Ke haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi āu i ʻike ai he maʻi viral e like me ka HIV, Hepatitis C, a i ʻole COVID-19, e hopohopo iki paha ʻoe e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a lākou e kuhikuhi ai. Hiki mai nā nīnau e like me, 'He aha kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau?' a me 'Pehea lākou e pili ai i ke kino?' e noʻonoʻo ai. He papa lāʻau ikaika nā mea hoʻopaʻa protease i hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia iā ʻoe i kēlā mau manawa. ʻOiai he paʻakikī iki paha ka inoa, he mea nui loa kā lākou hana. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia ma ke ʻano maʻalahi loa, ma ke ʻano hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.
He aha kēia mau mea hoʻopaʻa protease?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau kēia i hāʻawi ʻia e mālama i nā maʻi viral. ʻO kā lākou hana nui ka hoʻōki ʻana i kahi virus mai ka hana ʻana i nā kope o ia iho a me ka laha ʻana i loko o ko mākou kino. Ua like ia me ke kāohi ʻana i ka laha ʻana o ka virus.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he lāʻau antiretroviral e mālama ai i ka maʻi HIV/AIDS . Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi e mālama i nā maʻi e like me ka hepatitis C a me COVID-19.
I kekahi manawa hāʻawi wale ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui, i ka wā e mālama ai i nā maʻi e like me ka HIV, hāʻawi ʻia ia me ka hui pū ʻana me kekahi mau lāʻau antiviral ʻē aʻe, e like me ka 'cocktail'. Kāhea mākou i kēia ʻo Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) . I kekahi manawa, hoʻohana ʻia kahi Protease Inhibitor ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoikaika e hoʻonui i ka pono o kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.
He aha nā maʻi nui i mālama ʻia me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻO ka papa o nā lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo Protease Inhibitors ua ʻae ʻia e mālama i kekahi mau maʻi viral kikoʻī.
- HIV/AIDS: Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka ART e kāohi i ka maʻi HIV. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi lākou no ka prophylaxis ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana (PEP) e pale aku i ka maʻi ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka maʻi HIV (no ka laʻana, ka moekolohe palekana ʻole).
- Hepatitis C: Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea i ka hui pū ʻana me nā lāʻau antiviral ʻē aʻe e mālama ai i ka maʻi hepatitis C.
- COVID-19: Ke loaʻa i ka maʻi COVID-19, kuhikuhi pinepine nā kauka i ka hui pū ʻana o ʻelua ʻano o nā Protease Inhibitors e pale aku i ka lilo ʻana o ka maʻi i mea ʻino.
Pehea e hana ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke kino?
I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia, e lawe kākou i kahi laʻana liʻiliʻi. E noʻonoʻo i kahi virus he kanaka makemake e hana i keke. No ka hana ʻana i kēia keke (ʻo ia hoʻi he virus hou), pono ʻo ia e ʻoki i kahi ʻāpana protein nui i mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. ʻO kēia mau ʻāpana protein liʻiliʻi nā 'mea hoʻohui' i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā virus hou.
Maanei, ʻo 'Protease' kahi enzyme e hana ana e like me 'ʻokiʻoki' e ʻoki ana i ka lipine protein nui.
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau a mākou e hāʻawi aku ai, ʻo ia hoʻi...ʻO ka hana a ka 'protease inhibitor', ʻo ia ke ālai i ka hana ʻana o nā 'ʻokiʻoki' (protease enzyme). Ke pau ka hana ʻana o nā ʻokiʻoki, ʻaʻole hiki i ka maʻi ke ʻoki i nā 'mea hoʻohui' e pono ai e hana i nā maʻi hou. A laila, ʻaʻole hiki i ka maʻi ke hana hou i loko o ke kino a hana i nā kope nona iho. ʻO ia ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maʻalahi.
Ke pau ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi ma kēia ʻano, e maʻalahi ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino e hakakā i ke koena o ka maʻi a kāohi i ka maʻi.
He aha nā ʻano Protease Inhibitors i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia?
Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēlā me kēia maʻi i kāna enzyme protease kūikawā, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano mea hoʻopaʻa protease like ʻole e mālama ai i ka maʻi HIV, Hepatitis C, a me COVID-19.
Aia kekahi ala maʻalahi e ʻike ai i nā inoa o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Hoʻopau pinepine nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi HIV me '-navir' .
- Hoʻomaka nā mea i hāʻawi ʻia no ka hepatitis C me ka hopena hope '-previr' .
Hiki i ka papa ma lalo nei ke wehewehe hou aku i kēia.
| Ke mālama ʻia nei ka maʻi | Nā laʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau |
|---|---|
| Nā mea pale Protease no ka maʻi HIV | ʻAtazanavir ʻO Darunavir Lopinavir ʻO Ritonavir ʻO Saquinavir |
| Nā mea hoʻopale Protease no ka Hepatitis C | ʻO Boceprevir ʻO Glecaprevir ʻO Grazoprevir ʻO Simeprevir |
| Nā mea pale Protease no COVID-19 | He hui pū ʻana o ʻelua mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo Nirmatrelvir lāua ʻo Ritonavir (i ʻike ʻia ʻo Paxlovid®) |
Pehea e koho ai au i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono noʻu?
Na ke kauka nāna ʻoe e mālama nei e hoʻoholo i kēia. He nui nā kumu āna e noʻonoʻo ai i ka wā e hoʻoholo ai.
- ʻO kou maʻi viral: inā paha he HIV, hepatitis C, a i ʻole COVID-19.
