E aʻo hou kākou e pili ana i ka Leptospirosis - Pehea e palekana ai mai ia mea!

I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi weliweli i kamaʻilio pinepine ʻia i ka wā ua ma ko kākou ʻāina. Ua lohe anei ʻoe i ka 'bee fever' ? ʻO ia ke ʻano. Akā ma ke ʻano lapaʻau, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Leptospirosis. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia, pehea i hana ʻia ai, he aha nā hōʻailona, ​​a pehea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho mai ia mea.

He aha ka Leptospirosis? Ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi...

He maʻi ʻo Leptospirosis i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi ʻano bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo Leptospira. Hiki i kēia bacteria ke komo i kou kino ma o kahi ʻōpala liʻiliʻi a ʻoki paha ma kou ʻili, a i ʻole ma o nā wahi hāmama e like me kou mau maka, ihu, a waha paha. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka ʻaihue e komo ana i loko o kou hale.

He maʻi zoonotic kēia. ʻO ke ʻano kēia hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka maʻi inā ʻoe e pili pono ana me ka mimi (kapa mākou he mimi ) a i ʻole nā ​​​​wai mai ka ʻōnaehana hānau o kahi holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi, a inā ʻoe e ʻai i ka wai, ka lepo, a i ʻole ka meaʻai i haumia me kēia bacteria.

ʻO wai ka mea i pilikia nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia?

ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i kekahi ma ka honua ke loaʻa i ka leptospirosis. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau ma nā ʻāina wela a wela hoʻi, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wahi me ka ua maikaʻi i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa . ʻO ko mākou ʻāina, ʻo Sri Lanka, kekahi o lākou. No laila, inā ʻoe e noho ana ma ia wahi, a inā ʻoe e hele, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia.

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kēia ʻano:

• Nā mahiʻai e hana ana ma nā mahina ʻai , nā kānaka e hana ana ma nā wahi pulu.
• ʻO ka poʻe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻōnaehana paipu , nā limahana o ke kūlanakauhale.
• ʻO ka poʻe e hana pū ana me nā holoholona ma nā mahiʻai (nā holoholona e like me nā bipi, nā kao, nā puaʻa, a me nā ʻīlio).
• No ka poʻe e ʻau ana i ka wai lepo i ka wā o nā pōʻino kūlohelohe e like me ke kahe ʻana , a no nā limahana kōkua.
• I kekahi manawa, hiki ke loaʻa kēia pilikia i ka wā e ʻauʻau ana i loko o ka muliwai, ke kahawai, ka muliwai, a i ʻole ka loko no ka leʻaleʻa , ʻoiai ma nā wahi i manaʻo ʻia ai he lepo ka wai, a i ʻole i ka wā e hana ana i nā haʻuki wai (e like me ka holo waʻa wai keʻokeʻo). ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia pilikia i ka wā ua a ma hope o ke kahe ʻana o ke kai.

ʻOiai ma ʻAmelika, ua laha kēia maʻi ma hope o ke kahe ʻana ma nā mokuʻāina e like me Hawaiʻi a me Florida. No laila, ʻaʻole kēia he mea e lawe māmā ʻia.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi? Pehea ia i waena o nā kānaka?

Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi miliona mau kānaka e loaʻa ana i ka leptospirosis i kēlā me kēia makahiki . Ma waena o kēia mau mea , kokoke i kanaono tausani e make ana . ʻO ia hoʻi, he maʻi make kēia. No laila he mea nui iā kākou e makaʻala i kēia.

He aha nā pae o ka leptospirosis?

ʻElua mau pae nui o ka leptospirosis.

1. Ka pae Leptospiremic a i ʻole ka pae koʻikoʻi:ʻO kēia ke kahua mua. Hiki ke hoʻomaka kēia kahua i ʻelua a ʻumikumamāhā mau lā ma hope o ke komo ʻana o ka bacteria 'Leptospira' i ke kino. ʻO ka maʻamau, he ʻekolu a ʻumi mau lā ka lōʻihi. I loko o kēia manawa, kaʻapuni ka bacteria i loko o kou koko a hele i kou mau ʻōpū o loko . Hiki i kahi hoʻāʻo koko i kēia manawa ke hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi e like me ke kuni i kēia manawa, aʻo kekahi poʻe ʻaʻohe hōʻailona iki.

2. Ka pae pale ʻana (ka pae hope): I loko o kēia pae, ua laha nā bacteria mai ke koko a i kou mau kino. Hōʻiliʻili kēia bacteria i loko o nā puʻupaʻa, ʻoi aku hoʻi i loko o nā puʻupaʻa . (Ua like nā puʻupaʻa me kahi kānana i loko o ko mākou kino e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke koko). No laila, inā ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo mimi i kēia manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka bacteria. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā antibodies e kūʻē i ka bacteria 'Leptospira' i loko o kou koko.

