ʻO ka mīkini kupaianaha o ko kākou kino: E aʻo kākou i nā mea āpau e pili ana i ka puʻuwai!

Ua kau anei ʻoe i kou lima ma kou umauma i kahi manawa mālie a pani i kou mau maka a hoʻolohe? ʻO kēlā leo "lub-dub... lub-dub..." āu e manaʻo ai a lohe ai, ʻo ia ka hōʻike nui loa e ola ana ʻoe. Loaʻa kēlā leo mai ka mīkini kupaianaha loa, ʻaʻole e pau i loko o ko kākou kino. ʻO ia ko kākou puʻuwai. Ua ʻike maoli anei kākou e pili ana i kēia ʻōkana liʻiliʻi e hana ana me ka ʻole o kahi kekona hoʻomaha mai ka lā i hānau ʻia ai kākou a hiki i ka lā e make ai kākou? I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia puʻuwai aloha kahi e hilinaʻi ai ko kākou ola.

He aha ka puʻuwai? He aha ka lawelawe āna e hāʻawi ai i ke kino?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻōkana ikaika loa ka puʻuwai a he ʻiʻo paha e like me ka nui o kou lima. ʻO ia ke kikowaena o ke kahe koko ma loko o ko kākou kino, e like me ke kahua kaʻa nui ma ke kūlanakauhale. Kāhea pū mākou iā ia ʻo ka ʻōnaehana kahe koko.

ʻO ka hana nui o ka puʻuwai, ʻo ia ke kaomi ʻana i ke koko ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. I kēia manawa, ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe, "No laila he aha ka mea e hana ʻia ke kaomi ʻia ke koko?" E noʻonoʻo, pono nā miliona o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou kino i ka ikehu a me ka oxygen e hana ai. E like me kā kākou e pono ai i ka meaʻai a me ka hanu e ola ai. No laila, ʻo ke koko a ka puʻuwai e kaomi ai, ʻo ia ka mea e lawe ai i kēia oxygen a me nā meaʻai a hāʻawi iā lākou i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ke kino. ʻO ia hoʻi ka mea e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā huahana ʻōpala e like me ke kalapona ʻokikene e hōʻiliʻili ana i loko o nā ʻāpana i kā lākou hana ʻana a hāʻawi iā lākou i nā ʻōpū pili (e like me nā māmā a me nā puʻupaʻa) no ka hoʻolei ʻana.

ʻAʻole wale ia, hana ka puʻuwai i kekahi mau hana koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe:

• Hoʻomalu ia i ke ʻano a me ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai. Ke haʻi aku nei ko kākou lolo a me ka ʻōnaehana nerve i ko kākou puʻuwai e kuʻi lohi i ka wā e hiamoe ana a e kuʻi wikiwiki i ka wā e holo ana.
• Hoʻomalu ʻia ke kaomi koko. He kuleana nō hoʻi ia o ka puʻuwai e mālama i ke kaomi i loko o nā kīʻaha koko ma ka pae kūpono.

ʻAʻole hana wale ka puʻuwai e hana pono i kēia hana. Hana pū kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve a me ka ʻōnaehana endocrine me ka puʻuwai. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana nerve ka mea e hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona i ka puʻuwai e wikiwiki i ka wā e makaʻu ai mākou a hauʻoli paha, a e lohi i ka wā e hoʻomaha ai mākou. Kōkua nā hormones i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana endocrine i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ke koko ma ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko e ʻūlū a hoʻonui paha.

E wehe anei kākou i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai?

Ua like ka puʻuwai me kahi hale i hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻia. Loaʻa iā ia nā paia, nā lumi, nā puka, nā paipu wai, a me kahi ʻōnaehana o nā uea uila. E nānā kākou i kēlā me kēia o lākou pākahi.

ʻO nā paia a me ka uhi pale o ka puʻuwai

ʻO nā paia o ka puʻuwai nā ʻiʻo e ʻaelike a hoʻonui e pamu i ke koko. Aia ma waenakonu o kēia mau paia kahi papa mānoanoa o nā ʻiʻo, a mākou e kapa nei he septum. ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale i ka puʻuwai i nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau a me hema.

ʻEkolu papa nui o ka paia o ka puʻuwai:

• Endocardium: ʻO kēia ka papa o loko loa.
• ʻIʻo puʻuwai `(Myocardium)`:ʻO kēia ka papa waena, ka papa ʻiʻo i hana nui ʻia.
• ʻEpicardium: ʻO kēia ka papa pale waho loa.

