. He maʻi ia e hiki ke holomua koke, a i kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. Ua kapa pū kekahi poʻe iā ia ʻo `Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome` (HCPS).

Pehea e ulu ai kēia maʻi?

ʻAe, e nānā kākou pehea e loaʻa ai kēia maʻi. ʻO ka hapa nui, ʻo ka `HPS` ke kumu o ka pili ʻana me nā feces (ʻo ia hoʻi, feces), mimi, a i ʻole ka lawai o kahi ʻiole a ʻiole paha i loaʻa i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo `Hantavirus`. Pehea e komo ai kēia mau mea i loko o ko kākou kino? Hiki iā kākou ke hanu i kēlā mau ʻāpana. A i ʻole, inā ʻai a inu paha kākou i kahi mea i haumia ʻia me kēlā mau mea, a inā paha e hoʻopā kākou i kahi ʻili e like me ia a laila hoʻopā i ko kākou waha a ihu paha me ka lima hoʻokahi, komo kēia virus i loko o ko kākou kino.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka Hantavirus?

ʻAe, hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka HPS. Eia naʻe, he mea koʻikoʻi kēia. Wahi a nā hōʻike, ma kahi o 40% o ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia maʻi, a i ʻole ma kahi o ʻehā o ka ʻumi kānaka, e make paha. No laila he mea nui e makaʻala i kēia a e ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona.

Loaʻa i nā ʻiole a me nā ʻiole a pau kēia maʻi?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole nā ​​ʻiole a pau e lawe ana i ka Hantavirus. Ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻano ʻiole e lawe ana i kēia maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, he paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i nā ʻiole ma ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻike ma ka nānā ʻana i kahi ʻiole inā loaʻa iā ia kēia maʻi a ʻaʻole paha. No laila, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke makaʻala. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka launa pū ʻana me nā ʻiole hihiu a me nā ʻiole, a inā ʻike ʻoe i kā lākou feces, mimi, a i ʻole nā ​​pūnana i loko o kou home, e lawe palekana iā lākou a hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i nā wahi me ka disinfectant.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka HPS?

Hiki i kēia maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo `HPS` ke hoʻopilikia i kekahi. ʻO ka mea nui, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i ka feces, mimi, a me ka lawai o kahi ʻiole a ʻiole paha i loaʻa i ka maʻi. Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia mau maʻi mai nā ʻāina like ʻole a puni ka honua. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka hapa nui o nā maʻi i hōʻike ʻia mai nā mokuʻāina ma ke komohana o ka muliwai ʻo Mississippi. ʻAʻohe wahi kūikawā i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ko mākou ʻāina, akā hiki ke loaʻa kahi pilikia ma nā wahi āpau kahi i nui ai nā ʻiole. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, i ka wā e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai i kahi lumi waihona kahiko, kahi attic, a i ʻole kahi hale i loko o ka ululāʻau, a i ʻole i ka wā e hana ana ma nā mahina ʻai, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia kēia pilikia.

Pehea ka maʻamau o ka `HPS`?

He maʻi laha ʻole ka HPS. No ka laʻana, mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka noiʻi ʻana ma luna o ia mea ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka makahiki 1993, ua hōʻike ʻia he 833 mau hihia wale nō a hiki i Dekemaba 2020. ʻO ia hoʻi ma kahi o 27 mau makahiki. No laila, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole kēia he maʻi o kēlā me kēia lā. Akā, ʻoiai he mea laha ʻole ia, hiki ke lilo i mea weliweli, no laila he mea kūpono ke ʻike e pili ana i ia mea.

He aha ka mea e hana ai ke komo ka Hantavirus i ke kino?

ʻAe, e nānā kākou i ka mea e hana ʻia ma hope o ke komo ʻana o kēia Hantavirus i loko o ko kākou kino. Ke komo ka maʻi i loko o ke kino, hoʻonui mālie ia, ʻo ia hoʻi, hana ia i nā maʻi hou aʻe a hoʻomaka e laha ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.

ʻOi loa aku i loko o kou mau māmā , hoʻonāwaliwali kēia maʻi i nā kīʻaha koko (nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi) ma laila a hoʻokahe i ke koko. A laila hiki i nā ʻeke ea (nā pōpō liʻiliʻi e paʻa ana i ka oxygen i ko kākou hanu ʻana) i loko o kou mau māmā ke piha i ke koko. He mea paʻakikī loa kēia e hanu ai.