I loko o kēia pane ʻana o ka pale ʻana o ka maʻi, loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo Weil's syndrome . Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko, ka hōʻino ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa, a me ka melemele o nā maka a me ka ʻili (jaundice).

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka leptospirosis?

Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe nā hōʻailona iki e like me ke kuni, aʻo kekahi poʻe ʻaʻohe hōʻailona iki. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, ʻo nā hōʻailona e komo pū me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko a me ka hōʻino ʻana o nā kino.

Nā hōʻailona e ʻike koke ʻia ma ka leptospirosis koʻikoʻi:

• Loaʻa i ke kuni kiʻekiʻe
• ʻUlaʻula o nā maka (ʻinikini conjunctival)
• ʻEha poʻo
• Anuanu ( manaʻo anuanu )
• ʻEhaʻeha ʻiʻo
• ʻEha ʻōpū
• Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
• Ka maʻi pākī
• Melemele o ka ʻili a me nā maka (Jaundice) - He hōʻailona kēia e pono ai ʻoe e makaʻala.
• He ʻulaʻula ʻili, he ʻulaʻula

Nā hōʻailona o ka leptospirosis koʻikoʻi "Weil's syndrome" (hiki ke ʻike ʻia he 3-10 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hōʻailona mua):

• Ke ʻū ʻana i ke koko (hemoptysis)
• ʻEha umauma
• Ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana
• Melemele ʻeleʻele o ka ʻili a me nā maka
• ʻEleʻele a ʻūlū ka lepo - He hōʻailona paha kēia o ke kahe koko i loko.
• Ke koko i loko o ka mimi (hematuria)
• Ka emi ʻana o ka mimi ʻana
• Nā kiko ʻulaʻula pālahalaha ma ka ʻili, e like me ka ʻōpala (petechiae)

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau ʻōuli koʻikoʻi, pono ʻoe e hele koke i ka haukapila .

Nā kumu a me ka laha ʻana o ka leptospirosis

E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka leptospirosis e kahi bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Leptospira'. Komo kēia bacteria i kou kino ma o kou waha, ihu, maka, a i ʻole kahi haki i kou ʻili. A laila hele ia ma o kou kahe koko i kou mau kino, ʻoiai kou mau puʻupaʻa. ʻO nā puʻupaʻa kahi e "hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ai ko mākou koko".

Hoʻokuʻu nā puʻupaʻa i nā huahana ʻōpala a me nā mea ʻawahia ma o ka mimi. No laila, puka pū kēia mau bacteria i loko o nā puʻupaʻa i ke kino ma o ka mimi. Pēlā e laha ai ka leptospirosis i kekahi kanaka a holoholona paha.

ʻO ka hapa pinepine, loaʻa i nā kānaka kēia maʻi ma o ka mimi o nā holoholona i loaʻa ka bacteria `Leptospira`. ʻO nā ʻiole nā ​​mea lawe nui, ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ʻo `rat fever'. Akā, ʻaʻole wale nā ​​ʻiole, akā, hiki i nā mammal e like me nā ʻīlio, nā bipi, nā lio, nā puaʻa ke loaʻa i kēia maʻi, a hiki iā kākou ke loaʻa mai iā lākou. ʻAʻole paha e hōʻike kekahi mau holoholona i nā hōʻailona ke loaʻa iā lākou ka maʻi.

No laila, inā ʻoe e launa pū me ka wai (wai pāpaʻi, wai ʻino, wai kahe) a i ʻole ka lepo i haumia ʻia me ka mimi o kēia mau holoholona, ​​hiki iā ʻoe ke maʻi. Maʻalahi:

• Ka pilina pololei me ka mimi a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​wai kino ʻē aʻe o kahi holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi.
• Ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka wai haumia a i ʻole ka lepo i loko o kou mau maka, ihu, a waha paha, a i ʻole ma ka hoʻopā ʻana i kahi ʻili i haki .