Ua uhi hou ʻia ka puʻuwai holoʻokoʻa i loko o kahi ʻeke pale i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pericardium . ʻO kahi wai kūikawā i loko o kēia ʻeke e kōkua i ka puʻuwai e holo me ka ʻole o ka paʻi ʻana i nā kino ʻē aʻe i ka wā e paʻi ai.

Nā Keʻena ʻEhā o ka Puʻuwai

ʻEhā mau keʻena nui i loko o ka puʻuwai. ʻElua keʻena ma ka papahele luna a ʻelua keʻena ma ka papahele lalo. E like me ka hale ʻelua papahele. Kāhea mākou i nā keʻena ma ka papahele luna ʻo Atria , a ʻo nā keʻena ma ka papahele lalo ʻo Ventricles .

Nā Valves Puʻuwai

I ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i mua a i hope ma waena o nā keʻena o ka puʻuwai, aia kahi ʻōnaehana o nā puka e pale aku ai i kona kahe ʻana i hope i ke ala hewa. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau puka he "Valves" . Hāmama kēia mau puka i ka wā e kahe ai ke koko i hoʻokahi ala, a pani paʻa hou i ka wā e pau ai kekahi o ke koko.

ʻEhā ʻano nui o nā valves:

• ʻO ka valve Tricuspid: ʻO ka puka ma waena o ka atrium ʻākau a me ka ventricle ʻākau.
• Kiwikā puʻuwai: ʻO ka puka kahi e hoʻomaka ai ke aʻa e lawe ana i ke koko mai ka ventricle ʻākau i nā māmā.
• ʻO ka valve mitral: ʻO ka puka ma waena o ka atrium hema a me ka ventricle hema.
• ʻO ka valve aortic: ʻO ka puka ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke aʻa nui (Aorta) e lawe ana i ke koko mai ka ventricle hema i ke kino holoʻokoʻa.

Nā kīʻaha koko

Ua kapa mākou i ka ʻōnaehana o nā ʻōmole e lawe ana i ke koko i pamu ʻia e ka puʻuwai ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa a hoʻi i ka puʻuwai he "Nā ʻAʻa Koko." ʻEkolu ʻano kēia.

• Nā Arteri: ʻO kēia nā ʻōmole mānoanoa e lawe i ke koko oxygenated mai ka puʻuwai a i ke koena o ke kino.
• Nā aʻa koko: ʻO kēia nā ʻōmole e lawe ana i ke koko nele i ka oxygen i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻāpana o ke kino i ka puʻuwai.
• Nā Capillaries: Nā kīʻaha koko lahilahi loa, e like me ka lauoho e hoʻopili ana i nā aʻa a me nā veins. Aia i loko o kēia mau capillaries e loaʻa ai i nā cell ka oxygen a wehe i ke kalapona dioxide.

Ke 'au' o ka puʻuwai - pehea e kāohi ʻia ai kēia kuʻi ʻana?

ʻAʻole wale ka puʻuwai he ʻāpana ʻiʻo. Loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻōnaehana uila kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo "Electrical Conduction System" e hoʻomau i ke kuʻi ʻana i kahi mele maʻamau. Ua like ia me ka ʻōnaehana uea i loko o kahi hale.

Aia kekahi mau ʻāpana nui o kēia ʻōnaehana:

• ʻO ke kiko Sinoatrial (SA): ʻO kēia ka pacemaker kūlohelohe o ka puʻuwai. Hoʻomaka ka hōʻailona uila e haʻi i ka puʻuwai i ka wikiwiki o ke kuʻi ʻana ma ʻaneʻi.
• ʻO ke kiko Atrioventricular (AV): Lawe kēia i ka hōʻailona mai ke kiko SA, hoʻopaneʻe iki iā ia, a hoʻouna iā ia i nā keʻena haʻahaʻa ʻelua (atria) o ka puʻuwai.
• Nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe (Bundle of His, nā olonā Purkinje): Lawe kēia i ka hōʻailona mai ke kikowaena AV ma nā keʻena haʻahaʻa o ka puʻuwai, e hoʻoulu ai iā lākou e ʻaelike koke.

Ma kēia ʻano, ma hope o ka ʻaelike ʻana o nā keʻena luna ʻelua a me ka pamu ʻana i ke koko, i loko o ka hapaʻumi o kekona, ʻaelike nā keʻena lalo ʻelua a me ka pamu ʻana i ke koko i ke kino a me nā māmā. Inā he hewa iki i loko o kēia ʻōnaehana uila, a laila e kū mai nā puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole (arrhythmia).

He aha nā maʻi maʻamau e hoʻopilikia ai i ka puʻuwai?

ʻOiai he ʻōkana koʻikoʻi ka puʻuwai i loko o ko kākou kino, he mea nui loa ia iā kākou e makaʻala i nā maʻi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia iā ia.