Hoʻopilikia pū ia i kou puʻuwai . Hoʻopōʻino ka maʻi i ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai ponoʻī, a nāwaliwali a liki nā kīʻaha koko ma laila. Ke nāwaliwali kēia mau kīʻaha koko, ʻaʻole hiki i ka puʻuwai ke pamu i ke koko momona i ka oxygen i ke koena o nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻāpana o ke kino. Ke loaʻa ʻole i nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻāpana ke koko lawa, hiki i ke kino ke komo i ka haʻalulu .

E hoʻomanaʻo, inā komo ke kino i ka haʻalulu, hiki i nā ʻōpū ke hāʻule koke a hiki ke make. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai he mea weliweli.

He aha nā hōʻailona mua o ka HPS?

Ke loaʻa i ka Hantavirus, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona ma kekahi mau pae.

ʻO ke kahua mua ka 'incubation phase', a i ʻole ka manawa e ulu ana ka maʻi i loko o ke kino. Hiki i kēia wā ke mau a hiki i ʻewalu pule. I loko o kēia manawa, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka maʻi i loko o kou kino, akā ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona waho.

ʻO ka lua o ka pae ka wā e ʻike mua ʻia ai nā hōʻailona. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻomaka koke loa. ʻO nā hōʻailona penei:

• Ke kuni ma luna o 101 degere Fahrenheit (38.33 degere Celsius).
• Manaʻo e like me ʻoe e anu ana .
• Luhi , luhi.
• ʻEha nā ʻiʻo , ʻoiai ma nā ʻūhā, nā pūhaka, a me ke kua.
• ʻeha ka ʻōpū.
• Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi.
• Ka maʻi kahe (ka pehu ʻana o ka ʻōpū).
• Malia paha he ʻōhūhū ʻili.
• ʻŪhū maloʻo a me ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana.
• ʻEha poʻo .
• Pōʻaiʻī.

Hiki i kēia pae ʻelua ke mau mai ʻelua a ʻewalu lā.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ke koʻikoʻi nā hōʻailona HPS? (Pae 3)

Ma kahi o ʻehā a ʻumi mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hōʻailona mua, hiki ke hoʻomaka ke kolu o ka pae o nā hōʻailona. Hiki i kēia pae ke koʻikoʻi loa. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau mea i loko o kēia manawa:

• Ke kahe koko ʻana o loko.
• Ke piha nei nā māmā i ka wai.

Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia e hoʻoweliweli i ke ola me kou mau kino a me ka ʻōnaehana hanu. ʻO nā hōʻailona e komo ana ʻoe i kēia pae koʻikoʻi:

• Hoʻonui ʻia ke kunu ʻana.
• Ke paʻakikī nei ka hanu ʻana.
• Piʻi ka helu o ka puʻuwai.
• Manaʻo o ka ʻūmiʻi ma ka umauma.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​pono ʻoe e hele koke i ka haukapila.

He aha nā kumu o ka HPS?

ʻO ke kumu nui o HPS he hui o nā virus i kapa ʻia ʻo Hantaviruses. Lawe pinepine ʻia kēia mau virus e kekahi mau ʻano ʻiole a me nā ʻiole.

Loaʻa pinepine ka HPS i nā kānaka ma ka hanu ʻana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi mai nā ʻōpala o kahi ʻiole i loaʻa i ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻolaha ʻia nā hantavirus e:

• Ma ke nahu ʻia ʻana e kahi ʻiole a ʻiole paha i loaʻa i ka maʻi.
• Inā ʻoe e hoʻopā i kahi ʻili i haumia me nā mea huna (feces, mimi, saliva) mai kahi ʻiole/ʻiole i loaʻa i ka maʻi a laila e hoʻopā i kou ihu a waha paha me ka lima hoʻokahi.
• Inā ʻoe e ʻai i ka meaʻai i haumia me nā mea huna i loaʻa i ka maʻi.

He laha anei kēia mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka?