Ma hope o ka ua nui a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana, hiki i nā kānaka he nui ke loaʻa i kēia maʻi i ka manawa hoʻokahi. I ke kahe ʻana o nā wai kahe, hōʻiliʻili kēia bacteria i loko o nā muliwai, nā kahawai, a me nā loko.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole laha pinepine ka leptospirosis mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke laha ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana a i ʻole ke lulu lima ʻana me kahi kanaka maʻi.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai kēia maʻi? (Diagnosis)

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka leptospirosis, e nānā ke kauka iā ʻoe a nīnau e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​​​i kou wahi i hele ai (ʻoi aku hoʻi inā ua pili ʻoe i ka wai haumia), a me kāu mea e hana ai. A laila, hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua aʻe:

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko a me ka mimi: Lawe ʻia kahi koko liʻiliʻi mai kou lima, a i ʻole lawe ʻia kahi hāpana mimi, a hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka bacteria Leptospira.
• Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke hana i kahi X-ray umauma a i ʻole CT scan . Hiki i kēia ke nānā no ka hōʻino ʻia o kou mau kino i loko.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka leptospirosis?

Hoʻōla nā kauka i ka leptospirosis me nā lāʻau antibiotic . Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona maʻalahi a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi, e haʻi paha lākou iā ʻoe e ʻike inā e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻoe me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, akā pono ʻoe e makaʻala i kāu mau hōʻailona.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka leptospirosis koʻikoʻi (e like me ka Weil's syndrome), pono ʻoe e lawe ʻia i ka haukapila.A laila hāʻawi pololei ʻia nā antibiotics i loko o ke koko ma o kahi wai saline (IV). Ma muli o ka mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia e kou mau kino, pono paha nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau hou aʻe.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻano hana i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana:

• Nā lāʻau ʻaʻai: Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau ʻaʻai e like me doxycycline, amoxicillin , ampicillin, penicillin-G, a me ceftriaxone no kēia. Na ke kauka e hoʻoholo i ka lāʻau e hāʻawi iā ʻoe ma muli o ke ʻano o kou kūlana a me kou mōʻaukala olakino.
• Hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ea: Inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi i kou mau māmā a ke pilikia nei ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana, pono paha e hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i kahi mīkini e hanu ai. I loko o kēia manawa, e hoʻomoe ʻia ʻoe.
• Plasmapheresis: Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi he hoʻololi plasma, hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke kōkua i ka poʻe i pilikia i ka hōʻino ʻia o nā kino mai ka leptospirosis. Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kou koko ma o kahi paipu i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi aʻa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini e hoʻokaʻawale i ka plasma mai kou koko, e hoʻololi iā ia me kahi pani plasma, a laila e hoʻokomo hou i ke koko i loko o kou kino.

Pehea e mālama ai i nā hōʻailona?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona iki, e haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka mea e hana ai e kōkua i ka hoʻomaha ʻana iā lākou. No ke kuni a me nā ʻeha kino, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i nā lāʻau hoʻomaha ʻeha ma luna o ke kauka e like me ka ibuprofen (e.g., Advil®, Motrin®) a i ʻole acetaminophen (e.g., Tylenol®, Panadol®). Akā , mai lawe mau i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻole o ka ʻōlelo aʻo a kāu kauka .

Pehea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho mai ka leptospirosis? (Kāohi ʻana)

ʻAʻohe lāʻau pale no kēia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kēia manawa, a pēlā nō hoʻi ma ko kākou ʻāina. No laila, ʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho mai ka leptospirosis, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i ka ʻauʻau ʻana i loko a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i loko o ka wai i haumia paha me ka mimi holoholona . E noho mamao loa mai nā wai kahe.

Eia kekahi mau ala ʻē aʻe e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou pilikia:

• Ke Lawe nei i ka Prophylaxis: Inā ʻoe e hele ana i kahi wahi pilikia nui a i ʻole e hana ana i kahi hana pilikia nui (e.g., hana kōkua waikahe), e nīnau i kāu kauka inā hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau (e.g., doxycycline) e pale aku i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi.
• E noho mamao aku mai nā holoholona i loaʻa paha i ka leptospirosis. Mai hele i kahi e noho ai nā ʻiole.
• Inā ʻoe e hana me nā holoholona a i ʻole ʻoe i loko o kahi kaiapuni e pili ana i nā holoholona, ​​​​e ʻaʻahu i nā lole pale a me nā kāmaʻa (e.g., nā kāmaʻa puki i ka wā e hele ai i ke kula).
• Inā pono ʻoe e kau i kou mau lima i loko o ka wai a i ʻole ka lepo i haumia paha, e ʻaʻahu i nā kāmaʻa pale a me nā lole.
• E ho'ōki i ka ʻauʻau ʻana a me ka pāʻani ʻana i nā haʻuki wai ma nā loko, nā muliwai, a me nā kahawai ma hope o ke kahe ʻana o ke kai.
• E inu wale i ka wai i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia. Mai inu pololei i ka wai mai nā loko, nā muliwai, a i ʻole nā ​​kahawai. Ma ka liʻiliʻi e hoʻolapalapa maikaʻi a inu.
• Inā pono ʻoe e lawelawe i nā holoholona make, e ʻaʻahu i nā mīkina lima. Mai hoʻopā aku iā lākou me nā lima ʻōlohelohe, a holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa ma hope.
• E uhi i nā ʻeha hāmama a me nā kahakaha ma kou ʻili me kahi pāpale pale wai.