Eia kekahi mau maʻi puʻuwai maʻamau:

• Nā ʻano kuʻi ʻole o ka puʻuwai (Arrhythmia): Kuʻi wikiwiki loa ka puʻuwai, lohi loa, a i ʻole i loko o kahi ʻano kuʻi kūpono ʻole.
• Cardiomyopathy: Ka mānoanoa, ka hoʻonui ʻana, a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka ʻiʻo o ka puʻuwai.
• Hoʻouka puʻuwai / Myocardial infarction: He pani koke ʻana o kahi aʻa coronary e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka puʻuwai, e hopena ana i ka nele o ke koko a me ka oxygen i kahi ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai.
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻa coronary: Hoʻohaiki ʻia nā aʻa e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka puʻuwai e nā waihona o nā mea like me ka cholesterol (kapa mākou i kēia 'plaque').
• Maʻi kīwila puʻuwai: ʻAʻole hana pono nā ʻīpuka o ka puʻuwai, a i ʻole nā ​​kīwila, a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua.
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe: ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaomi i hoʻokau ʻia ma nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko ma mua o ka maʻamau.
• Kolesterol kiʻekiʻe: Nui loa nā momona i loko o ke koko.

Nā hōʻailona a me nā hoʻokolohua e hōʻike ana i kahi pilikia puʻuwai

Inā he pilikia me ka puʻuwai, e hāʻawi kou kino iā ʻoe i nā hōʻailona. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, he mea nui loa e ʻike koke i ke kauka .

Nā hōʻailona e makaʻala ai

• ʻEha a ʻoluʻolu ʻole paha o ka umauma: He manaʻo o ka ʻūmiʻi a i ʻole ka paʻa i loko o ka umauma.
• Pōkole o ka hanu: Manaʻo luhi ʻoiai ma hope o ka hele wāwae ʻana i kahi mamao pōkole.
• Palpitations: He manaʻo o ka puʻuwai e kuʻi wikiwiki ana .
• Ka poniuniu a i ʻole ka māʻule ʻana.
• Ka pehu ʻana o nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o ke kino, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā wāwae.
• Luhi loa.

Nā ʻano hana e nānā ai i ke olakino o ka puʻuwai

Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka, hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hoʻokolohua ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona.

• Ke ana ʻana o ke koko.
• ECG (Electrocardiogram - EKG): Ke hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hana uila o ka puʻuwai.
• Echocardiogram: ʻO ka echocardiogram kahi hoʻāʻo e hoʻohana ana i nā nalu kani e hana i kiʻi o ka puʻuwai.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: E nānā i nā mea e like me nā pae cholesterol a me nā pae kō.
• Hoʻoikaika kino ECG `(Hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi)`: Ke nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana a ka puʻuwai i ka wā o ka hoʻoikaika kino.
• Angiogram: He hoʻāʻo X-ray kūikawā e nānā i nā ālai ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko o ka puʻuwai.

Pehea ʻoe e mālama ai i kou puʻuwai olakino a ikaika hoʻi?

ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻololi liʻiliʻi i ko mākou nohona, hiki iā mākou ke hele lōʻihi i ka pale ʻana i ke olakino o ko mākou puʻuwai.

• E ʻai i ka meaʻai olakino no ka puʻuwai. E ʻai i nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai, nā legume, a me nā palaoa piha (e like me ka laiki ʻeleʻele a me ka oatmeal). E hōʻemi i ka ʻaila, ka paʻakai, ke kō, a me ka meaʻai wikiwiki i ka hiki.
• E noho ikaika. E hana ma ka liʻiliʻi he 150 mau minuke o ka hoʻoikaika kino ikaika i kēlā me kēia pule (30 mau minuke i ka lā, 5 mau lā o ka pule). ʻO ka hele wāwae wikiwiki, ka holo ʻana, a me ka ʻauʻau ʻana he mau ʻano hoʻoikaika kino maikaʻi.
• E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha kūpono no kou kiʻekiʻe he mea kōkua nui ia no kou puʻuwai.
• E pale loa i ka puhipaka. ʻO ka puhipaka kekahi o nā ʻenemi nui loa o ka puʻuwai. Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka no ke kōkua e haʻalele.
• E hoʻokele i ke kaumaha. He ʻenemi leo ʻole ke kaumaha. E hoʻomaha i kou noʻonoʻo ma o nā mea e like me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ka yoga, a me ke komo ʻana i kahi leʻaleʻa maikaʻi.
• E hana i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau. He mea nui loa ka nānā pinepine ʻana i kou koko, ka cholesterol, a me nā pae kō, ʻoiai ma hope o 40 mau makahiki.