- Kou olakino laulā: Inā he mau maʻi ʻē aʻe kou, e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, nā maʻi puʻupaʻa a me ke akepaʻa.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei: He mea nui loa kēia no ka mea hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke launa pū me kēia mau Protease Inhibitors.
- Ua lawe anei ʻoe i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe no kēia maʻi ma mua?
- ʻO ke ʻano o ka maʻi i loaʻa iā ʻoe: ʻAʻole pane kekahi mau ʻano o ka maʻi i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Nā hopena ʻaoʻao hiki ke loaʻa: E koho i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kūpono loa i kou kino a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
He mea nui loa: He mea nui e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai (me nā huaora a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau) a me nā kūlana olakino āu e loaʻa ai. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā hopena ʻino a me nā pilina lāʻau.
He aha nā pōmaikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
He kiʻekiʻe loa nā pono o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka mālama ʻana me ka ART, hiki ke kaohi ʻia ka maʻi HIV a hiki i kahi i hiki ʻole ai ke ʻike ʻia i loko o ke kino.
- Kōkua i ka ho'ōla piha ʻana i ka maʻi hepatitis C.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka COVID-19, kōkua ia i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi mai ka lilo ʻana i mea ʻino aʻe .
He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa?
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i nā Protease Inhibitors ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau. Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa lākou ma muli o ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai a me kou kūlana olakino.
| ʻAno o ka hopena ʻaoʻao | Nā Laʻana |
|---|---|
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau | |
| Nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe | ʻEha ʻōpū, nausea a me ka luaʻi ʻana, ka maʻi pākīkī |
| Nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau ʻē aʻe | ʻŌhūhū ʻili, ʻūlū, luhi, ʻono ʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka waha |
| Nā loli kino | Nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa, nā loli i kahi o nā waihona momona i loko o ke kino (Lipondystrophy) |
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi akā kakaikahi | |
| Nā hopena ma nā ʻōpū o loko | Ka hōʻino ʻana o ke akepaʻa, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko (me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ke poʻo) |
| Nā maʻi ʻili koʻikoʻi | ʻO ka maʻi Stevens-Johnson - he ʻeha, ʻāwili a puni ke kino |
| Nā loli i ka metabolism | Hoʻonui ʻia ke kō koko (Hyperglycemia), hoʻonui ʻia ka cholesterol (Hyperlipidemia) |
| Nā kūlana koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe | ʻO ka Myocardial Infarction, Hemolytic Anemia, Nā pilikia me ka hana uila o ka puʻuwai |
Pehea ka lōʻihi e pono ai iaʻu e lawe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
Pili kēia i ka maʻi āu i loaʻa ai.
- HIV: ʻOiai ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau piha no ka HIV, pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ke koena o kou ola. Hiki ke loli nā ʻano lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.
- Hepatitis C: Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia kēia maʻi me kekahi mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina o ka mālama ʻana.
- COVID-19: ʻO ka maʻamau, hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau antivirus no COVID-19 no ʻelima mau lā.
Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iaʻu ke hana e maʻalahi ai ka mālama ʻana?
ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō. Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hōʻemi i nā hopena ʻaoʻao a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana.
- E lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka ʻōlelo a ke kauka iā ʻoe, i ka manawa kūpono, a mai hoʻokuʻu i hoʻokahi mahele lāʻau.
- E inu i ka wai nui.Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā mea e like me nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa.
- E pale i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e launa pū paha me kāu lāʻau lapaʻau. E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia.
- Pono e lawe ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau me ka meaʻai. E nānā hou aku kākou i kēlā.
No ke aha i ʻōlelo ʻia ai kekahi mau mea hoʻopale protease e lawe pū me ka meaʻai?
Aia ke kumu no kēia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke komo ʻana o kekahi mau mea hoʻopaʻa protease, ʻoiai nā mea i lawe ʻia me ka ʻai momona, e ko mākou ʻōpū. Hoʻonui kēia i ka pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. No laila e nīnau pono i kāu kauka inā pono ʻoe e lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua, ma hope, a i ʻole me ka meaʻai.
Āhea ʻoe e pono ai e ʻike i ke kauka?
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao hou i manaʻo ʻole ʻia, a i ʻole he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau, mai kānalua e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi ma lalo nei, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. E hele i ka ʻOihana Pilikia o ka haukapila (ETU) i ka hikiwawe loa.
- kuni
- Ka huikau a i ʻole ka ʻike i hoʻololi ʻia
- Melemele o nā maka a i ʻole ka ʻili (Jaundice)
- Nā ʻeha ʻeha, pehu, a laha nui
- ʻEha nui o ka ʻōpū
- Ka luaʻi nui ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōki
He papa lāʻau lapaʻau koʻikoʻi loa nā mea hoʻopaʻa protease a he mea hoʻōla ola hoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi e like me ka HIV a me ka Hepatitis C. Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu e pili ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau e kūpono loa iā ʻoe.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He papa lāʻau ikaika nā mea hoʻopaʻa protease e kaohi ana i nā maʻi viral e like me ka HIV, Hepatitis C, a me COVID-19.
- Hana kēia mau hana ma ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka maʻi mai ka hana ʻana i nā kope o ia iho i loko o ke kino a me ka laha ʻana.
- He mea nui loa e haʻi aku i kāu kauka e pili ana i kēlā me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai a me kēlā me kēia maʻi āu e loaʻa ai i mea e pale aku ai i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
- E lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka iā ʻoe, i ka manawa kūpono. Mai hōʻalo i hoʻokahi mahele lāʻau.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hopena ʻino (kuni, melemele o ka ʻili, ʻeha nui), mai hoʻonele i ka manawa a e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
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