He nīnau koʻikoʻi loa kēia. ʻAʻole laha pinepine ka maʻi `HPS` mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka. Wahi a nā kānaka noiʻi lapaʻau, ʻo kahi ʻano Hantavirus kikoʻī wale nō i loaʻa ma Argentina a me Chile i ʻike ʻia e laha mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka. No laila, he maʻi maʻamau kēia i laha mai nā ʻiole a i nā kānaka, ʻaʻole ia he maʻi e laha maʻalahi ma waena o nā kānaka.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka HPS?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o HPS, e nīnau ke kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a hana i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino. Eia kekahi, hiki iā lākou ke nīnau iā ʻoe i nā nīnau e like me:

• Ua hālāwai anei ʻoe me kekahi ʻiole hihiu i hala koke aku nei?
• Ua hoʻomoana anei ʻoe i kēia mau lā iho nei, a ua noho paha i loko o kahi hale i loko o ka ululāʻau?
• Ke noho nei ʻoe a hana paha ma kahi ululāʻau?
• Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kekahi lepo ʻiole/ʻiole i loko o kou home a i ʻole kahi hana?

ʻAe kēia ʻike i ke kauka e hana i nā hoʻokolohua no ka maʻi HPS i manaʻo ʻia, a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i hoʻouna ʻia e nā ʻiole.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike ai i ka HPS?

Hiki i ke kauka ke hōʻoia inā he HPS kou me kahi hoʻāʻo koko .

I loko o kahi hoʻāʻo koko, lawe lākou i kahi hāpana koko liʻiliʻi mai kahi aʻa koko ma kou lima me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila liʻiliʻi (e like me ka niho niho). A laila, nānā ʻia ke koko ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau antibodies (nā protein a kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale e hana ai e hakakā i nā maʻi) i hana ʻia e kūʻē i ka maʻi.

Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua koko ke hōʻike i nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o HPS. No ka laʻana, kahi helu kiʻekiʻe loa o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo (ʻo ia nā hunaola e hakakā nei i nā maʻi i loko o ko mākou kino) a me kahi helu haʻahaʻa loa o nā platelets (kahi mea e kōkua ai i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko). Hiki i kāu kauka ke nānā i nā pae oxygen i loko o kou koko.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka HPS?

He mea nui e mālama i ka HPS i ka hikiwawe loa. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ka maʻi flū ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā ʻōpala ʻiole/ʻiole, e ʻike koke i ke kauka.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia ka HPS ma kahi keʻena mālama koʻikoʻi (ICU) . E nānā pono nā kauka i kou kūlana a hāʻawi paha i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī e like me:

• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau oxygen (inā paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana).
• E hoʻolako i ke kino me nā wai e pono ai (Fluid replacement) (e pale i ka maloʻo ʻana o ka wai).
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau koko (inā haʻahaʻa ke koko).
• He lāʻau antiviral ka Ribavirin .
• Ea hoʻouluulu kino (kōkua me ka mīkini inā paʻakikī loa ka hanu ʻana).
• Dialysis (inā pilikia nā puʻupaʻa).

I kekahi mau hihia koʻikoʻi loa , hoʻohana pū nā kauka i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo `ECMO` (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation). ʻO kēia ka lawe ʻana i ke koko mai ke kino, hoʻohui i ka oxygen i kēlā koko ma o kahi mīkini, a hoʻihoʻi iā ia i ke kino. He lāʻau lapaʻau paʻakikī loa kēia.

E hoʻomaikaʻi anei ʻo HPS? Pehea ka lōʻihi?

Inā ola ʻoe i nā lā mua o ka wā koʻikoʻi o HPS, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka e ʻoluʻolu i loko o kekahi mau pule. Hoʻōla piha ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loko o kekahi mau pule o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho? / He aha kaʻu e hana ai a hiki i koʻu ho'ōla ʻana?

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke ʻike koke i ke kauka inā manaʻo ʻoe ua maʻi ʻoe ma hope o kou noho ʻana ma kahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻōpala o ka ʻiole/ʻiole. No ka hoʻōla piha ʻana, pono ʻoe e hahai pono i ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau a kāu kauka e hāʻawi ai iā ʻoe.

Ke ʻole koʻikoʻi loa ka maʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaha nui a inu i nā wai he nui (e like me ka wai a me ka wai huaʻai).Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka wikiwiki o ka ho'ōla hou ʻana.

