He nui nā mea like o ʻoe a me kou ʻohana, ʻeā? Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia nā maka polū, ke kiʻekiʻe, a me nā maʻi e like me ka hānō a me ka maʻi puʻuwai i nā hanauna. No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes Type 1, e noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe, "He mea anei kēia naʻu i hoʻoilina ai?" A hopohopo paha ʻoe e loaʻa pū ana i kāu mau keiki ka maʻi. He mea nui e makaʻala i kēia.
ʻO ka mea mua, e hoʻomaopopo kākou he aha ka maʻi diabetes Type 1?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi autoimmune ka maʻi diabetes Type 1. E Pāpā, he mea paʻakikī iki anei kēlā? ʻAe, e wehewehe maʻalahi wau. E noʻonoʻo he pūʻali koa e pale i ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO ke kuleana wale nō o kēlā pūʻali koa ka pale ʻana i ka ʻāina mai nā ʻenemi o waho. Loaʻa i ko mākou kino kahi ʻōnaehana pale like. Kāhea mākou iā ia ʻo ka ʻōnaehana pale . ʻO kāna hana ka ʻike a luku i nā ʻenemi o waho e like me nā germs, viruses, a me nā bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi a mālama iā mākou i ke olakino.
Eia nō naʻe, i loko o kēia maʻi autoimmune, hele hewa iki kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o kā mākou mau cell maikaʻi a me nā ʻenemi haole. Ua like ia me ko mākou pūʻali koa ponoʻī e hoʻouka ana i nā poʻe hala ʻole ma ko mākou ʻāina ponoʻī.
I ka maʻi diabetes Type 1, hoʻouka kēia ʻōnaehana pale hewa i kahi ʻano cell kūikawā i loko o kā mākou pancreas i kapa ʻia ʻo nā cell beta . ʻO kēia mau cell beta nā mea e hana ai i ka hormone insulin, he mea nui ia no ko mākou kino. ʻO ka insulin ka mea e lawe i ke kō (glucose) mai ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai a hoʻouna iā ia i loko o nā cell e hoʻololi ʻia i ikehu. No laila, ke luku ka ʻōnaehana pale i kēia mau cell beta, e pau loa ka hana ʻana o ka insulin. ʻO ia ka manawa e ulu ai ka maʻi diabetes Type 1.
No laila pehea e pili ai ka hanauna i kēia?
ʻAe, holo ka maʻi diabetes Type 1 i loko o nā ʻohana. ʻO ia hoʻi, aia kekahi pilina genetic. Inā loaʻa i kou makuahine, makuakāne, kaikunāne, kaikuahine, a keiki paha ka maʻi diabetes Type 1, ʻoi aku ka nui o kou loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ma mua o ka mea ʻaʻohe ona lālā ʻohana.
Akā e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia: Mai hopohopo ke lohe ʻoe i kēia. ʻOiai he 15 mau manawa ʻoi aku kou loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e loaʻa maoli nō iā ʻoe.
ʻO ka mea kupanaha, 85% o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi diabetes Type 1, a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o ʻewalu o ka ʻumi o ka poʻe, ʻaʻohe moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi . Eia kekahi, inā loaʻa i kekahi o ka ʻohana ka maʻi, haʻahaʻa loa ka manawa e loaʻa ai i kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.
No laila pehea lā kēia e hana ai? He ʻano hoʻoilina wale nō paha ia?
ʻAʻole. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole nā genes wale nō ke kumu.. E noʻonoʻo i nā genes e like me ka puʻu pauka pū i mākaukau e hoʻā ʻia. Akā i mea e hoʻā ai, pono ia i kahi huna ahi o waho. ʻO kēlā huna ahi ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he 'nā kumu kaiapuni' .
Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā kauka a me nā ʻepekema e hoʻomaopopo pono i ke ʻano o kēia 'hula'. Hiki ke lilo i maʻi viral, kekahi mea i loko o ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai, a i ʻole kekahi mea pili i ke kaiapuni. No laila, no kekahi e loaʻa i ka maʻi diabetes Type 1, pono iā lākou nā genes e hoʻoulu ai iā lākou i ka maʻi, a pono lākou e hōʻike ʻia i kahi mea pili i ke kaiapuni e hoʻoulu ai i kēlā mau genes. Ke hui pū ʻia kēia mau mea ʻelua, hele hewa ka ʻōnaehana pale a hoʻomaka e hoʻouka i nā cell beta.
He aha nā genes e pili ana me ka maʻi diabetes Type 1?
Ke hana nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka nui o ka noiʻi ʻana e pili ana i nā hoʻololi genetic e pili ana me ka maʻi diabetes Type 1. Hoʻopilikia ka nui o kēia mau genes i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui loa o kēia mau genes ʻo ia nā genes HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) . ʻO kēia mau genes HLA ka mea e aʻo ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o "ko mākou mau cell ponoʻī a me nā cell haole." No laila, inā he kīnā i loko o kēia mau genes HLA, ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻōnaehana pale ke hana i kēia ʻokoʻa kūpono.
Ua māhele hou ʻia kēia mau genes HLA i nā ʻano like ʻole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi manaʻo maʻalahi o kēia mai ka papa ma lalo nei.
| ʻAno Hoʻololi Gene | Hopena ma ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1 |
|---|---|
| HLA-DR2 | Me he mea lā e pale aku ana i ka maʻi diabetes Type 1 i kekahi ʻano. |
| HLA-DR3 a i ʻole HLA-DR4 | Hoʻonui ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1 i ka pilikia . He mea maʻamau ia i waena o ka poʻe keʻokeʻo. |
| HLA-DR7 | Ua ʻike ʻia ka poʻe ʻeleʻele he poʻe i loaʻa i ka pilikia nui . |
| HLA-DR9 | Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka poʻe Kepanī. |
Eia kekahi, ʻo kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o ka gene INS, ka mea e kuhikuhi i ke kino e hana i ka insulin, hiki ke pili pū ʻia me ka maʻi diabetes Type 1.
Hana pinepine ʻia kēia mau hoʻokolohua genetic ma kahi pae noiʻi. Inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia a i ʻole he hopohopo e pili ana i kou mōʻaukala ʻohana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka maʻi diabetes type 1 kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi kīnā i loko o ka ʻōnaehana pale (maʻi autoimmune), ma mua o ka hoʻoilina.
- ʻOiai ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi lālā o ka ʻohana me ka maʻi diabetes Type 1 e hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki ka maʻi.
- ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes Type 1 (ma kahi o 85%) ʻaʻohe moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi.
- Pono ka predisposition genetic a me ke kumu o ke kaiapuni i mea e hiki mai ai ka maʻi.
- Inā he mau hopohopo a kānalua paha kāu e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ka pilikia o kāu keiki, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea a e kiʻi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūpono.
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