He aha ka mea e hana ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka leptospirosis? (Prognosis)

He akahai ka hapa nui o nā hihia o ka leptospirosis, a i kekahi manawa e hoʻopau ʻia me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau . Eia nō naʻe, e nānā ke kauka i kāu mau hōʻailona.

Inā e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​a inā paha e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona hou, e haʻi koke i kāu kauka. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi Weil, e hele i ka lumi pilikia ma ka haukapila kokoke loa iā ʻoe.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka leptospirosis?

Hiki i ka leptospirosis ʻoluʻolu ke mau mai kekahi mau lā a i kekahi mau pule. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka leptospirosis koʻikoʻi, pono ʻoe e noho i ka haukapila no ʻelua pule. Hiki i nā hihia koʻikoʻi ke hala i kekahi mau mahina e ho'ōla piha ai.

Āhea e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻi i ka hana/kula?

ʻAʻole laha pinepine ka leptospirosis mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka, no laila ke ola maikaʻi ʻoe a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka hana a i ke kula paha.

Ke ola nei anei nā kānaka i ka leptospirosis?

ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka leptospirosis ʻaʻohe o lākou hōʻailona, ​​​​a i ʻole nā ​​​​hōʻailona liʻiliʻi loa, a hoʻopau lākou iā lākou iho.

Ma kahi o 1% wale nō o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka leptospirosis e loaʻa i ke ʻano koʻikoʻi i ʻike ʻia ʻo `Weil's syndrome.` Hiki i ka Weil's syndrome ke make inā ʻaʻole mālama koke ʻia a i ʻole inā hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka mālama ʻana. Eia nō naʻe , inā ʻike mua ʻia a mālama pono ʻia, aia kahi manawa kūpono e hoʻōla piha ai.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho?

Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me ka leptospirosis, e makaʻala pono i kāu mau hōʻailona. E haʻi i kāu kauka inā e ʻoi aku ka ʻino a inā paha e loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona hou. E inu i ka nui o nā wai a hoʻomaha.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā ua pili ʻoe i ka wai a i ʻole ka lepo i haumia ʻia a laila loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona o ka leptospirosis, e ʻike i ke kauka.

Āhea ʻoe e hele ai i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​e hele koke i ka haukapila kokoke loa:

• Inā ʻoe e ʻū a kahe ke koko
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha o ka umauma
• Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana
• Inā melemele nā ​​maka a me ka ʻili
• Inā he ʻeleʻele kou mau ʻōpala tarry
• Inā he koko i loko o ka mimi
• Inā ua emi ka nui o ka mimi i hana ʻia
• Inā he mau kiko ʻulaʻula kou ma kou ʻili (e like me ka ʻulaʻula)

He aha nā nīnau āu e nīnau ai i ke kauka?

Ke ʻike ʻoe i kāu kauka, hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kēia mau nīnau:

• Pehea i loaʻa ai iaʻu kēia maʻi?
• Āhea wau e ʻike hou ai i ke kauka?
• He aha nā hōʻailona e pono iaʻu e makaʻala, a inā loaʻa lākou, pono anei iaʻu e kamaʻilio me ʻoe?
• He aha nā hōʻailona e pono ai iaʻu e hele i ka lumi pilikia?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻO Leptospirosis, a i ʻole 'fiva ʻiole' e like me kā mākou e kapa nei, he maʻi ia e hōʻike pinepine ai i nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi, akā hiki ke koʻikoʻi i kekahi manawa. He mea nui e ʻike inā ʻoe e pilikia ana i ka hoʻopili ʻia ma muli o kāu hana a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​leʻaleʻa.

Akā, ʻaʻole ia manaʻo e hoʻōki ʻoe i ka hoe ʻana i kāu waʻa a me ka hoe ʻana ma nā kula. Ma ka ʻike ʻana i nā pilikia, ka mālama ʻana i nā hana palekana, a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona, ​​hiki iā ʻoe ke noho olakino a palekana. E makaʻala loa i ka wā ua a me ke kahe ʻana o ke kai. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kou wahi a puni he ala maikaʻi nō hoʻi ia e palekana ai mai kēia mau maʻi.

ʻO ke kuni ʻiole, Leptospirosis, Leptospirosis, Nā maʻi bacteria, Nā maʻi holoholona, ​​Nā maʻi puʻupaʻa, Kāohi ʻana