He aha kā mākou e hana ai e hōʻemi i ka hanana o ka `HPS`? (Nā ʻano pale)

ʻAʻohe lāʻau pale no ka HPS i kēia manawa. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi:

• E noho mamao aku mai nā ʻiole hihiu a me nā ʻiole. E pale i ka noho ʻana ma kahi a lākou e lepo ai.
• I ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā wahi i loaʻa ai nā lepo ʻiole/ʻiole, e ʻaʻahu i nā mīkina lima laholio a me kahi pale maka e uhi ana i kou ihu a me kou waha.
• E hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i nā wahi i loaʻa ai nā lepo ʻiole/ʻiole me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Mai kāhili i ka lepo o ka ʻiole/ʻiole me ka lole ʻūlū. Inā ʻoe e kāhili iā lākou, hiki ke hui pū ʻia nā ʻāpana i loaʻa i ka maʻi me ka lepo a hanu ʻia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻū ʻana i ka wahi me ka wai a laila holoi aku.
• Inā he mau lua i loko a i ʻole a puni kou hale e ʻae ai i nā ʻiole/ʻiole e komo, e sila pono iā lākou.
• E kau i nā pahele ʻiole a me nā pahele ʻiole i loko a puni ka hale e hōʻemi i ka heluna ʻiole/ʻiole.
• E pale i ka waiho ʻana i ka meaʻai ma waho o ka home. E akahele me ka meaʻai ʻoiai i ka wā e hoʻomoana ai.
• Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi wahi āu i ʻike ai he ʻiole/ʻiole (e laʻa me nā lumi waihona kahiko, nā hale papaʻa), e hōʻoia e hoʻoluʻu maikaʻi i ka ea. E wehe i nā puka a me nā puka makani a kali iki ma mua o ke komo ʻana.

He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka HPS?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka HPS, he mea nui e ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā ʻaʻole e mālama koke ʻia, hiki i ka HPS ke make.

Eia nō naʻe, me ka mālama kūpono, hoʻōla piha ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me HPS me ka ʻole o nā hopena lōʻihi.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Hiki ke like nā hōʻailona o ka HPS me nā maʻi maʻamau ʻē aʻe, e like me ka niumonia a i ʻole ka maʻi palū. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e mālama i ka HPS no ka mea hiki ke lilo koke i mea koʻikoʻi. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka HPS (e like me ke kuni, ka ʻeha o ke kino, a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana) ma hope o ka launa ʻana me nā ʻiole hihiu a i ʻole kā lākou mau mea huna, e ʻike koke i ke kauka.

Āhea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻi i nā hana maʻamau?

Ma hope o ka hoʻōla maikaʻi ʻana, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka e ʻoluʻolu koke - maʻamau i loko o kekahi mau lā. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hala i hoʻokahi mahina a ʻoi aku paha no kekahi mau hana māmā e hoʻi i ka maʻamau. E haʻi pololei kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i kāu mau hana maʻamau, me ka hoʻoikaika kino.

He aha nā nīnau āu e nīnau ai i ke kauka?

Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka, he mea maikaʻi ke nīnau i nā nīnau e like me kēia:

• Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome?
• Pehea i loaʻa ai iaʻu kēia `HPS`?
• He aha nā hoʻokolohua āu e hana ai e ʻike ai i ka HPS?
• Pehea ke koʻikoʻi o koʻu kūlana?
• Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e ʻōlelo nei?
• Āhea wau e hoʻomaka ai e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi?
• He aha hou aʻe kaʻu e hana ai e wikiwiki ai koʻu ho'ōla ʻana?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, kekahi mau mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

He mau holoholona maikaʻi nā ʻiole a me nā ʻiole me nā maka nui, nā pepeiao nui, nā ihu poni, a me nā lālā liʻiliʻi, akā hiki iā kākou ke loaʻa nā maʻi mai nā ʻiole/ʻiole hihiu. ʻO kekahi maʻi a lākou e hoʻolaha ai ʻo Hantavirus. Hoʻokumu kēia maʻi i kahi maʻi laha ʻole akā koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS).

ʻOiai paha e like nā hōʻailona me ka maʻi palū i ka wā mua, ʻoiai e holomua mālie ana kēia a hoʻopilikia i nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana a me ka puʻuwai wikiwiki. Hiki i ka HPS ke make inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia.

No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me ka maʻi palū ma hope o kou noho ʻana ma kahi i loaʻa ai nā lepo ʻiole/ʻiole a i ʻole kahi e noho ai nā ʻiole/ʻiole, e ʻoluʻolu e ʻike koke i ke kauka. E haʻi pū i ke kauka i ka manawa a me kahi āu i noho ai ma ia wahi. ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou ʻike ʻia ʻana me ka `HPS`, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kou manawa e ho'ōla piha ai.

ʻO Hantavirus, HPS, ʻiole, ʻiole, nā maʻi viral, nā maʻi māmā, ke kuni ʻiole